508 research outputs found
Copyright, contratto e accesso alla conoscenza: un’analisi comparata = Copyright, contract and access to knowledge: a comparative analysis.
No full textIl processo di digitalizzazione e lo sviluppo dei media, stravolgendo il paradigma tradizionale del copyright/diritto d’autore conducono a reazioni opposte. Da un lato, estendendo in vario modo l’ampiezza dell’esclusiva autorale favoriscono l’adozione di regole restrittive di accesso e uso dei contenuti; dall’altro, alimentano le logiche di condivisione, specie in alcune aree di produzione del sapere.
Il contratto, pur mutata la propria natura nella dimensione digitale, rappresenta la prima leva per l’affermazione di tali divergenti dinamiche, che, in entrambe le direzioni, riguardano anche la circolazione della conoscenza scientifica. Nel senso dell’apertura, lo strumento negoziale consente di perseguire i principi affermati dal movimento dell’Open Access (OA), abbattendo le barriere economiche e giuridiche all’accesso e utilizzo dei contenuti.
Dal deposito e pubblicazione su archivi istituzionali e disciplinari di opere transitate già attraverso i canali editoriali convenzionali, comunemente definita green road, alla pubblicazione su riviste ad accesso aperto, gold road, il fenomeno si sviluppa dal basso verso l’alto grazie alle dichiarazioni di principio e alle norme informali che hanno sin ora guidato le comunità accademiche nell’affermazione dell’OA. Di recente, tuttavia, i principi dell’OA sono oggetto di attenzione da parte del decisore pubblico che, pur timidamente, ne “impone” l’attuazione a tutte le comunità accademiche. Eppure, il diritto formale non sembra da solo sufficiente: è soltanto il primo tassello di una disciplina organica tesa a definire regole e incentivi per la produzione e la disseminazione della conoscenza scientifica, allo scopo di bilanciare la libertà “accademica” con il diritto di accesso alla conoscenza. = ENGLISH VERSION = Along with a comparative perspective that takes account of the U.S. and Italian law, this work aims to explore the interface between copyright and contract lae in publishing process.
In the current publishing environment, contracts and technology play a dominant role in the exploitation of copyrighted works. Publishers are granted by assignment of all copyright rights to reproduce and publish the work, but also to exercise control over its contents through technological protection measures. At the same time, mass digitization allows libraries and other organizations to make contents available online, which it entails a redefinition of the traditional publishing process and introduces new players to the scene (e.g., Google Books).
Hence, technology proves to be a powerful instrument for the spread of knowledge and it is on this pattern that Open Access (OA) is rapidly gaining ground.
Mostly based on a bottom-up approach that is on soft law, institutional policies and contracts, OA designs a new legal environment targeting the objectives of free accessibility, further distribution, and proper archiving of publications. These aims can be achieved through the creation of new open access business models to publish on OA journals (gold road) or to self-archive in institutional or disciplinary repositories works that have been originally published in conventional journals (green road).
However, in order for OA to be fully developed it is necessary to devise a principled and feasible approach to the dissemination of scholarly works against the current social, economic and legal background.
