251 research outputs found
Attualità di Goldstein
No full textIl saggio intende approfondire il ruolo di Kurt Goldstein, neurologo tedesco vicino alla Gestaltpsychologie, attivo già con i feriti della I guerra mondiale, nel dibattito sul concetto di organismo e nell'affermazione della psicoterapia umanistica negli Stati Uniti del secondo dopoguerra. In particolare, si approfondisce il rapporto del lavoro dell’autore sulle afasie con la Filosofia delle forme simboliche del cugino E. Cassirer e con il contributo della scuola sovietica. Si cerca di mostrare inoltre che la concezione olistica di Goldstein lo porta a formulare un concetto di malattia come esperienza catastrofica e di guarigione come accettazione dei limiti che viene ripreso dalla fenomenologia francese negli anni cinquanta del novecento ed è apprezzabile ancora oggi in chiave di psicologia della salute
Effects of the hot environment conditions on the main milk cheesemaking properties
No full textZOOTECNICA E NUTRIZIONE ANIMAL
Effects of different feeding time and frequency on metabolic conditions and milk production in heat-stressed dairy cows
No full textThe aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects of three different feeding management (FM) schedules on physiological markers of heat stress (HS), metabolic conditions, milk yield and quality during hot season in dairy cows. The study involved 27 mid-lactating cows, subdivided in 3 homogeneous groups differing for feeding time and frequency: total mixed ration (TMR) delivered once daily in the morning (M); twice daily, half in the morning and half in the evening (ME); once daily in the evening (E). During the trial blood samples were collected in the morning (a.m.) and in the evening (p.m.), breathing rate (BR), rectal temperature (RT), and milk yield were recorded and individual milk samples were collected. Microclimate data indicated that cows were subjected to mild-moderate HS. During the hotter days, cows in M treatment showed higher values of RT (38.97 °C vs. 38.68 °C and 38.62 °C, in ME and E) and BR (71.44 vs. 66.52 and 65.26 breaths min-1, in ME and E), a.m. plasma glucose was lower in M (3.69 vs. 3.83 and 3.83 mmol L-1, in ME and E) and a.m. plasma urea was lower in E (4.82 vs. 5.48 and 5.35 mmol L-1, in M and ME). Milk yield was unaffected by FM, as well as milk composition and cheese-making properties. Only milk protein content and yield were higher in M (3.42 vs. 3.36 and 3.27%; and 1.11 vs 1.08 and 1.02 kg d-1, for ME and E). Our results on cow physiology indicate how M seems the less suitable FM to match cow welfare during the summer season
Marco Calamari, La scomparsa della rete
No full textChi era in rete prima che fosse invasa dalle moltitudini – scrive Marco Calamari su “Punto Informatico” – temeva principalmente la sua occupazione “militare” da parte degli stati, tramite una censura e un controllo capillare. Non è andata esattamente così. L’”economia del dono“, per la sua eccellenza tecnica, ha retto alla pressione delle masse e [...
Feeding behaviour and metabolic condition of dairy cows during early lactation.
No full textIn dairy cow the transition period often results in enormous stress and may negatively impac��t
Dry Matter Intake (DMI), milk production and herd health. The aim of this research was to study
the feeding behaviour of dairy cows in early lactation and the relationship with the metabolic and
health conditions. The trial was carried out on 14 multiparous Italian Friesian cows raised in an experimental
free-stall barn. Animals were fed Total Mixed Ratio (TMR) once daily (at 07:30 a.m.) and
raised, from 7 to 60 d after calving, in a pen equipped with 24 electronic feeding stations connected to
a central computer (Bio Control A/S, Rakkestad, Norway) capable to record individual data on feeding
behaviour. The data on feeding behaviour (number of meals, eating time per meal, feed intake per meal
and rate of intake) were expressed per day and per day-time (from 07:00 a.m. to 07:00 p.m.) and nighttime
(from 07:00 p.m. to 07:00 a.m.) period. Cows were bled, before TMR distribution, at -14, -7, 1, 3,
7, 14, and 30 d from calving and samples analyzed for the parameter of the Piacenza Metabolic Profile
together to NEFA, BHBA, and creatinine. The BCS was evaluated at -7, 0, 30 and 60 d from calving,
while milk yield and body weight were daily recorded. The animals were subdivided in two groups (G
and L) according to the Liver Functionality Index (LFI), based on the behaviour of plasma albumin,
total cholesterol and bilirubin in early lactation. The results were subjected to ANOVA (Mixed procedure
