1,721,271 research outputs found
District-scale numerical analysis of settlements related to groundwater lowering in variable soil conditions
Full text linkThis study presents a novel framework in which numerical modelling contributes to the performance of district-scale, subsidence-induced damage assessment in cities where ground settlements affect entire quarters. Therein, the implementation of expeditious procedures offers geotechnical engineers the possibility of contributing beyond the typical site scale. For this purpose, several “typified” hydro-geomechanical-loading (HGL) models, which represent (simplified) scenarios of masonry buildings undergoing settlements, were set up to account for different predisposing or triggering factors (i.e., soil heterogeneity, loading conditions, and groundwater variations) of settlement occurrence in built-up areas. These models exploit multi-source, wide-area input datasets encompassing the hydro-mechanical properties of geomaterials, in situ investigations and measurements (e.g., groundwater levels in wells), and innovative remote sensing data (i.e., DInSAR techniques). With reference to a district in Rotterdam City (the Netherlands), which was built on “soft soils”, the numerical simulations of different scenarios (i) provide an overview of the comparative role of predisposing or triggering factors on settlement occurrence and (ii) allow assessments of the expected induced damage to masonry buildings over 30 years with the exploitation of fragility curves. Considering the widespread diffusion of such geohazards, the proposed approach could help prioritise (rather expensive) maintenance work to the built heritage within sustainable strategies for subsidence risk mitigation.Applied MechanicsGeo-engineerin
U. Jeggle, G. Korff, M. Scharfe, B. J. Warneken, eds., Volkskultur in der Moderne. Problemen und Perspektiven empirischer Kulturforschung
No full textGutwirth Jacques. U. Jeggle, G. Korff, M. Scharfe, B. J. Warneken, eds., Volkskultur in der Moderne. Problemen und Perspektiven empirischer Kulturforschung. In: L'Homme, 1988, tome 28 n°106-107. Le mythe et ses métamorphoses. pp. 332-333
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Editorial: Recent Advances in Flowering Time Control
Full text linkJung C, Pillen K, Staiger D, Coupland G, von Korff M. Editorial: Recent Advances in Flowering Time Control. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2017;7: 2011
Deformations and damage to buildings adjacent to deep excavations in soft soils
No full textThe objective of this study is to gain insight into mechanisms of soil-structure interaction for buildings adjacent to deep excavations and to find a reliable method to design and monitor deep excavations in urban areas with soft soil conditions. The research focuses on typical Dutch conditions. The main questions are: How can we predict the behaviour of one or more a deep excavation will be constructed? What kind of modelling and/or measurements can be used to predict this effect? This report describes the literature reviewed for this topic and several case studies related to the topic from literature. General damage assessment procedures are also given. Assessing the response of buildings to excavation-induced deformations involves a combination of geotechnical and structural aspects, such as green field displacements (2D/3D, caused by deep excavations), building behaviour, soil -foundation -building interaction, monitoring techniques and modelling techniques. Each of these topics is described in this study. Some of the conclusions from this literature survey are: - Several, mostly empirical, relationships are available to predict green field displacements, which do not always show improvement in the amount of settlement found behind the wall over the years, especially if soft clays are present. One should expect for a deep excavation in soft clay to find a wall deflection of about 0.5 -1.0% of the retaining height (for an average system stiffness and sufficient basal stability) and a settlement behind the wall of 1%H maximum. Margins of 50%-100% should be expected. Diaphragm walls with stiff supports tend to the lower bound of these numbers or can even perform at 0.2%H if installation and other effects are strictly controlled. - Damage to buildings can be assessed by several damage criteria. The use of relative rotation and deflection ratio are both widespread, but also widely discussed. It is important to be extremely clear on how rigid body rotation and overall translation have been incorporated in the calculation. - Rigid body rotation or building tilt, is a very important parameter when discussing excavation induced damage. Real rigid body rotation should be assessed in three dimensions and it should always be made clear exactly if and in what way tilt is considered. - Soil-foundation-structure interaction should be taken into account when damage is assessed. The amount of displacement transferred to the building depends on the stiffness of the building in axial and bending modes and the interface between soil and foundation and between foundation and building. Three different case studies are presented for the insight they provide in the soil-structure interaction caused by deep excavations, tunnelling or subsidence. Both ground deformations and building deformations have been collected. These cases show aspects of the relationship between deformation of the building and damage occurring
Case Studies and Monitoring of Deep Excavations
No full textSeveral case histories from Dutch underground deep excavation projects are presented in this paper, including the lessons learned and the learning processes involved. The focus of the paper is on how the learning takes places and how it is documented. It is necessary to learn in a systematic and active way from real and on-going projects because of the high failure costs in the industry, not excluding the underground construction part of it.Geo-engineerin
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