Indeed, the importance of OA is steadily recognized by legislators who integrate OA provisions into their legal system. This is an innovation of great significance, which was first fostered in the USA, and then extended in some European countries such as Italy and Germany in the European framework. Nevertheless, considering the different law systems, the formal law need to be combined with national strategies and institutional policies providing adequate incentives to the authors, while also promoting academic freedom and the right to knowledge access
Дифузія жанрів у сучасній літературі non fiction (за матеріалами «Щоденника артилериста» Г. Харченка
No full textУ статті досліджено питання жанрової дифузії щоденника на матеріалі збірки Геннадія Харченка. З’ясовано, чому жанрова модифікація складає частину сучасної документальної літератури та як сучасні автори поєднують в одному творі риси інших жанрів. Розвідка містить аналіз «Щоденника артилериста» як тексту, що має синкретичну природу, тут також визначено основні його риси
Economic Impact of Rural Development Plan 2007 2013 in Tuscany
No full textIn 2007 in every European Union region, involved in the planning of Rural Development Plan (RDP), an independent evaluator should asses the impact of the plan in term of value added and productivity. Each region has adopted different methodologies but few of them have followed the indications of Common and Monitoring Evaluation Framework (CMEF) to evaluate the net value deriving by direct and indirect effect. IRPET, the Independent evaluator of Tuscany, utilising REMI-IRPET model has assed the impact of RDP on the main economic variables until 2020. Among 30 different measures it has been chosen only 5 of them that cover more than 54% of total amount of public and private investments. The economic impacts are also evaluated at provincial level.evaluation, regional model, rural development, Community/Rural/Urban Development,
Lettera intorno alla sferistica, o sia, Giuoco alla palla degli antichi /
No full textSignatures: A-F⁸.Place and printer from colophon. Date is that of imprimatur.Mode of access: Internet.Binding, c. 2: coarse gray paper. Author and title "Lettera Intorno alla Sferistica" written on spine. Edges roughly trimmed.Binding, c. 1: coarse gray paper. Title "Giuco alla Palla" and author written on spine. Edges roughly trimmed. Bookplate of Sormani Andreani Verri
До історії розвитку освіти на Одещині: здобутки М. Куліша (на матеріалі ранньої публіцистики)
No full textУ статті розглянуто діяльність відомого українського драматурга М. Куліша у сфері освіти на Одещині, осмислено концептуальні погляди автора на систему української освіти на основі його публікацій. Запропоновано аналіз його прогресивних педагогічних поглядів, узагальнених думок про національну освіту в революційний та післявоєнний (1917-1920 рр.) період на фоні таких соціальних явищ, як голодомор і українізація та уявлень про освіту як соціальний інститут, який став фокусом всіх соціальних проблем, негараздів і помилок радянської тоталітарної системи на матеріалі ранньої публіцистики; встановлено її жанрово-стильові особливості, визначено взаємовплив його діяльності у сфері освіти та публіцистичної, художньої творчості, світоглядних принципів, відображення реальної, неспотвореної цензурою картини дійсності на Одещині періоду 1921-1924 рр.The author reviewed the activities of the famous Ukrainian playwrighter M.Kulish in the educational field in the Odessa region. In the article author considered the M.Kulish conceptual views on the system of Ukrainian education in his publications. It was proposed to analyze his progressive pedagogical views, systemic views about national education in the 1917-1920. This period was on the background of such social phenomena as the Holodomor (Famine) and Ukrainization, and the notions of education as a social institution, became the focus of all social problems, troubles and mistakes of the Soviet totalitarian system on the material of early journalism. Its genre-stylistic features were determined, were shown the significant influence of his activities in the field of education and journalistic, artistic creativity, ideological principles, reflection of the real, uncensored reality in Odesa region in the 1921-1924
Features of the chronotope in memoirs (based on Valeriy’s Shevchuk collection “At the shore of time. Those, who are nearby: Memoirs of Contemporaries”)
No full textУ ході написання розвідки й вивчення проблеми хронотопу в збірці