of SAS), including LFI, DIM, period of the day, their interactions, and cow as random effect. During
early lactation the behaviour of DMI was mainly related to the eating time per meal and the feed
intake per meal; on the contrary, the number of meals per day changed only slightly. The DMI during
the day-time period was on average 66% of daily DMI, this proportion did not change significantly
during lactation. The animals with lower (worse) LFI (L) compared to the animals with higher (better)
LFI (G) have shown: a) lower milk yield (P<0.01); b) lower DMI, mainly as consequence of a lower
eating time per meal (25.0 vs. 32.7 min in L and G, respectively; P<0.05) and of a lower feed intake
per meal (2.89 vs. 3.82kg DM in L and G, respectively; P<0.10), despite a greater number of meals per
day (6.3 vs. 5.6 meals in L and G respectively; n.s.); c) lower values of plasma albumin and cholesterol,
and greater of bilirubin, as consequence of LFI classification, together to greater values of the positive
acute phase proteins (AAP+: haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin) before (n.s.) and after calving; d) greater
values of plasma NEFA before calving and of NEFA and BHBA after calving; e) some health troubles
after calving (mastitis and lameness). In conclusion our data show that feeding behaviour and daily
DMI in early lactation was mainly related to the eating time and DMI per meal. An increase of plasma
APP+/APP- ratio around calving was associated with a lower DMI in early lactation, together to a reduction
of milk yield and a worsening of health condition
SIMULATION OF HERBICIDE CONTAMINATION OF THE AQUIFER NORTH OF VICENZA (NORTHEAST ITALY)
No full textThe contamination of the aquifer north of Vicenza (North-East Italy) by atrazine, simazine and alachlor has been simulated developing a simple model based on the fugacity model. The simulation has been carried out taking into account the period 1964–1990 and the results have been compared with the analytical data of the period 1987–1990.
The median concentration (C50) of atrazine measured in the aquifer was 0.028, 0.044 and 0.015 μg/l in 1987, 1988 and 1989–1990 respectively. The simulated values showed a satisfactory behaviour of the model concerning the order of magnitude of the phenomenon. Similar results have been obtained for simazine and alachlor
Impact of automatic milking system (AMS) on milk yield and some milk characteristics.
No full textThe trial was carried out in the experimental free stall barn “V. Tadini” equipped with an auto tandem (4+4)
milking parlour and, since March 2004, with a single box automatic milking system (Galaxy, Milkline). Two
similar herds were constituted and milked with milking parlour (MP) or with automatic milking system
(AMS). The cows of the two herds were fed the same diet distributed using TMR technique, once a day (at
07:00). The cows in MP were milked twice daily (at 03:00 and at 15:00). After AMS installation the AMS herd
was constituted of 20 mid-lactating cows, moved from the MP herd. In the next months other cows were introduced
in the AMS herd, reaching a numerousness of 26 cows. In the AMS area forced cow traffic was applied.
During the trial, started one month before and ended four months after AMS installation, individual milk yield
was daily recorded and bulk milk of the two herds was sampled fortnightly and analysed for fat, protein, lactose
and somatic cell count (SCC). Data on cow traffic in the AMS were obtained from the recorded visits in
the milking unit. Milking frequency in AMS, excluding the first 3 weeks after AMS installation, averaged
2.61±0.78 milkings/day. Milk yield decreased, according to the advancing in the lactation phase, in both herds
and the extent of the reduction was slightly lower in the AMS herd. Slight differences were observed in fat content
of bulk milk with a reduction of the values in both herds in springtime. On average the values were
3.70±0.15% in AMS and 3.77±0.06% in MP, with a higher variability in AMS herd. Protein content was
3.37±0.05% in AMS and 3.33±0.17% in MP and the values observed in each herd during the trial have shown
a similar pattern. Lactose content of bulk milk decreased, during the trial, in a lesser extent in AMS.Milk SCC
were, on average, 5.58±0.16 log10(n/mcl) in AMS and 5.60±0.07 log10(n/mcl) in MP and a very close pattern during
the trial was observed in the two herds. In conclusions our data show that the introduction of the AMS
increases slightly milk yield with minor influence on milk composition and without effect on somatic cell count
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