1,089 research outputs found
Evaluation of corm origin and climatic conditions on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) yield and quality
No full textBACKGROUND: Crocus sativus L. is an autumn-flowering geophyte belonging to the Iridaceae family, known for the medicinal and coloring uses of the spice from its dried stigmas. It is cultivated in countries with different pedoclimatic conditions. This paper reports on a two-year research project carried out in the Basilicata region of southern Italy on the question of how to obtain the highest performance from saffron. It considers corms from three different geographical origins – ‘Sardinia’, ‘Abruzzo’ and ‘Kozani’ at three different cultivation sites, namely Castelgrande (40° 46′ N, 15° 26′ E, 781 m a.s.l.), Genzano di Lucania (40° 50′ N, 16° 08′ E, 344 m a.s.l.), and Villa d'Agri (40° 22′ N, 15° 48′ E, 638 m a.s.l.). RESULTS: The highest yields were obtained in the second year by the combination of ‘Genzano di L. × Sardinia’ and ‘Castelgrande × Abruzzo’ with 28.1 and 23.9 kg ha−1 of dried stigma, respectively. Saffron quality was determined according to ISO 3632, which classifies the samples into three categories depending on the crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal content. Results highlighted that the highest values for coloring (242.1) and bitterness (97.7) were achieved in Genzano di L. during 2013. Moreover, the crocins were correlated positively with stigma yield and air mean temperature but negatively with safranal. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated, through principal component analysis (PCA), that the cultivation site with higher air temperature and without excessive rain during the flowering period generated the best stigma yield with high-quality traits
GPU accelerated solution of time fractional diffusion systems
No full textFractional diffusion systems model a number of important applications, as for example water diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, since the biological tissues are heterogeneous and the signal exhibits a heavy tail which is characteristic of anomalous diffusion [3]. In this talk, we consider a time-fractional diffusion system discretized by a mixed method, consisting of a spectral method along time and a finite difference scheme along space [1]. As the spatial mesh becomes finer, the computational cost becomes very large and prevents getting high accuracy. In this context, our contribution is a suitable parallel implementation on GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) of this model. This massively multi-processors architecture has been recently used in several scientific applications to improve performance of software [4] and to get accurate and accelerated solutions in similar fractional diffusion problems [2]. Experiments show the gain of performance in execution time and accuracy terms of the parallel implementation.
References
[1] Burrage, K. and Cardone, A. and D’Ambrosio, R. and Paternoster, B. 2017 Numerical solution of time fractional diffusion systems, Appl. Numer. Math. 116, 82–94.
[2] De Luca, P., Galletti, A., Ghehsareh, H.R., Marcellino, L., & Raei, M. A gpucuda framework for solving a two-dimensional inverse anomalous diffusion problem.In: Foster, I., Joubert, G.R., Kučera, L., Nagel, W.E., Peters, F. (eds) Parallel Computing: Technology Trends, Advances in Parallel Computing. Vol 36. pp 311 -320. IOS Press, 2020.
[3] Höfling, F. and Franosch, T. 2013 Anomalous transport in the crowded world of biological cells, Rep. Prog. Phys. 76, 046602.
[4] Kurzak, J., Gates, M., Charara, A., YarKhan, A., Yamazaki, I., & Dongarra, J. (2019, August). Linear systems solvers for distributed-memory machines with gpu accelerators. In European Conference on Parallel Processing (pp. 495-506). Springer, Cham
Germination analysis of tassel hyacinth [Muscari comosum (L.) Mill.] seeds: first results
No full textTassel hyacinth [Muscari comosum (L.) Mill.], a species belonging to the Liliaceae family, is a widespread spontaneous plant typical of the Mediterranean area, which bulbs are used for food, especially in Southern Italy where they represent a traditional meal. Tassel hyacinth can be propagated both by bulbs and by seeds but, since bulb growth is very slow, gamic propagation modality seems to be increased to speed up the production of bulbs. Unfortunately, Muscari comosum seeds are not easy to germinate and often pre-germinative treatments are needed. In this research, tassel hyacinth seeds were subjected to different pre-germinative treatments to estimate differences in times, speeds, and percentages of germination. Namely, soaking and osmo-priming pre-germinative treatments, both conducted at two different temperatures that is 4 and 20°C, were investigated. Seeds were immerged in distilled water for the soaking treatment whereas in the osmo-priming, to vary the osmotic pressure of the solution, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) were used. Moreover, to determinate the effect of the pre-germinative treatments, germination was conducted at three different temperatures: 5, 10 and 20°C. Results pointed out that, regarding the osmo-priming treatments, the use of PEG has given the best results, in terms of T50 (seeds 50% germination time), MGT (Mean Germination Time), compared to soaking and KNO3. In addition, also the percentage of germination was enhanced by the application of the PEG exceeding 98%. Regarding the T50 of the seeds, the best results were obtained with the soaking treatments. Germination was also influenced by the temperature, resulting that seed treated at 4°C and germinating at 10°C (that is as known the best germinating temperature for tassel hyacinth) have reached the best results; on the other hand, the germination for the seeds kept at 20°C was quite completely inhibited
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), the king of spices: An overview
No full textSaffron is obtained from the dried red stigmas of Crocus sativus L., an autumnal herbaceous flowering plant
belonging to the Iridaceae family. It is largely cultivated in Iran, India, Afghanistan, Greece, Morocco, Spain and
Italy. Saffron global production is estimated at 418 t y−1 on 121,338 ha. It is known as the most expensive spice
in the world and as beneficial for human health due to three main bioactive compounds: crocin, picrocrocin and
safranal. The demand for saffron is increasing worldwide for its interesting role in cuisine, medicine and cosmetics.