мемуаристики Валерія Шевчука «На березі часу. Ті, котрі поруч: Спогади
сучасників» осмислено природу мемуаристики як складника документальної
літератури. Було виявлено й проаналізовано особливості хронотопу з
огляду на композицію збірки, специфіку жанру, об’єкт відображення в
мемуарах, авторську позицію, тобто осмислено досліджувану категорію
в контексті парадигми культурологічного, історичного та літературного
підходів. Встановлено, що саме хронотоп (за М. Бахтіним) і допомагає в
мемуаристиці розкрити «дух і поняття часу», «час культури» (М. Коган)
через світоглядні й культурні цінності та позиції покоління, суспільні
настрої, систему образів, представити мемуарний твір як внутрішній і
зовнішній діалог автора з героями, читачами із самим собою та автора з
майбутніми поколіннями. Окреслено специфіку мемуаристики з точки
зору комунікації в національній культурі покоління шістдесятників з
попередниками та представниками сучасної свідомості.В процессе написания статьи и изучения проблемы хронотопа в сборнике
мемуаристики Валерия Шевчука «На берегу времени. Те, кто рядом:
Воспоминания современников» осмыслено природу мемуаристики как
составляющей документальной литературы. Выявлены и проанализированы
особенности хронотопа, учитывая композицию сборника, специфику жанра,
объект отражения в воспоминаниях, авторскую позицию, то есть осмысленно
исследуемую категорию в контексте парадигмы культурологического,
исторического и литературного подходов. Установлено, что именно
хронотоп (по М. Бахтину) и помогает в мемуаристике раскрыть «дух и
понятия времени», «время культуры» (М. Коган) через мировоззренческие
и культурные ценности и позиции поколения, общественные настроения,
систему образов, представить мемуарное произведение как внутренний
и внешний диалог автора и героев, автора и читателя, автора с самим собой,
автора и эпохи, автора и будущего. Определена специфику мемуаристики с точки зрения культурной коммуникации, социальной памяти поколения
шестидесятников и диссидентства и его диалог с современным сознанием.In the course of writing the survey and studying the problem of the chronotope
in the memoir collection by Valeriy Shevchuk “At the shore of time. Those, who
are nearby: Memoirs of Contemporaries”, the nature of memoirs as a component
of documentary literature was comprehended. The peculiarities of the chronotope
from an angle on the composition of the collection, the specifics of the genre,
the object of the image in memoirs, the author’s position were revealed and
analyzed, and subject, that was investigated, is interpreted in context of paradigm
with culturological, historical and literary approaches.
It is established that it is the chronotope (according to M. Bakhtin) that
helps to reveal the “spirit and concept of time”, “time of culture” in memoirs
(M. Kogan) through worldviews and cultural values and positions of the
generation, social sentiments, the system of images, we can defy the memoir as an
internal and external dialogue between the author and the characters, author and
reader, author and him or herself, author and era, author and future. The specifics of memoirs from the point of view of cultural communication are outlined, as
well as social memory of the generation of the sixties and dissidents and their
dialogue with modern consciousness.
Thus, in V. Shevchuk’s memoirs there is a combination of several times,
several generations of writers, cultural figures, critics, readers. The memoirist
pays especial attention to readers first of all of younger generation, which has
no idea of the historical vicissitudes of the time, so the author handles cultural
dialogue with the generation and even represents imaginary future in memoirs,
what is not inherent.
The past and present time of the author and staff gives an idea not only about
personalities, but also documents the literary process of the 1960s and 1970-1980 in
Ukraine and the era as a whole, the cultural rise. Here individual time and space are
intertwined with the public, the general. With retrospectives the author combines
several time intervals: author’s, individual and public space. Retrospective also
becomes plot and compositional outline of the text. The means of reproduction of
time and space are not only facts, documents, descriptions, but also a system of
images, even an artistic reproduction of the time image is presented
A European union and Canadian review of public health nursing preparation and practice.
