1,720,977 research outputs found
CRISPR-Cas9 helps solve a piece of the puzzle of the biosynthesis of salicinoids and suggests a role in the growth-defense trade-off in poplar
No full textNot AvailableWillow tree bark has been in use as a reliever of pain and fever for around 3,500 years (Desborough and Keeling, 2017). Unknown to our ancient ancestors, willow bark contains salicin, a salicinoid compound that is the original source of aspirin. Salicinoids are phenolic glycosides found only in willows and poplars. They are plant defense compounds and help willow and poplar trees to deter herbivores. Despite their medicinal value and importance in plant defense, salicinoid biosynthesis remains puzzling. Recent studies have provided a clue that a UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT71L1) is essential for salicinoid biosynthesis in poplar (Fellenberg et al., 2020; Kulasekaran et al., 2021). In this issue, Harley Gordon and coauthors (Gordon et al., 2022) generated CRISPR-Cas9-mediated UGT71L1 knock-out mutants of poplar and revealed a central role of UGT71L1 in salicinoid biosynthesis and herbivore defense (see Figure).Not Availabl
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Genetic Engineering and Genome Editing Strategies to Enhance Diseases Resistance of Rice Plants: A Review of Progress and Future Prospects
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Not Available
No full textNot AvailableViruses are too small to be seen in a light microscope, yet they cause havoc in plants as well as animal communities. In the midst of a viral pandemic, who would know better than us how much damage this tiny invisible foe can cause. Viruses need to produce numerous proteins for replication, movement, and pathogenesis. Having a tiny genome, viruses use non-conventional strategies like initiating protein synthesis from un-annotated sites to increase their coding capacity (Ho et al., 2021). Accurate annotation of viral genes is crucial to developing antiviral strategies. However, deciphering a full set of viral genes is a great challenge as viruses use hidden open-reading frames (ORFs) with unanticipated translation initiation sites (TISs).Not Availabl
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