1,721,084 research outputs found
A METHOD FOR ASSESSING EMBANKMENT SETTLEMENT DUE TO THE WIDENING OF ROAD CROSS-SECTION
No full textA simple analytical and sufficiently approximate method has been devised for estimating the extent of maximum embankment settlement caused by cross-section road widening. For this purpose a series of numerical calculations was carried out by means of simplified approaches using traditional methods for settlement assessment. The values of the main parameters involved in the calculations were varied, which included the extent of the widening, the embankment height, the stiffness both of the subsoil as well as of the materials forming the embankment. The comparison with calculation findings made by a finite element model proved that the settlements obtained through the simplified approaches are sufficiently well approximated. Regression analyses of the results obtained with the simplified approach were developed in order to find out relationships which directly provided the values of the maximum settlement in function of the geometry of the system and of the material properties. After this, both traditional as well as innovative engineering techniques which are used for reducing consolidation settlements and their effects on the practical functionality of the infrastructure affected by the widening, were analysed. In this way a solution was devised that appears to be the most effective one, that consists in reducing the weight load on the foundation level, through the use of light materials, such as expanded clay, for the construction of the new embankment. Moreover, an assessment was made of the induced consolidation settlements, demonstrating the efficacy of the solution regarding those cases where crushed gravel or “pozzolana” is used
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Soft x-ray microscopy of lithium-rich layered-oxide cathode materials for high capacity lithium batteries
No full textWe have used for the first time soft X-ray transmission microscopy at the MISTRAL beamline to
visualize chemical modifications during cycling of a lithium-rich, cobalt-poor lithium manganese, nickel,
cobalt oxide cathode material used as active cathode material in high capacity lithium batteries. We
observed Li1.2Mn0.56Ni0.16Co0.08O2 particles with and without VOx coating extracted from electrodes
stopped at different state of charge. Even with these homogeneous and small-sized particles (typically 200
nm) it was possible to appreciate particles at different degree of intercalation in the same sample, with a
variable distribution during different states of charge. Identification of conducting carbon and binder
regions allowed attributing delay in deintercalation at least partially to binder accumulation. Other effects
such as local oxygen loss within a particle have probably been also observed. Correction of absorbance
saturation could lead to further and more comprehensive information on spatial heterogeneity in these
samples
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