501 research outputs found
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No full text"Madskulinitet - Kønskamp i TV-køkkenet" af Jonathan Leer (anmeldt af Morten Kyed) "At navigere i tavshed" af Eva Borgström (anmeldt af Dag Heede)
”Vi er jo en virksomhed, der er særdeles overgennemsnitlig på empati”:Rekruttering af bløde kompetencer i ambulancetjenesten
No full textEn række sociologer har de seneste år peget på, at den postindustrielle serviceøkonomi stiller stadigt større krav til servicemedarbejderes sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer. Eva Illouz (2008) argumenterer eksempelvis for, at vestlige samfund kendetegnes af en ”emotionel kapitalisme”, hvor følelsesmæssige kompetencer er blevet en central stratifikationsfaktor, som marginaliserer især mænd med en traditionel arbejderklasse habitus. Men få studier har undersøgt, hvordan arbejdsgivere rent faktisk vurderer ansøgernes sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer. Gennem interviews og observationsstudier har artiklens forfatter undersøgt, hvordan verdens største ambulanceoperatør vurderer og værdsætter ansøgeres sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer gennem rekrutteringsprocessen til stillingen som ambulanceredderelev. Artiklen viser med udgangspunkt i fire ansættelsessamtaler med mandlige ansøgere, hvordan ansøgerens primære følelsesmæssige habitus har betydning for samtalens udfald og de sympatirelationer, som skabes i forbindelse med samtalen. Data viser også, at selvom ledelsen fremhæver, at personlighed og empati er afgørende i screeningen af ansøgerne, så anvender virksomheden ikke personlighedstest eller andre psykologiske teknologier i rekrutteringsprocessen. Sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer vurderes derimod ud fra ansøgerens institutionaliserede omsorgskapital samt bedømmelsesudvalgets mavefornemmelse af ansøgerens følelsesmæssige dispositioner og evne til at passe ind både i faget og virksomhed.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Morten Kyed: ”We Are a Business that Is Really above Average in Empathy”: Recruiting ”Soft Competences” in Ambulance Service
A number of sociologists have suggested that the post-industrial service economy is placing increasing demands on service employees’ social and emotional skills. Eva Illouz (2008), for instance, argues that Western societies are characterised by an ”emotional capitalism”, in which emotional competencies are pivotal for social stratification and marginalisation of men with a traditional working class habitus. However, few studies have examined how employers actually assess applicants’ social and emotional skills. Through interviews and observational studies, the author has studied how the world’s largest ambulance operator assesses and evaluates social and emotional skills of ambulance apprentice applicants. Employing four job interviews with male candidates, the article illustrates how the applicant’s primary emotional habitus is important for the construction of sympathy relations during the job interviews and the outcome of the conversation. The data also shows that although management emphasises that personality and empathy are crucial when screening applicants, the company does not use personality tests or other psychological technologies in the recruitment process. Assessment of social and emotional skills is based on the candidate’s ”institutionalised care capital” and the assessment committee’s gut feeling about the applicant’s emotional disposition and ability to fit into both the vocation and the company.
Keywords: service work, service economy, recruitment, social competences, emotional competences, gender
Ambulancearbejde, sikkerhed og maskuline rekonfigurationer:Etnografiske fortællinger om kulturelle praksisser under forandring
No full textTrods den vedvarende kønnede ulighed i forekomsten af arbejdsulykker og
utallige studiers beskrivelser af sammenhæng mellem maskulinitet og risikoadfærd,
har kun ganske få studier undersøgt sammenhængen mellem mænds
køns- og sikkerhedspraksis på arbejde. Baseret på 575 timers etnografisk feltarbejde
og 20 interviews med mandlige ambulancereddere belyser denne
artikel nogle centrale sammenhænge mellem mandlige ambulanceredderes
maskulinitets- og sikkerhedspraksis. Artiklen viser, hvordan mandlige ambulancereddere
bl.a. praktiserer sikkerhed ved at positionere sig i opposition
til en kollektiv fortælling om fortidens ”John Wayne- og Tarzan Syndrom”.
