1,721,299 research outputs found
Chancen und Risiken für die nationalen Rentensysteme durch internationale Arbeitsmobilität
Full text linkIn zahlreichen Diskussionen wird immer wieder Zuwanderung als ein mögliches Instrument genannt, um die demographischen Probleme der umlagefinanzierten Rentensysteme in Europa zu lindern. Diese eingeschränkte Betrachtungsweise wird aber dem sehr viel weiterreichenden Phänomen der internationalen Arbeitsmobilität und ihrer Wirkungen auf die Rentensysteme nicht gerecht. In diesem Beitrag wird zunächst dargestellt, wie die wohlfahrtsteigernde Wirkung von Zuwanderung auf aggregierter Ebene zustande kommt und ob dies ausreicht, um auch politische Mehrheiten für Zuwanderung organisieren zu können. Zudem wird untersucht, ob nicht Reformen der Rentensysteme im nationalen Rahmen sehr viel entscheidender als Zuwanderungsfragen sind, nicht zuletzt da eine Abwanderung junger Menschen aus unattraktiver werdenden Sozialsystemen in Zukunft nicht mehr ausgeschlossen werden kann
Environmental migration governance at regional level
No full textThis chapter sheds light on the role of regional migration regimes in addressing the following questions: What is the role of regional frameworks in migration governance and how far have regional frameworks taken up the issue of environmentally induced migration? What is the relationship between regional, national and international governance? These questions are answred from a political scientist and legal perspective. The paper argues that the effects of climate change and environmental disaster on cross-border displacement are already felt, and they will affect predominantly countries of the same region in the coming years. Individual states are not full-equipped to protect persons affected by environmental changes and to deal with these phenomena a significant dynamism is developing at the regional level with the elaboration of specific instruments and policies. In the first part, the chapter will introduce such regional initiatives to identify domestic and international drivers behind their emergence and then it will zoom on the current development in Central America. In particular, by analyzing the current discussion of the RCM Guide to effective Practices for RCM Member Countries to understand the potential of this emerging approach in particular, the role of humanitarian temporary mechanisms, implemented at domestic level
Hit and (they will) run: The impact of terrorism on migration
No full textWe analyze the influence of terrorism on migration for 152 countries during 1976-2000. We find robust evidence that terrorism is among the 'push factors' of skilled migration, whereas it is not robustly associated with average migration. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Automated, semi-automated, and manual analyses of anti-cardiolipin and anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies in women with a history of miscarriage
No full textIntroduction Anti-cardiolipin and 2-glycoprotein I antibodies represent important diagnostic parameters in routine hematology. In this study, five different automated, semi-automated, and manual immunoassays detecting IgG/IgM anti-cardiolipin and anti-2-glycoprotein I antibodies were tested. Methods A total of 162 samples from women with a history of miscarriage were recruited from 110 different G&O outpatient centers in Germany. Results For both anti-cardiolipin and anti-2-glycoprotein I antibodies, considerable differences in the percentage of positive results were seen between all five methods, and itemization of all positive test results revealed a poor accordance. These findings were confirmed by Cohen's kappa coefficients. Conclusion Our study revealed a moderate to poor accordance between five different test systems for anti-cardiolipin and anti-2-glycoprotein I antibodies. Such deviations may result in clinical misinterpretation of data and may lead to wrong therapeutic consequences. Therefore, further standardization of all tests for anti-phospholipid antibodies should be achieved
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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