46,592 research outputs found
POLAR investigation of the Sun—POLARIS
No full textThe POLAR Investigation of the Sun (POLARIS) mission uses a combination of a gravity assist and solar sail propulsion to place a spacecraft in a 0.48 AU circular orbit around the Sun with an inclination of 75° with respect to solar equator. This challenging orbit is made possible by the challenging development of solar sail propulsion. This first extended view of the high-latitude regions of the Sun will enable crucial observations not possible from the ecliptic viewpoint or from Solar Orbiter. While Solar Orbiter would give the first glimpse of the high latitude magnetic field and flows to probe the solar dynamo, it does not have sufficient viewing of the polar regions to achieve POLARIS’s primary objective: determining the relation between the magnetism and dynamics of the Sun’s polar regions and the solar cycle
SunSmart? Skin cancer knowledge and preventive behaviour in a British population representative sample
No full textThe incidence of skin cancer has risen rapidly in the UK over the last 20 years, prompting public health organizations to try and raise awareness of the dangers of sun exposure and the need to practice sun-safe behaviour. This study aimed to assess baseline levels of sun-safe knowledge and behaviour in a British population-representative sample, prior to the launch of Cancer Research UK's 'SunSmart' campaign. A face-to-face survey was conducted through the Office for National Statistics as part of their Omnibus survey. In total, 1848 men and women aged 18 and over were interviewed. Knowledge of what to do to reduce skin cancer risk was modest. Two-thirds mentioned avoiding the sun by seeking shade, 50% mentioned covering up and only 43% said to use high factor sunscreen. Practice of sun-safe behaviours was also poor, with only one-third saying they sought shade, covered up or used high factor sunscreen to protect themselves from the sun. Men and those from lower socioeconomic groups were least informed and least likely to report using sun-protective behaviours. Increases in both knowledge and use of appropriate sun-protective behaviours are needed if skin cancer incidence rates are to decrease
L(d,2,1)-Labeling of Star and Sun Graphs
No full textFor positive integer d, L(d,2,1)-labeling of a graph G is a function f from V(G) to the positive integers, f:
V(G) {1, 2,…} such that |f(u) – f(v)| ≥ d if the distance between any 2 vertices u and v is 1 (D(u,v) =1),
|f(u) – f(v)| ≥ 2 if D(u,v) = 2, and |f(u) – f(v)| ≥ 1 if D(u,v) = 3. The L(d,2,1)-labeling number kd(G) of a
graph G is the smallest positive integer kd such that G has an L(d,2,1)-labeling with kd as the maximum
label. This paper presents a general kd-value of stars K1,n and kd-value of sun graphs Sn for d = 3.
Keywords: L(d,2,1)-Labeling, distance, L(d,2,1)-Labeling number, sun graphs, stars
A grounded theory of female adolescent behaviour in the sun: comfort matters.
No full textThe aim of the research was to generate a grounded theory to explain the behaviour of young women in the sun. The study sought to explore the sun-related experiences of
young women in order to gain new insights into the influences upon them. The study was qualitative by design and utilised grounded theory method as developed by Glaser.
Twenty female participants, aged 14 to 17 years old were included in the study. They formed six groups. Thirteen interviews were carried out with the groups and six one-to one interviews took place with individuals. All interviews were semi-structured and were based upon the participants' experiences of being in the sun. Data was analysed using the
constant comparative method of data analysis, concordant with Glaserian grounded theory method. Five explanatory categories emerged from the data; Fitting In, Being Myself,
Being Physically Comfortable, Slipping Up and a core category of Being Comfortable. One of the issues that emerged was that some young women believed their social
acceptance depended on their appearance and they conformed to this end. The theory, derived from the categories, proposes that when in the sun, young women direct their
activities toward meeting physical and psychosocial comfort needs. Comfort matters to them because it has implications for their wellbeing. This thesis contributes to the literature about the behaviours of young women in the sun.
By increasing understanding of the factors that influence them, it also adds to the body of knowledge related to the primary prevention of skin cancer with teenage girls in the United Kingdom. The outcome of the research and its contribution to knowledge is a grounded theory, which explains the basis of the behaviours of young women in the sun. It appears that no other study has explored the experiences of UK adolescent females specifically, in
a qualitative way and with the intention of producing a theory to explain them
Multiyear assessment of ground-based Sun-tracking microwave radiometric observations in Rome, NY (USA) at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths
No full textGround-based Sun-tracking microwave radiometric observations allow to exploit the Sun radiation as a signal source, similarly to beacon experiments. Antenna noise temperature measurements are performed by alternately pointing toward-the-Sun and off-the-Sun while tracking the Sun along the diurnal ecliptic. The Sun-Tracking microwave observations are twofold: on one hand, they provide means to estimate the Sun brightness temperature during purely clear air conditions and, on the other hand, retrieve the atmospheric path attenuation in nearly all-weather conditions, by profiting of the known Sun brightness temperature estimates. In this paper, measurements at K- and Ka-band are analyzed, as well as observations in the marginally explored millimeter-wave frequency region at V- and W-band. A multi-year dataset was assessed, ranging from 2015 until 2018, collected by a Suntracking multifrequency radiometer located in Rome, NY (USA). Expanded considerations on Sun brightness temperature trends are reported, together with long-term estimates of the all-weather atmospheric path attenuation. These are then compared with well-established microwave radiometry retrieval methods to test the accuracy of the estimations
Threshold crossings and doctoral education: learning from the examination of doctoral education
No full textCITATION: Wisker, G., Kiley, M. & Masika, R. 2016. Threshold crossings and doctoral education: learning from the examination of doctoral education, in L. Frick, V. Trafford & M. Fourie-Malherbe (eds.). Being Scholarly: Festschrift in honour of the work of Eli M Bitzer. Stellenbosch: SUN MeDIA. 117-124. doi:10.18820/9781928314219/11.The original publication is available from AFRICAN SUN MeDIA, Stellenbosch: South Africa.Introduction: Doctoral supervision has been identified as a key factor in timely PhD completion.