No full textThis study explores the preparation and role of the public health nurse (PHN) across European Union (EU) countries (Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) and Canadian provinces (Alberta, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island)
The blind spots of secularization
No full textAccording to several international surveys Spain is among the western countries with the most negative views of Jews. While quantitative data on the topic accumulates, there is a significant lack of interpretative approaches that might explain the particular Spanish case. This paper presents the background, methodology and major results of a discussion group-based study on antisemitism, which was conducted in Spain in the autumn of 2009. The study identifies and locates in different socio-economic and ideological milieus the range of stereotypical discourses on Jews, Judaism and the Arab–Israeli conflict in Spain. Analysis of the group meetings shows that, despite growing secularization in Spanish society, the central explanatory variable for persisting and resurging antisemitism in this country is still religion in a broad cultural sense.N
Il danno alla persona
No full textIl saggio analizza il decisivo contributo di Renato Scognamiglio all'evoluzione del danno alla persona nell'ordinamento giuridico italiano. Dopo aver ripercorso gli studi dedicati da Scognamiglio al tema, il saggio verifica l'impatto di tali studi sulla della riflessione scientifica sul danno non patrimoniale e sugli orientamenti della giurisprudenza. L'autore propone una razionalizzazione e l'integrazione delle conclusioni oggi prevalenti al fine di ridurre, per quanto possibile, le oscillazioni interpretative e l'incertezza applicativa.The essay analyzes the decisive contribution of Renato Scognamiglio to the evolution of damage to the person in the Italian legal system. After having retraced the studies dedicated by Scognamiglio to the topic, the essay verifies the impact of these studies on the scientific reflection on non-pecuniary damage and on the orientations of jurisprudence. The author proposes a rationalization and integration of the conclusions prevalent today in order to reduce, as far as possible, the interpretative fluctuations and the applicative uncertainty
Artistic and publicistic component of modern military diaries (on the example of G. Kharchenko’s diary «An Artilleryman’s Diary»)
No full textУ процесі написання розвідки було досліджено жанрово-стильові, наративні особливості щоденника та їхню зумовленість основними етапами створення тексту з авторською метою. Встановлено, що комуніка тивні настанови та авторська концептуальність вплинули на поетику, різновид щоденника. Виявлено й проаналізовано особливості прояву в щоденнику художньо-публіцистичного начала, його функцій у тексті та впливу різних компонентів (творчого процесу, текстових, візуальних) матеріалів на сприйняття читацької аудиторії у висвітленні вищезазначеного питання. Виокремлено одну з особливостей тексту щоденника — гармонійного синтезу художнього, публіцистичного та документального складників.В процессе написания статьи были исследованы основные этапы создания дневника и его нарративные особенности. Установлено, что коммуникативные установки и авторская концептуальность повлияли на поэтику и типологию дневника. Обнаружено и проанализировано особенности проявления в дневнике художественно-публицистического начала, среди которых выделено пропаганду и контрпропаганду, апелляцию к истории, архетипу казачества, критическую установку на отображение реалий войны, использование спектра публицистических жанров (статья, некролог, портретный очерк, хроника и др.), эссеистический тип изложения, а также юмор и сарказм, образную систему и т. п. В тексте подняты актуальные проблемы общества, обусловленные войной: создание украинской армии, отсутствие национального самосознания и другие, инициированы социальный диалог, формирование общественного мнения и самоопределения каждого украинца. Художественное начало реализовано в элементах лиризации, эстетической ценности дневника (отображении ряда эмоций), композиционных особенностях (экспозиции, развитии событий, кульминации и т. п.), системе образов. В целом, художественные, публицистические и документальные признаки дневника гармоничны.In the process of survey writing, the main stages of creation and narrative features of the diary were investigated. It has been established that communicative guidelines and authorial conceptuality had influenced the poetics and typology of the diary. Despite the fact that some scholars recognize texts of this type as «works of art» and the analyzed work does not have a traditional diary composition, we classify this text as a diary-fixation of events, where the author is a combatant, eyewitness and participant in events, in some detail (in facts, documents, evidence) reflects the realities of war. At the same time, it is a socio-political diary, deliberately written by the author for publication. Focusing on a wide readership, publishing parts of the diary on social networks and online publications in the absence of objective information about the war led to the format of the presentation, genre features, influenced the chronology, lack of confession and privacy in the text, intimate moments and more. In addition, the diary clearly demonstrates the decline in the era of postmodern metanarrative (J.-F. Lyotard), in particular in the literature of non-fiction. The peculiarities of manifestation in the diary of artistic and publicistic origin are revealed and analyzed, among which there are the propaganda components, historical appeal, archetypes of Cossacks, critical attitude of reflection of the realities of war, usage of the spectrum of journalistic genres (article, obituary, portrait essay, etc.), essay type, presentation of humor and sarcasm, image system, etc. The text raises pressing social issues caused by the war: the development of the Ukrainian army, lack of national consciousness, etc., intensified social dialogue, the formation of public opinion, and self-determination of every Ukrainian. The artistic principle is implemented in the elements of lyricization, the aesthetical value of the diary (reflection of several emotions), compositional features (exposure, development of action, culmination, etc.), the system of images, and more. In general, artistic and publicistic components are harmoniously synthesized with the documentary component of the text
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