1,053 research outputs found
Age-specific changes in sex steroid biosynthesis and sex development
No full textNormal male sex development requires the SRY gene on the Y chromosome, the regression of Mullerian structures via anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) signalling, the development of the Wolffian duct system into normal male internal genital structures consequent to testosterone secretion by the testicular Leydig cells, and finally, sufficient activation of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone by 5alpha-reductase. All these events take place during weeks 8-12 of gestation, a narrow window of sexual differentiation. Recent studies in human fetal development have demonstrated the early fetal expression of the adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) receptor and all steroidogenic components necessary for the biosynthesis of cortisol. These findings provide compelling evidence for the assumed pathogenesis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, diminished feedback to the pituitary due to glucocorticoid deficiency, subsequent ACTH excess, and up-regulation of adrenal androgen production with subsequent virilization. Another CAH variant, P450 oxidoreductase deficiency, manifests with 46,XX disorder of sex development (DSD), i.e., virilized female genitalia, despite concurrently low circulating androgens. This CAH variant illustrates the existence of an alternative pathway toward the biosynthesis of active androgens in humans which is active in human fetal life only. Thus CAH teaches important lessons from nature, providing privileged insights into the window of human sexual differentiation, and particularly highlighting the importance of steroidogenesis in the process of human sexual differentiatio
Sinirinnan kielellä : Nils-Aslak Valkeapään runouden suhde puhuttuun saamen kieleen
No full textAbstractThis paper illustrates and analyses the connections between spoken Saami and the lyric oeuvre of Nils-Aslak Valkeapää on several levels. Among other things, it provides examples of distinctive morpho-phonological, lexical and syntactic features as well as the use of punctuation marks, fonts, and other layout elements. Of the connections exemplified, the use of dialect in particular is regarded as a manifestation of the local identity of the poet, but the use of certain other features has clearly been motivated by stylistic and aesthetic considerations. As a contextualizing introduction, the author describes the difficulties of a minority writer who was never taught his native Saami language at school and whose first books were published amid the turmoil of constantly changing Saami orthographies. In addition, the role of dialects in Saami literature is discussed on a more general level.Abstract
This paper illustrates and analyses the connections between spoken Saami and the lyric oeuvre of Nils-Aslak Valkeapää on several levels. Among other things, it provides examples of distinctive morpho-phonological, lexical and syntactic features as well as the use of punctuation marks, fonts, and other layout elements. Of the connections exemplified, the use of dialect in particular is regarded as a manifestation of the local identity of the poet, but the use of certain other features has clearly been motivated by stylistic and aesthetic considerations. As a contextualizing introduction, the author describes the difficulties of a minority writer who was never taught his native Saami language at school and whose first books were published amid the turmoil of constantly changing Saami orthographies. In addition, the role of dialects in Saami literature is discussed on a more general level
The Philosophy of Social Market Economy: Michel Foucault's Analysis of Ordoliberalism
No full textMichel Foucault’s lectures at the Collège de France in 1978–1979 centered on the analysis of power with regard to liberalism. Foucault especially focused on German ordoliberalism and its specific governmentality. Although Foucault’s review of the ordoliberal texts, programs, and books is very faithful, there are some occasional “schematic” simplifications. Our paper will evaluate Foucault’s constitution of an ordoliberal “archive”, though more emphasis will be put on the general importance of the phenomenological orientation in Walter Eucken’s work. Hence, three tasks will guide our paper: first, an analysis of Foucault’s position; second, the phenomenological foundation of the ordoliberal discourse compared to the 18th century liberal discourse, i.e. the way in which Walter Eucken received Husserl. Third, our paper shall raise the subject of the mutual historical-epistemological complementation of philosophy and economics by taking Foucault’s analysis as the starting point. Furthermore, the consequences of a phenomenological, “eidetic” order of the economy will be discussed, focusing mainly on the expansion of competition in social domains. --Foucault,Husserl,Eucken,ordoliberalism,eidetic order of the market,social market economy
Plasma Renin Measurements are Unrelated to Mineralocorticoid Replacement Dose in Patients With Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
