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Kavita Rastogi Collection
No full textElicitation of common nouns including body parts, family members, household items, clothing, and the natural world, and question words. Kushal Singh helps translate. Recorded in the Altodi Raji hamlet
Mobile Security
Get PDFMobile security is one of the major problems in this generation. In this computerized era many people use computer and mobile phones in their daily life. This report tells about the mobile security, how cyber criminals hack the devices, and how to protect from such problems. And this report also talks about virus and to be aware of such virus. This report also talks about awareness, handling device safe-ly, how to deal with unwanted application, how to use application and so on.
The aim of this thesis work is to illustrate the importance of security and its value. This thesis recogniz-es the security is not only a technical issue but a governance concern as well. Mobile security is im-portance in all level of organization. This thesis also discusses the procedures to be followed by organi-zations to ensure their information is safe and secure
Digitalisation of Housing in Nepal : Full Stack JavaScript Application
Get PDFYarshaa DHN (Digital Housing Nepal) is a web-based start-up project which allows users to search, sell, and reserve the apartment. The traditional rental methodology is still practised in Nepal, where landlord and tenant meet with a local means of advertisement, personal contacts, and or word of mouth. This practise quantifies the time, effort, and resources for both hands and is arduous to get the proper match. Yarshaa DHN solves the complication by renting, featuring the rentals for the landlords, and by providing a visual dash-board platform for the tenants who can search the right apartment with the search and sort parameters such as location, size and facilities, from the web-based application.
Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. A survey was performed in Kathmandu where 76 people were participating by filling the form with a few questions. Among them, 12 were potential landlords and 64 were potential tenants. Furthermore, research-based findings and information from the Internet and publication were utilized. The waterfall methodology was implemented to develop the application, which consists of analysis, design, development, and testing phases, respectively. Modern web development tools, such as HTML5, CSS, Bootstraps, JavaScript, React, React router, Redux, Express and MongoDB, were extensively used to make the prototype responsive, modern, and interactive.
A full-fledged modern web-based prototype was developed (keeping the outcome of survey and business perspective coherent) to demonstrate what could be the face of change
Investigate the regional heterogeneity of electrophysiological properties and intracellular calcium in the heart
No full textLe malattie cardiovascolari, e la progressione verso l'insufficienza cardiaca, sono una delle principali cause di morte. fette tessuto cardiaco stanno diventando sempre più popolare come un sistema modello per elettrofisiologia cardiaca e della ricerca farmacologia e lo sviluppo. L'eterogeneità regionale di calcio intracellulare e potenziale transmembrana, in particolare differenza transmurale nel ventricolo e il suo effetto sul substrato elettrofisiologico è largamente inesplorata nonostante l'importanza consolidata della eterogeneità elettrofisiologico del cuore. Tali informazioni tuttavia, non può attualmente essere ottenuto da preparati cardiaci interi sia isolato singola cella o Langendorff perfusione che sono ampiamente utilizzati nella ricerca cardiaca. Qui, abbiamo descritto in preparazione dettaglio, la gestione e la registrazione mappatura ottica con coloranti fluorescenti di tensione e di calcio in fette di tessuto ventricolari da topi. Abbiamo anche cercato di guardare alternans e aritmie in diverse regioni del cuore applicando la stimolazione campo a frequenze diverse. Abbiamo studiato il possibile ruolo di Pak1 nella modulazione autonomica di seno-atriale attività nodo making ritmo. Il ventricolo è stato tagliato in senso trasversale e longitudinale per la registrazione mappatura ottica. APD e CATD erano più lunghi nella regione medio-miocardio confrontano epicardio ed endocardio regione della sezione trasversale del ventricolo. La regione mid-miocardio contiene M-cellule che avevano una configurazione potenziale picco e la cupola di azione di primo piano. Abbiamo anche osservato più CATD e APD nella regione apicale confrontano a metà e regione basale del ventricolo sinistro (fette longitudinali). Il rapido aumento della risposta di tensione e di calcio a fette ventricolare è stato causato principalmente mediante l'applicazione di frequenze di stimolazione cumulativi (da 2 Hz a 16 Hz). A frequenza più alta, alternans e aritmie sono state osservate in diverse regioni del ventricolo. Pak1 svolto ruolo significativo nella risposta di murine SAN alla