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Early Buddhist architecture of Bengal: morphological study on the vihāra of c. 3rd to 8th centuries
No full textThis dissertation examines the evolution of early Buddhist architectural forms of Bengal, specifically its vihāra and shrine structures. In general, this research explores Gupta and post-Gupta (c. third to eighth centuries AD) vihāra architecture of Bengal, where the primary focus is on the Buddhist shrine architecture constructed during this period. There is a preconception amongst historians that the period between the Gupta and the Pāla periods was characterized by disorder and chaos, commonly known as the period of Matsyanyayam. This is the reason why discussions on the architectural history of Bengal have generally commenced from the Pāla period (c. 750 AD onwards). Analyzing extant and new evidences this study argues that the Buddhist architecture of Bengal thrived during the intervening period, albeit under the patronage of local kings and rulers. In the field of art and sculpture it is accepted that Buddhist Pāla art was a continuation of previous Gupta art forms, where post-Gupta period acted as the transition or a bridge. Following this general pattern, as this thesis argues, the rectangular Gupta shrine plan takes a mature cruciform shape during the Pāla period through a complex morphological development. The nature of Buddhist shrine architecture in Bengal during the early Gupta, later Gupta, and post-Gupta periods is described in the light of analyzed archaeological findings and architectural trends
Eumenes macrops de Saussure 1852
No full text17) Eumenes macrops de Saussure, 1852 Eumenes macrops de Saussure, 1852: 41. Type data: Male, BMNH. Type locality: “ La Caroline du nord ”. Eumenes fraternus var. macrops; de Saussure, 1875: 95. Eumenes vishnu Cameron, 1898: 36. Eumenes Salai Dusmet, 1930: 103. Material examined. INDIA: Karnataka: Dandeli, 29.v.2008, 1 ♀, Coll. Yadavababu; Yelahanka Benagaluru, 4.iv.2016, 1 ♀, Coll. Ashwath & Sandesh; Nandi Hills, 6.ix.2017, 1♀, Coll. Ashwath. Distribution. India: Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Pondicherry, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal. Elsewhere: Indonesia; Malaysia. (Gusenleitner 2006, Girish Kumar et al. 2017b).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, Girish, Pannure, Arati, Gupta, Ankita & Carpenter, James M., 2020, An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 4784 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/386231
Missing and Defective Identity of Authors Cited in Library and Information Science Literature
No full textThe study explores the inaccuracies in the author names in journal references cited in five randomly selected theses in the subject of Library and Information Science (LIS) submitted to Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India during the period of 2012-2016, choosing one thesis per year. Five hundred and forty eight verifiable journal references appended in five LIS theses contained 924 cited authors. Findings show that 149 (16.13%) author names cited in 114 (20.8%) journal references were inaccurate. Furthermore, these 149 inaccurate author names contained 169 inaccuracies in both first name and surname. A sum of 49 errors (including 32 errors of missing of first name/initials, 6 spelling errors in first name, and 11 wrong author’s initials) in first name or initials of cited author(s) were detected. Errors related to surname of cited author(s) were counted 70 (including 45 surname spelling errors, and 25 wrong surnames). A total of 37 (4%) authors were completely missing from the five LIS theses’ reference lists. The LIS researchers have finished the academic credibility of these authors. Apart from these faults, 13 unreal and wrong author names were added in journal references. Thesis T4 had the highest errors 62 (36.69%) while thesis T1 had the lowest errors 14 (8.28%) in the author’s name element in cited journal references. Research scholars had mutually interchanged the first name and surname in 25 author’s names in several cited references. The research scholars need to be focused on instructions given in the referencing style guide
Scientometric portrait of Ram Gopal Rastogi
No full textPublication productivity of Indian scientist (R.G. Rastogi) has been documented.