Due to the reduction of its production, recent investigations have been conducted to study how to
improve stigma yield, quality and antioxidant activity by selecting of corm geographical origin and climatic
conditions, using biostimulants such as mycorrhizal fungi as well as choosing irrigation regimes, drying methods
and storage processes. New research activities have been focused on the medicinal properties of this spice, such
as its neuroprotection in the context of ocular disease, free radical scavenging and detoxifying capacities. This
work offers an overview of the historical, economic, genetic, botanical, agronomic and qualitative traits of
saffron as well as the properties, traditional and recent uses of the spice as well as its by-products such as tepals,
stamens, styles, corms and leaves
Il successo di EGA presso gli studiosi italiani / EGA’s success amongst Italian academics,
No full text[EN] Since a long time I have been convinced that EGA is the best architectural representation magazine – or maybe of all graphic representation ones – and it’s not a mistery. It is obvious that not everyone will share this oppinion and someone could get angry when I say it, but it is meditated oppinion, supported by irrefutable data, released from my personal relationship with the magazine and the colleagues who participate in it.[IT] Da molti anni sono convinto che EGA sia la migliore rivista di rappresentazione dell’architettura – se non addirittura di tutte quelle che si interessano di rappresentazione grafica – e non ne faccio mistero. È ovvio che non tutti condividono e qualcuno si arrabbia quando lo affermo, ma si tratta di opinione meditata, suffragata da dati inoppugnabili, svincolati dal mio personale rapporto con la rivista e i colleghi che la curano.Cardone, V. (2018). Il successo di EGA presso gli studiosi italiani. EGA. Revista de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 23(34):206-211. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2018.10852SWORD2062112334AMORUSO, G., 2018. El espacio ilusorio barroco en las perspectivas arquitectónicas de Girolamo Curti y Angelo Michele Colonna en el Palacio de la Ciudad de Bolonia, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 33, pp. 78-89. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2018.10389Barba, S., Messina, B. (in charge of), 2005. Il disegno dei viaggiatori. Salerno: CUES.Bartolomei, C., Ippolito, A., 2015. Faros italianos entre geometría y simbolismo, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 25, pp. 192-199. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2015.3679Borja Molero, A., Barba, S., Álvaro Tordesillas, A., 2016., Documentación del patrimonio cultural. Método basado en la fusión de técnicas fotogramétricas y de escaneado óptico de triangulación, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 28, pp. 236-245. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2016.6308Cabezos Bernal, P., Rossi, A., 2017. Técnicas de musealización virtual. Los capiteles del Monasterio de San Cugat, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 29, pp. 48-57. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2017.7340Calisi, D., Cianci, M.G., 2018. De lo virtual a lo real. Un modelo de madera para la reconstrucción filológica del barrio Alessandrino en la zona arqueológica central de Roma, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 33, pp. 90-102. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2018.8924Capone, M., Nigro, E., 2017. Desde la geometría hasta la representación generativa. La búsqueda de una solución optimizada en el proyecto del Club Táchira (Caracas, 1955), E GA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 31, pp. 172-183.Cardone, V., 2002. Pedro Luis Escrivá: forma e funzione nel disegno delle fortificazioni, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 7, pp. 36-47.Cardone, V., 2003. Pedro Luis Escrivá, ingegnere militare del Regno di Napoli. Salerno: CUES.Cardone, V., 2005. A proposito di nome, contenuti, programmi e prospettive per la nostra area culturale, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 10, pp. 48-57. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2005.10329Cardone, V., 2017. Editoriale, diségno, n.1, luglio-dicembre 2017, pp. 5-8.Cipriani, L., Fantini, F., Bertacchi, S., 2015. El color en las piedras y en los mosaicos de Rávena: nuevas imágenes de los monumentos antiguos a través de la fotogrametría no convencional de última generación, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 26, pp. 190-201. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2015.4052De Sanctis, A., Fortunato, G., Zappani, A.A., 2017. Nuevos levantamientos y documentos de archivo para el conocimiento de los bienes arquitectónicos: la construcción en el siglo xvii de un nuevo vestíbulo en el Convento- Santuario de San Francisco de Paula (Paula- Italia), EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 30, pp. 118-129. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2017.7835Fantini, F., 2012. Modelos con nivel de detalle variable realizados mediante un levantamiento digital aplicados a la arqueología, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 19, pp. 306-317. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2012.1383Gombrich, E.H., 1993. Historia del arte y psicología en Viena, hace cincuenta años, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 1, pp. 38-41.Leserri, M., Rossi, G., 2013. Arquitecturas de piedra seca, un levantamiento problemático, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 22, pp. 184-195. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2013.1532Maestri, D., 1993. Axonometría, dibujo y arquitectura, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 1, pp. 99-108.Rossi, A., Palmero, L., DeGregorio, S., 2018. El análisis de la forma en el diseño arquitectónico: desde el proyecto a la ejecución, EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, 32, pp. 186-197. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2018.894
Effect of geographical origin and dimension of corms on saffron production in Basilicata Region (southern Italy)
No full textSaffron, the dried stigmas of the Crocus sativus L. flowers, is the most expensive spice in the world. It is mainly used as herbal medicine, flavoring agent and food coloring, due to the content of 3 main secondary metabolites: crocin, picrocrocin and safranal. The influence on saffron yield of 3 classes of corm horizontal diameter, 2.0-2.5 cm (D1), 2.6-3.5 cm (D2) and 3.6-4.5 cm (D3), and 3 geographical corm origins, ‘Sardinia’ (Italy), ‘Abruzzo’ (Italy) and ‘Kozani’ (Greece), was evaluated in this study. For this aim, an experimental field, based on a split-plot design with 3 reps, was conducted in ‘Genzano di Lucania’ (40°50’N, 16°08’E; 344 m a.s.l., Basilicata Region, southern Italy) during 2015-2016. At harvest time, yield, flower number m-2, stigma length and stigma fresh and dry weight, were detected. Besides, at the end of crop cycle number and dimension of daughter corms were determined. Results indicated that both yield, and stigma length were affected by geographical origin and dimension of corms. In particular, the highest stigma yield (6.0 kg ha-1) was obtained by D3 ‘Sardinia’ corms, followed by ‘Abruzzo’ and ‘Kozani’ (5.7 and 3.3 kg ha-1, respectively). The highest stigma length, 30.2 mm, was obtained by planting D3 ‘Sardinia’ corms, followed by ‘Abruzzo’ and ‘Kozani’. Moreover, D3 corms, at the end of crop cycle, generated more daughter corms able to flower (diameter ≥2.5 cm) than D1 ones. According to this study, there is a positive correlation between corm dimension and yield, stigma length and daughter corms production. In order to achieve higher productivity of saffron, the use of ‘Sardinia×D3’ is considered the best option in Basilicata Region environment
Thermal analysis of a GDI multi-hole spray footprint dynamics by phase-averaged infrared thermography
No full textFatigue resistance of SMA-martensite bars subjected to flexural bending
No full textThe fatigue resistance of Ni–Ti Shape Memory Alloy (SMA)-martensite bars in bending subjected to large deformation cycles has been experimentally evaluated. Firstly, fatigue tests under constant displacement amplitude have been carried out, at two different frequencies of loading. Then, the cumulative fatigue
damage and fatigue life prediction of specimens loaded under variable load conditions have been investigated. Finally, the effect of low-cycle-fatigue (LCF) and plastic deformations on subsequent high-cycle-fatigue (HCF) has been studied. The experimental results point out that the frequency of loading (i.e. temperature) significantly affects the fatigue life of the specimens. The damage accumulation process seems to follow the ‘‘Miner’’ linear damage
theory for low-to-high (L–H) loading sequences, while the same does not hold for high-to-low (H–L) loading sequences. Surprisingly, a small fraction of LCF life consumption seems to enhance the subsequent HCF limits
Introduzione al linguaggio del film
No full textIl volume si propone quale punto d'inizio per lo studio del cinema, fornendo al lettore le nozioni e le conoscenze di base e tentando al contempo di instillare curiosità e interesse per futuri approfondimenti. A partire dall'inquadratura, il testo prende in esame tutte le componenti del linguaggio cinematografico, guardando da un lato alle definizioni teoriche e dall'altro alle forme storiche in cui sono state tradotte. Il percorso si snoda attraverso l'analisi dei fattori elementari dai movimenti della macchina da presa al montaggio, dalla dimensione figurativa a quella audiovisiva per affrontare infine i problemi più complessi relativi alla narrazione e alle sue regole
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