segnalazione autonomica, agendo per opporsi adrenergici e aumentare risposte colinergici del sistema intatto. Pak1 ha agito come un anti-ipertrofica e anti-aritmici in condizione di stress β-adrenergico. In conclusione, la metodologia descrivere qui, fornisce quindi un sistema nuovo modello per lo studio della eterogeneità regionale di diverse proprietà elettrofisiologiche nel cuore. Il nostro studio indica che ci sono differenze transmurale e regionali nel transitorio di calcio e di potenziale transmembrana a fette ventricolari (trasversale e sezione longitudinale). display PAK1 cardio-protettivi effetti di de-fosforilazione di diverse proteine cardiache (cTnI, cTnC e MyBP-C) e l'attivazione della proteina fosfatasi 2A (PP2A).Cardiovascular diseases, and the progression to heart failure, are one of the leading causes of death. Cardiac tissue slices are becoming increasingly popular as a model system for cardiac electrophysiology and pharmacology research and development. The regional heterogeneity of intracellular calcium and trans-membrane potential, in particular transmural difference in the ventricle and its effect on the electrophysiological substrate is largely unexplored despite the well-established importance of the electrophysiological heterogeneity of the heart. Such information however, can not currently be obtained from either isolated single cell or Langendorff perfused whole heart preparations that are widely used in cardiac research. Here, we described in detail preparation, handling and optical mapping recording using voltage and calcium fluorescent dyes in ventricular tissue slices from mice. We also tried to look at alternans and arrhythmia in different regions of heart by applying field stimulation at different frequencies. We investigated the possible role of Pak1 in autonomic modulation of sino-atrial node pace making activity. The ventricle was cut into transverse and longitudinal direction for optical mapping recording. APD and CaTD were longer in mid-myocardium region compare to epicardium and endocardium region of transverse section of the ventricle. The mid-myocardium region contains M-cells which had a prominent spike and dome action potential configuration. We also observed longer CaTD and APD in apical region compare to mid and basal region of left ventricle (longitudinal slices). The rapid increase in voltage and calcium responses in ventricular slices was mainly caused by applying cumulative pacing frequencies (from 2 Hz to 16 Hz). At higher frequency, alternans and arrhythmia were seen in different regions of ventricle. Pak1 played significant role in the response of murine SAN to autonomic signaling, acting to oppose adrenergic and augment cholinergic responses in the intact system. Pak1 acted as an anti-hypertrophic and anti-arrhythmic in β-adrenergic stress condition. In conclusion, the methodology describe here, thus provides a novel model system for the study of regional heterogeneity of several electrophysiological properties in the heart. Our study indicates that there are transmural and regional differences in calcium transient and transmembrane potential in ventricular slices (transverse and longitudinal section). Pak1 displays cardio-protective effects by de-phosphorylation of several cardiac proteins (cTnI, cTnC and MyBP-C) and activation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)
Spatial and temporal variability of rainfall over the south-west coast of Bangladesh
Get PDFThis study examined the spatial and temporal rainfall variability from the 1940s to 2007 in the south west coastal region of Bangladesh. Time series statistical tests were applied to examine the spatial and temporal trends in three time segments (1948–1970, 1971–1990 and 1991–2007) and four seasons (Pre-monsoon; Monsoon; Post-Monsoon and Winter), during the period 1948–2007. Eight weather stations were divided into two zones: exposed (exposed to sea) and interior (distant to sea). Overall, rainfall increased during the period 1948–2007, while the trends intensified during post-1990s. Post-monsoon and winter rainfall was observed to follow significant positive trends at most weather stations during the time period 1948–2007. The rate of change was found in exposed zone and interior zone are +12.51 and +4.86 mm/year, respectively, over post monsoon and +0.9 and +1.86 mm/year, respectively, over winter. These trends intensified both in the exposed zone (+45.81 mm/year) and the interior zone (+27.09 mm/year) 1990 onwards. Winter rainfall does not exhibit significant change (p > 0.1) over the exterior or interior zone, though individual stations like Jessore, Satkhira and Bhola show significant negative trends after 1990s. Although the trends were observed to weaken in the monsoon and pre-monsoon seasons, they are not significant. Moreover, an 11-year cyclicity was found within these two seasons, whilst no cyclicity was observed in the post-monsoon and winter seasons. Sequential Mann Kendal test reveals that the changes in two zones rainfall trends are started around mid-80s, where step change found only for fours season in Khulna stations and also for winter seasons in all weather stations. These changes may have a detrimental effect on rain-fed agriculture in Bangladesh. The application of palaeo-environmental techniques, threshold determination and rainfall analysis across the whole country could be useful to support adaptation planning of the rain-fed agro-economy in Bangladesh