Scientometric analysis of 312 papers by Ram Gopal Rastogi published during 1954 to 1992 in various domains: (a) Luni -solar activity and quiet -time E & F- region (57); (b) Equatorial electric field and low and mid latitude iof:osphere (78); (c) Ionospheric E- region irregularities (19); (dj Ionospheric F- region irregularities (32); and (e) Magnetic disturbance effects on the equatorial low and mid latitude ionosphere (23) were analysed. Interdomainery contents and of the number of papers: a+b were 36; b+c and b+d were 20 each; b+e were 16;. c+e were 5; a+e were 3; d+e were 2; and a+d had only one publication. Highest collaborations were with H. Chandra (61), M.R. Deshpande (42), and G. Sethia (19) out of his total 97 collaborators. His highest productivity was during 1978 with 28 papers followed by 19 papers during 1977. The core journals preferred by him for publishing papers were: Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics, India, and Journal of Atomic & Terrestrial Physics, UK (59 each), followed by Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, India (34). Most prolific title keywords with their frequencies were: Ionosphere (92); Equatorial (61); F-region (53); Equatorial electrojet region (40), and Magnetic equator (30)
Flawed Citations in Indian Scientometric Literature: A Case Study
No full textThis study explores the citation errors and level of reference accuracy in the Indian scientometric journal entitled, Journal of Scientometric Research (JSR). One hundred and seventy four journal citations appended in eight research articles appeared in the JSR, volume 9, issue 1, Jan-Apr, 2020, were checked meticulously by breaking them into seven bibliographic components, i.e. author(s) name, article title, journal name, year, volume and issue numbers, and pages (both first and last page); and they were matched with the original source articles. Results reveal that 44.25% (77) citations in JSR were erroneous and remaining 55.75% (97) citations were error free. In 77 faulty citations, a sum of 116 errors was observed, out of which 59 were minor and 57 were major. A rigorous reference management system or procedure is essentially needed to enrich the reference accuracy as well as upgrade the standard of the research articles published in the JSR
Accuracy of references in the doctoral theses in library and information science submitted to Banasthali Vidyapith
No full text183-196The study was carried out to investigate the accuracy of references in the fourteen Ph.D. theses in Library and Information Science (LIS) submitted to Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India. One thousand seven hundred and twenty one (1721) journal references were checked thoroughly dividing them into seven bibliographic elements, i.e. name of author(s), article title, journal title, year, volume number, issue number, and pages (both first and last page). These components were
checked from the original journal articles. Results show that 22.08% (380) references in LIS theses had no errors, while 77.92% (1341) references contained errors. In 1341 faulty references, a sum of 2869 errors were observed, out of which 1231 were major and 1638 were minor errors. The reference accuracy rate for LIS theses ranged from 0% to 42.77%. The average number of errors in references was 1.67. The research findings indicate that citation instruction in Pre Ph.D. Programme is strongly required to promote better citation behaviour
Efficient Spatio-Temporal Network Analytics in Epidemiological Studies using Distributed Databases
No full textReal-time Spatio-Temporal Analytics has become an integral part of Epidemiological studies. The size of the spatio-temporal data has been increasing tremendously over the years, gradually evolving into Big Data. The processing in such domains are highly data and compute intensive. High performance computing resources resources are actively being used to handle such workloads over massive datasets. This confluence of High performance computing and datasets with Big Data characteristics poses great challenges pertaining to data handling and processing. The resource management of supercomputers is in conflict with the data-intensive nature of spatio-temporal analytics. This is further exacerbated due to the fact that the data management is decoupled from the computing resources. Problems of these nature has provided great opportunities in the growth and development of tools and concepts centered around MapReduce based solutions. However, we believe that advanced relational concepts can still be employed to provide an effective solution to handle these issues and challenges.
In this study, we explore distributed databases to efficiently handle spatio-temporal Big Data for epidemiological studies. We propose DiceX (Data Intensive Computational Epidemiology using supercomputers), which couples high-performance, Big Data and relational computing by embedding distributed data storage and processing engines within the supercomputer. It is characterized by scalable strategies for data ingestion, unified framework to setup and configure various processing engines, along with the ability to pause, materialize and restore images of a data session. In addition, we have successfully configured DiceX to support approximation algorithms from MADlib Analytics Library [54], primarily Count-Min Sketch or CM Sketch [33][34][35].
DiceX enables a new style of Big Data processing, which is centered around the use of clustered databases and exploits supercomputing resources. It can effectively exploit the cores, memory and compute nodes of supercomputers to scale processing of spatio-temporal queries on datasets of large volume. Thus, it provides a scalable and efficient tool for data management and processing of spatio-temporal data. Although DiceX has been designed for computational epidemiology, it can be easily extended to different data-intensive domains facing similar issues and challenges.