Undertiden udtrykkes denne symbolske skillelinje mellem traditionel og moderne
maskulinitetspraksis eksplicit, men oftest forekommer den implicit i
de mandlige ambulanceredderes kulturelle praksis. Denne kulturelle sikkerheds/
maskulinitets-rekonfiguration indebærer bl.a., at de mandlige ambulancereddere
eksplicit tager afstand fra den maskuline helterolle, som medierne
tilskriver dem. En anden måde, opgøret med den tidligere maskulinitetspraksis
træder frem i det empiriske materiale, er gennem reddernes udbredte
fremhævelse af det, jeg kalder et ”forløsningsfællesskab” i forbindelse med
kollegial bearbejdning af barske ambulanceopgaver.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Morten Kyed: Emergency Medical Ambulance Work, Safety and Masculine Reconfigurations: Ethnographic Tales about Cultural Practices Undergoing Change
Despite the continuing gendered inequality in the incidence of work-related
accidents, and countless descriptions of the relationship between masculinity
and risk behavior, few studies have examined the relation between male
gender and safety practices at work. Based on 575 hours of ethnographic
fieldwork and 20 interviews with male EMTs, this article explores some key
associations between masculinity and safety practices among male EMTs in
Denmark. The article shows how male EMTs practice safety by positioning
themselves in opposition to a collective narrative of the past: The ”John Wayne and Tarzan Syndrome”. Sometimes this is expressed explicitly in symbolic
boundaries between traditional and modern masculinity practice, but mostly
it is expressed implicitly in the male EMTs’ cultural practices. This cultural
safety/masculinity reconfiguration involves, inter alia, that the male EMTs explicitly
reject the masculine heroic role the media attribute to them. Another
way of breaking with former masculinity practices that emerges in the empirical
material is the widespread emphasis on what I call a ”community of relief”
in the context of collegial processing of harsh ambulance experiences.
Keywords: masculinity, safety, practice, ambulance work
A qualitative study of Nurse Case Managers' boundary work in their work with people in vulnerable situations and complex treatment trajectories
No full textOrganic consumption practice of men - a sociological qualitative thesis of the male consumers of Aarstiderne and their organic consumption practices.
No full textAbstract The main objective of the thesis has been to examine the research question; “How can organic consumption be understood as a gendered phenomenon? Furthermore, how it can help us to understand consumption as a social practice among men regarding organic food”. This was more particularly investigated in relation to male customers of the Danish organic meal box company Aarstiderne with whom the thesis has collaborated with. The background of the thesis is constituted by a contextual understanding that organic consumers in Denmark largely consists of females. Thereto, based upon the literature review of green consumption and gender studies of food and consumption, men are less likely than females to consume green products. Furthermore, the studies show that the way we eat, cook and consume reflect upon how gender is done and practiced in everyday lives. The interest of the thesis has thereby been to investigate male organic consumers to acquire a comprehension of how eight different male consumers of Aarstiderne practice organic consumption in different social situations in their everyday lives. Further, how these practices reflect upon their way of doing and expressing gender and masculinity. These eight men constitute the primary empirical material for the thesis, and their opinions and practices were explored by the use of various qualitative interviews; the focus group interview, two couple interviews and an individual person interview in a social constructivist science theory framework. The interaction between interviewees has in regards to the science theory and applied theoretical aspects for the thesis been deemed important to understand how various social practices, norms and opinions is exchanged and fabricated in social interactions. The theoretical approach in the thesis has been based on adaptive orienting concepts by using ‘the social practice’ theory by Andreas Reckwitz (2002) and Bente Halkier & Iben Jensen (2008), and ‘gender performativity’ from Candace West and Don H. Zimmermans (1987) “Doing Gender” theory. The theories of social practices have provided an understanding of social actions, interactions and behavior as constituting social practices in the everyday live. Simple actions such as consumption is based on several coordinated routinized actions, wherein the use of body, mind and emotions is in cooperated. This theory thereby provided analytical foundation to explore and understand, the ways in which male organic consumers perform organic consumption as a social practice and how it forms part of multiple relational practices such as gender, cooking and consumption in the daily life. Thereto, the theory of ‘gender performativity’ was applied to explore the ways in which gender is done through performances and social interactions and can be seen as a product of social actions. The interviews and empirical findings therein based the groundwork for developing four practices-ideal types of male consumers, and their organic and consumption practices; 1) Gastro man practices/ Gastroma(n)dspraksis 2) Health man practices/ Helsema(n)dspraksis 3) Protest man practices/ Protestma(n)dspraksis 4) The green man practices/Den grønne ma(n)dspraksis. The thesis concludes, that male organic consumers of Aarstiderne exchange between four main types of different practice-ideal types, wherein several different types of practices and performances on various cognitive and physical levels is applied. These practices and performativities in isolated instances can be considered as contradictory, however it has become evidently that social contexts have an effect on how practices and performances is perceived and carried out. The eight men, therefore, has different use and views on organic food, cooking, masculinity and consumption depending on the given social context and situation as social practices and gender is socially based phenomenons performed in social interactions. Therefore, organic consumption as a gendered performance variates depending on the given context, social situation and practice performed
"It is frustrating, yet immensely rewarding" - A Qualitative Study of Healthcare Professionals' Experiences with Dual-Diagnosis Patients
No full textHow can we get you to stay? - a case study of retention of truck trivers in a top-down versus bottom-up perspective
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