No full textThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, following peer review. The version of record Riccardo Pofi, Alessandro Prete, Vivien Thornton-Jones, Jillian Bryce, Salma R Ali, S Faisal Ahmed, Antonio Balsamo, Federico Baronio, Amalia Cannuccia, Ayla Guven, Tulay Guran, Feyza Darendeliler, Claire Higham, Walter Bonfig, Liat de Vries, Tania A S S Bachega, Mirela C Miranda, Berenice B Mendonca, Violeta Iotova, Màrta Korbonits, Nils P Krone, Ruth Krone, Andrea Lenzi, Wiebke Arlt, Richard J Ross, Andrea M Isidori, Jeremy W Tomlinson, Plasma Renin Measurements are Unrelated to Mineralocorticoid Replacement Dose in Patients With Primary Adrenal Insufficiency, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 105, Issue 1, January 2020, Pages 314–326, https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz055 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz05
The adaptive market hypothesis and time varying stock market return predictability in the DACH-countries
No full textauthor: Nils KaufmannMasterarbeit University of Innsbruck 201
The adaptive market hypothesis and time varying stock market return predictability in the DACH-countries
No full textauthor: Nils KaufmannMasterarbeit University of Innsbruck 201
The adaptive market hypothesis and time varying stock market return predictability in the DACH-countries
No full textauthor: Nils KaufmannMasterarbeit University of Innsbruck 201
Discovery of Novel Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in Forest and Grassland Soil Metagenomes
No full textSoil represents a significant reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which can potentially spread across distinct ecosystems and be acquired by pathogens threatening human as well as animal health. Currently, information on the identity and diversity of these genes, enabling anticipation of possible future resistance development in clinical environments and the livestock sector, is lacking. In this study, we applied functional metagenomics to discover novel sulfonamide as well as tetracycline resistance genes in soils derived from forest and grassland. Screening of soil metagenomic libraries revealed a total of eight so far unknown ARGs. The recovered genes originate from phylogenetically diverse soil bacteria (e.g., Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, or Proteobacteria) and encode proteins with a minimum identity of 46% to other antibiotic resistance determinants. In particular forest soil ecosystems have so far been neglected in studies focusing on antibiotic resistance. Here, we detected for the first time non-mobile dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) genes conferring resistance to sulfonamides in forest soil with no history of exposure to these synthetic drugs. In total, three sulfonamide resistant DHPSs, differing in taxonomic origin, were discovered in beech or pine forest soil. This indicates that sulfonamide resistance naturally occurs in forest-resident soil bacterial communities. Besides forest soil-derived sulfonamide resistance proteins, we also identified a DHPS affiliated to Chloroflexi in grassland soil. This enzyme and the other recovered DHPSs confer reduced susceptibility toward sulfamethazine, which is widely used in food animal production. With respect to tetracycline resistance, four efflux proteins affiliated to the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) were identified. Noteworthy, one of these proteins also conferred reduced susceptibility toward lincomycin
Nils-Aslak Valkeapää. A Powerful Poetic Manifestation
No full textNils-Aslak Valkeapää (1943–2001), or Áillohaš as he used as his artist name for a period of time, was the greatest Sámi multimedia artist. He made his debut as an author in 1971 with a book of essays, and is so far the only Sámi who has been awarded the prestigious Nordic Council’s literature prize, for his book of poetry and photographs Beaivi, áhčážan, 1989 (The Sun, My Father, 1997)
The Prevalence of Bipolar Disorders and Association With Quality of Life in a Cohort of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
No full textCo-author Nils Henninger is a doctoral student in the Millennium PhD Program (MPP) in the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS) at UMass Medical School.Clinical observations of mood instability in multiple sclerosis (MS) have led to the hypothesis that bipolar disorder (BD) may be more prevalent in persons with MS than in the general population. This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence of BD among patients with MS using standardized psychiatric diagnostic interviews and evaluates quality of life. This study demonstrates a higher prevalence of BD in patients with MS compared with the general population. It also reveals the negative impact of BD on quality of life, raises the concern that BD can occur before the onset of neurological symptoms in MS, and suggests that, in some cases, BD may delay diagnosis of MS.Millennium Ph
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