We thank our external collaborators and members of the Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory (NDSSL) for their suggestions and comments. This work has been partially supported by DTRA CNIMS Contract HDTRA1-11-D-0016-0001, DTRA Validation Grant HDTRA1-11-1-0016, NSF - Network Science and Engineering Grant CNS-1011769, NIH and NIGMS - Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study Grant 5U01GM070694-11.
Disclaimer: The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government.Master of Scienc
Relational Computing Using HPC Resources: Services and Optimizations
No full textComputational epidemiology involves processing, analysing and managing large volumes of data. Such massive datasets cannot be handled efficiently by using traditional standalone database management systems, owing to their limitation in the degree of computational efficiency and bandwidth to scale to large volumes of data. In this thesis, we address management and processing of large volumes of data for modeling, simulation and analysis in epidemiological studies. Traditionally, compute intensive tasks are processed using high performance computing resources and supercomputers whereas data intensive tasks are delegated to standalone databases and some custom programs. DiceX framework is a one-stop solution for distributed database management and processing and its main mission is to leverage and utilize supercomputing resources for data intensive computing, in particular relational data processing.
While standalone databases are always on and a user can submit queries at any time for required results, supercomputing resources must be acquired and are available for a limited time period. These resources are relinquished either upon completion of execution or at the expiration of the allocated time period. This kind of reservation based usage style poses critical challenges, including building and launching a distributed data engine onto the supercomputer, saving the engine and resuming from the saved image, devising efficient optimization upgrades to the data engine and enabling other applications to seamlessly access the engine . These challenges and requirements cause us to align our approach more closely with cloud computing paradigms of Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS) and Platform as a Service(PaaS). In this thesis, we propose cloud computing like workflows, but using supercomputing resources to manage and process relational data intensive tasks. We propose and implement several services including database freeze and migrate and resume, ad-hoc resource addition and table redistribution. These services assist in carrying out the workflows defined.
We also propose an optimization upgrade to the query planning module of postgres-XC, the core relational data processing engine of the DiceX framework. With a knowledge of domain semantics, we have devised a more robust data distribution strategy that would enable to push down most time consuming sql operations forcefully to the postgres-XC data nodes, bypassing its query planner's default shippability criteria without compromising correctness. Forcing query push down reduces the query processing time by a factor of almost 40%-60% for certain complex spatio-temporal queries on our epidemiology datasets.
As part of this work, a generic broker service has also been implemented, which acts as an interface to the DiceX framework by exposing restful apis, which applications can make use of to query and retrieve results irrespective of the programming language or environment.Master of Scienc
Growth of Vaishnavism in India: A Historical Study
No full textIndia is a country with many religions. It has been the birth of many religions, like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. Hinduism is also called Sanatana Dharma. Bhagwat, Pashupat, Lingayat, etc. all religions are a part of Sanatana Dharma. Vaishnavism is a part of the Bhagwat religion. The Development of Vaishnavism in India begins in the ancient period. Vaishnavism in India is mentioned by Heliodorus, the Greek ambassador in Taxila during the Sunga Period. In the Besnagar inscription of Gautami Putra Satkarni in Madhya Pradesh, we find the mention of Vaishnavism on the Garuda Pillar. In the Kushana period also, we find mention of the development of Vaishnavism. Many Images and sculptures of the Kushana period related to Vaishnava stories are found in the Mathura region. Three different idols of Ekansha, Baldeva, and Vasudeva have been found in the Devghar village of the Nawada district of Bihar. Which are kept now in Patna Museum. Vaishnavism developed a lot in the Gupta period. The reign of the Gupta kings is famous for the progress of the Brahmin religion. An inscription has been received from Tosham village of Hisar district of Haryana, which begins with the praise of Lord Vasudev Vishnu. This is a Gupta carpet inscription. Thus, we see that the development of Vaishnavism in India has been happening since ancient times, and even at the present time there are a large number of followers of Vaishnavism in India
Research Productivity of Tibor Braun: An Analytical Chemist - cum - Scientometrician
No full textPublication productivity of the scientist (Tibor Braun) has been documented
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