302 research outputs found
Scheduling uncertain orders in the customer–subcontractor context
No full textWithin the customer–subcontractor negotiation process, the first problem of the subcontractor is to provide the customer with a reliable order lead-time although his workload is partially uncertain. Actually, a part of the subcontractor workload is composed of orders under negotiation which can be either confirmed or cancelled. Fuzzy logic and possibility theory have widely been used in scheduling in order to represent the uncertainty or imprecision of processing times, but the existence of the manufacturing orders is not usually set into question. We suggest a method allowing to take into account the uncertainty of subcontracted orders. This method is consistent with list scheduling: as a consequence, it can be used in many classical schedulers. Its implementation in a scheduler prototype called TAPAS is described. In this article, we focus on the performance of validation tests which show the interest of the method
Experimental and numerical study using LES of Laser Ignition in a Rocket Like Configuration
No full textAnalysis reuse exploiting taxonomical information and belief assignment in industrial problem solving
No full textTo take into account the experience feedback on solving complex problems in business is deemed as a way to improve the quality of products and processes. Only a few academic works, however, are concerned with the representation and the instrumentation of experience feedback systems. We propose, in this paper, a model of experiences and mechanisms to use these experiences. More specifically, we wish to encourage the reuse of already performed expert analysis to propose a priori analysis in the solving of a new problem. The proposal is based on a representation in the context of the experience of using a conceptual marker and an explicit representation of the analysis incorporating expert opinions and the fusion of these opinions. The experience feedback models and inference mechanisms are integrated in a commercial support tool for problem solving methodologies. The results obtained to this point have already led to the definition of the role of ‘‘Rex Manager’’ with principles of sustainable management for continuous improvement of industrial processes in companies
La Ligue universelle de défense de la race noire contre Blaise Diagne : usages politiques du fait esclavagiste et construction d\u27un "nous" noir en France (1924)
No full textEn France, la première association des défenses des noirs est "La ligue universelle de défense de l\u27homme noir". Le but d\u27une telle association a été pensé comme une façon de créer un front commun noir contre le colonisateur, mais aussi une nouvelle forme de conception de l\u27humanité en essayant de faire reconnaitre la citoyenneté aux indigènes noirs. Il est particulièrement traité l\u27épisode du recrutement des soldats des colonies par Blaise Diagne lors de la première guerre mondiale et du non respect des hommes mais aussi des promesses de récompense non-tenues
Collaborative methodology for supply chain quality management: framework and integration with strategic decision processes in product development
No full textThe new generation of network-based organizations has triggered the emergence of distributed and more complex contexts for the analysis of firms’ strategies. This gradual change in the way we understand enterprises has induced radical evolutions on the Quality Management domain. As a consequence, the Problem Solving Methodologies (PSM)widely used in industry and positioned up to now as one of the key elements for achieving continuous improvement efforts within local scopes are now insufficient to deal with major and distributed problems and requirements in this new environment. The definition of a generic and collaborative PSM well-adapted to supply chain contexts is one of the purposes of this paper. Additional requirements linked to specificities carried out by the introduction of a networked context within the methodology scope, the relational aspects of the supply chains, complexity and distribution of information, distributed decision-making processes and knowledge management challenges are some of the aspects being addressed by the proposed methodology. A special focus is made on benefits obtained through the integration of those elements across all problem-solving phases and particularly a proposal for multi-level root-cause analysis articulating both horizontal and vertical decision processes of supply chains is presented. In addition to laying out the expected benefits of such a methodology in the Quality Management area, the article studies the reuse of all the quality-related evidence capitalized in series phase as a driver for improving upstream phases of product development projects. This paper addresses this link between series and development activities in light of the proposed PSM and intends to encourage discussion on the definition of new approaches for Quality Management throughout the whole product life cycle. Some enabling elements in the decision-making processes linked to both the problem-solving in series phase and the roll-out of new products are introduced
Sueños y discursos, de Quevedo: barroco, sátira e tradução
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura.Esta tese tem por objeto as cinco narrativas de Sueños y discursos, julgadas por consenso universal os melhores escritos em prosa de Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas (1580-1645). #Sueño del Juicio#, #Alguacil endemoniado#, #Infierno#, #El mundo por de dentro# e #El sueño de la Muerte# satirizam os costumes e os personagens de seu tempo, de todas as classes sociais. Após situar autor e obra no contexto social em que estavam inseridos, é realizado um estudo comparativo sobre o barroco literário na Espanha, Portugal e Brasil, estabelecendo elos entre Quevedo, Padre Antônio Vieira e Gregório de Matos. Em um segundo momento, são analisados os principais temas e personagens da sátira quevediana. Por fim, é realizado um estudo crítico das traduções dos Sueños, para o português do Brasil, de Liliana Raquel Chwat (Os sonhos. São Paulo: Escala, 2006), para o inglês, de Wallace Woolsey (Dreams. New York: Barrons Educational Series, de 1976), e para o francês, de Annick Louis e Bernard Tissier (Songes et discours. Paris: José Corti, 2003). Nesse estudo são particularmente escrutinadas as escolhas dos tradutores na recriação de jogos de palavras
Technic and Collaboration Breakdown Structures: Drivers of collaborative problem solving approaches in a supply chain context
No full textProblem Solving Methodologies have been par excellence a cornerstone element of the firms’ strategy on achieving effective continuous improvement. But the enterprise evolution towards an extended environment characterized by network-based organization has radically changed the problem solving paradigms. This paper aims to propose a generic and collaborative methodology addressing more complex and distributed problems, dealing with Supply Chain issues and having a key role as a driver for building global competitive advantages and create superior performances at a Supply Chain level
Frequentistische en Bayesiaanse statistiek in de forensische statistiek
No full textIn de statistiek zijn er verschillende methodes voor het uitvoeren van model selectie. Het verschil in deze methodes komt voort uit het verschil in stromingen. Voor niet-geneste model selectie zijn de meest ganbare stromingen de Bayes Factor en de likelihood ratio. D. M. Ommen en C. P. Saunders presenteerden theoretische resultaten voor de relatie tussen de Bayes Factor en de likelihood ratio, waardoor de resultaten van beide paradigma's met elkaar kunnen worden vergeleken [5]. De Bayes Factor wordt uitgedrukt in de verwachting van likelihoodratio functie met betrekking tot de posterior verdeling van de parameters. In de bewijzen van deze theoriën ontbraken een aantal belangrijke aspecten. Om deze resultaten volledig te kunnen bewijzen, wordt in dit verslag aangetoond dat eerdere theoretische resultaten moeten worden uitgebreid met extra aannames of volledig moeten worden aangepast. Aan de hand van deze aannames en aanpassingen worden de theoretische resultaten bewezen. De theoretische resultaten zijn belangrijk in de toepassing van niet-geneste model selectie, omdat er nu gecommuniceerd kan worden tussen experts vanuit een ander paradigma
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