Therefore, this chapter sets out to explore what can be learned from doctoral
examinations to support doctoral education and supervision. Applying the lens
of threshold concepts theories it reflects on findings raised in previous research
reports. We argue that threshold concepts theories, in addition to providing
useful insights for doctoral examining, also inform supervisory approaches and
enhance doctoral students’ learning and completion. We show that understanding
conceptual threshold crossing at different stages in a doctoral student’s learning
journey, and the learning, teaching and supervision which support this, can lead to
more effective learner strategies, focused guidance and student preparation.Publisher's versio
Characteristics of sun bear chest marks and their patterns of individual variation
No full textAnimal coloration is widely involved in a variety of social interactions, and mammals can convey information to conspecifics by visual signals, such as colored or contrasting body marks. The sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) has a vibrant and unusual chest mark. Here, we describe the characteristics of sun bear chest marks and their patterns of individual variation by (1) sex, (2) time, and (3) some biochemistry values related to fur pigmentation. Sun bear pictures were taken from 2009 to 2018 at the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre and Free the Bears sanctuary. We hypothesize that chest marks may serve in conspecific communication and, thus, we mainly expect that (a) these marks allow for sexual recognition and, thus, they should show remarkable differences by sex; (b) marks do not change over time because their consistency allows for easier intraspecific recognition; and (c) patterns of variation may be dependent on the age and/or physical condition of an individual. The most common shapes of sun bear chest marks (n = 63 M and 108 F) were U (M = 60.3%, F = 57.4%) and V (M = 31.8%, F = 32.4%) shapes. We did not detect differences in shape patterns by sex and, over the years, chest mark shape never changed for the same bear (n = 49 individuals, 16 M and 33 F). The number of dark dots in chest marks showed large amounts of individual variation (mean +/- SD = 37.7 +/- 26.8 dots; range = 1-143), and the quantity of dark dots increased with bear age. The complexity of sun bear chest marks might be related to the existence of complex interactions among individuals of the same species, which may allow for recognition and evaluation of their individual characteristics, such as age and health. Experimental approaches are needed to understand the potential functions of sun bear chest marks
Electronic Sun Journal Versus Self‐report Sun Diary: A Comparison of Recording Personal Sunlight Exposure Methods
No full textThis research compared personal sunlight exposure times monitored electronically within suburban Australian environments against self-report paper journals for determining the timing and total duration of individual exposure to daily solar radiation. A total of 90 Electronic Sun Journal (ESJ) daily readings and self-report timing and duration estimates of exposure for weekend and weekdays were compared. A Wilcoxon ranked sign test showed a significant difference (V = 157, P < 0.001) between the duration of exposure recorded electronically and the duration of exposure that was self-reported in a diary. There was also found to be a statistically significant difference between total exposure time measured using both methods for weekends (V = 10, P < 0.001) and weekdays (V = 87, P < 0.001). General trends in outdoor exposure timing confirmed that the most frequent daily exposures received over the weekend occurred between 1 and 2 h earlier than the most frequent exposures received on weekdays. This preliminary research found that exposure durations as recorded by the ESJ were longer on the weekends compared to weekdays (W = 402, P < 0.001) and confirmed that the ESJ is a viable alternative to self-reporting diaries
Perspectives on Identity, Migration, and Displacement
No full textPerspectives on Identity, Migration, and Displacement -- edited by Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek, I-Chun Wang, and Hsiao-Yu Sun (Kaohsiung: National Sun Yat-sen University Press, 2010. ISBN 9789860235418 209 pages, bibliography, index) is a collection of articles about sociological and literary aspects of identity formation as a consequence of (im)migration. (Im)migration results in the problematics of assimilation and hybridity and in postcolonial scholarship, in particular, attention is paid to the concept of migration termed Creolization on the ground that cultural contact, cultural transmission, and cultural transformation result in the creation of new cultures. Copyright release by National Sun Yat-sen University to the authors 2013
Dynamics of finite-sized light spheres in turbulence
No full textWe report experimental results on the Lagrangian dynamics of finite-size light particles in turbulence. Using an orthogonal camera setup and 3D particle tracking, we study the velocity and acceleration statistics of rigid light spheres in a water tunnel with nearly homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. The Reynolds number (ReY) is varied from 180 to 300, and the study covers a range of size ratios (4 < D/η < 16) for marginally light spheres. We find that the normalised acceleration PDF decreases in intermittency with increasing size ratio - in qualitative agreement with the predictions of the Faxén corrected model. We also present preliminary results on the rotational dynamics of large light spheres in turbulence
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