Probing ion transport mechanisms with synthetic channel-forming molecules
Get PDFMaintaining asymmetric balances of intra- and extra-cellular ion concentrations is essential for the healthy and regular functioning of a cell as the presence of specific ionic gradients are responsible for a number of cellular and physiological processes. In order to establish and maintain these ionic gradients, ion channels provide one mechanism of controlled transport of physiological ions such as sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+) and chloride (Cl-) into and out of the cell. Natural ion channels are large and very complex proteins that are able to rapidly transport ions across the cell‟s bilayer membrane with high selectivity.
In order to understand which structural characteristics are required for effective and selective ion transport, a range of macrocyclic compounds based on calix[4]arenes, oxacalix[3]arenes, pillar[5]arenes and diaza-18-crown-6 was synthesised as models for channel-forming biomolecules. Through synthetic modifications and comparisons with their monomeric equivalents, it was possible to determine relationships between their structures and their activities. Polyether-based substituents, including an extended polyether, which incorporated a trans-but-2-ene linker, were attached in order to produce membrane-spanning molecules.
The key elements investigated were the effect of the macrocycles compared to their monomeric equivalents, the effect of macrocyclic cavity size on ion selectivity, the effect on ion conductance observed between a rigid macrocycle compared with a flexible macrocycle and the impact of altering polyether chain length and functionality on ion conductance and selectivity.
The compounds‟ ion transport abilities were assessed on artificial planar lipid bilayers and their antimicrobial activities determined by a variation of the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test on the common pathogens: E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes.
Planar lipid bilayer results demonstrated that a predetermined structure, the length of the polyether substituent and the fit between the size of the macrocycle to the cation were important for transmembrane ion conduction; whereas the monomeric analogues formed unregulated sized pores leading to irregular to no activity and general non-selectivity. The rigid macrocycle compared to the flexible macrocycle demonstrated key differences in conduction where it is postulated that the flexible macrocycle conducted ionophorically. Antimicrobial tests revealed that the monomeric derivatives were significantly more potent towards bacteria than their macrocyclic equivalents, presumably due to the production of surfactant-like activity whilst the macrocyclic analogues displayed limited aqueous solubility
Community based risk assessment and adaptation to climate change in the coastal wetlands of Bangladesh
No full textIn recent decades, community based adaptation to climate change has gained enormous attention from scientists, policy makers and development professionals. This paper presents community based risk assessment for identification of risk and local adaptation practices as a response to climate change. The south-western coastal region of Bangladesh was selected as the study area and historical change-chronology study was conducted using statistical analyses and studying community perception. The community’s experience suggests risks are shifting both in magnitude and direction with the increasing frequencies of hydro-meteorological events and their irregularities are threatening adaptation capacities as they are affecting the sensitivity and production of the ecosystem of the region. Communities are increasingly depending on non-agricultural activities while the required time to be spent earning livelihoods is increasing. People are migrating from their traditional occupations towards non-agricultural ccupations. In such cases, local adaptation practices are almost absent in the region except for the application of more incentives to compensate production losses. Concerned authorities need to understand the nature of community adaptation and perceptions of climate change in coastal Bangladesh if the country wants to stride forward to negotiate climate change
The Trilemma of Anti-Racism
No full textBoger JM-A. The Trilemma of Anti-Racism. In: Dada A, Kushal S, eds. Whiteness Interrogated. Oxford: Inter-Disciplinary Press; 2016
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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