1,720,965 research outputs found
Influence of Bacillus spp culture supplementation through feed or drinking water on the performance of layer chiken
Get PDFThree thousands 65 weeks old layers were used and divided into 3 groups of 1000 birds, and further divided into 4 sum group (250 birds/group) as treatment replicates, and distributed randomly.Layer in group 1 were fed a basal diet + antibiotic (AB), group 2 were fed a basal diet + 10^9 CFU Bacillus spp culture (PB-M) and group 3 were fed a basal diet and Bacillus spp culture was supplemented in their drinking water (10^9 CFU/litre) (PB-A). The trial was conducted for 14 weeks (2 weeks adaptation period, 10 weeks the feeding treatments, and 2 weeks post treatment, where the AB group continues supplemented with antibiotic, while the PB-M and PB-A group, the Bacillus spp culture supplementation was withdrawned. During the treatment period,% HD production and its FCR of the bird supplemented with Bacillus spp culture were highly significant (P0.001) better than the one receiving antibiotic. There was no significant different between the PB-M and the PB-A groups. Prosentage HD production and its FCR during post treatment, the birds previously supplemented with Bacillus spp culture were remained significantly better than the one recieving antibiotic. The birds which were previously supplemented with Bacillus spp culture in the feed had significantly (P0.01) better % HD production and FCR.It is concluded that Bacillus spp culture, could be used to replace antibiotics as a growth promotor, it even gave better results. Key words: Antibiotic, Bacillus spp, laye
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Utilization of chitosan waste in chicken diet
Get PDFAn experiment has been conducted to determine the possibility of using waste from chitosan processing, which contain shrimp soluble, as poultry feed. The fresh waste was immediately mixed with wheat pollard (1:1, w/w) and sun dried. Another portion of the waste was stored, at low pH (4.5) for 1 month before sun drying. Experimental rations were formulated to be isoprotein (21%) and isoenergy (3000 kcal/kg), with 25% wheat pollard (R1), WPUL 26.3% (R2), wheat polard 12.5% (R3) WPUL 13.2% (R4), WPUB 13.2% (R5). Each ration was fed to 40 doc broiler, divided into 5 cages (4 male and 4 female/cage). Feed and water were given ad lib during the 4 weeks trial period. Body weight gain of treatment R2 (762.8 gram) was significantly (P 0.05) lower than the other treatments, while there was no significant difference between treatment R1 (817.2 gram), R3 (816.0 gram), R4 (839.2 gram) and R5 (830.1 gram). And the FCR values were significantly different (P0.05) between treatment R2 with R1, R3, R4, and R5, i.e. is 2.43; 2.24; 2.16; 2.16; and 2.06. Respectively it is concluded that chitosan waste, after sun drying and mixed with wheat pollard, could only be included in the formulation up to 13.2%.Key words : Chitosan waste, broile
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of humid acid on performance of broiler chicken
Get PDFAn experiment had been carried out to study the effect of supplementation of humic acid via drinking water as natural feed additive on the performance of broiler chickens, in order to find the replacement of antibiotic, which recently known had negative effect on the consumen. Three hundred and twenty of day old broilers were divided into 4 treatment groups: (I) control (without humic acid); (II), (III) and (IV) with 100, 200 and 300 mg l-1 humic acid in the drinking water, respectively. Each group consisted of 4 replications with 20 birds each replication. The drinking water contained 2 mg l-1 probiotic. The birds were kept in litter system; feed and water were given ad libitum for 5 weeks. The parameter measured were body weight gain, feed convertion ratio (FCR) and percentage of carcass. The treatments had a significant effect on both body weight gain (P0.05) and FCR (P0.05). Body weight gain of control (I) 1839 g head-1 5 weeks-1, with FCR 1.66 were poorer than that of the group received humic acid: 1882 g head-1 5 weeks-1, 1.66; 1881 g head-1 5 weeks-1, 1.64; and 1874 g head-1 5 weeks-1, 1.59 for treatments II, III and IV, respectively. There were no significant different (P0.05) between treatment II, III and IV neither on body weight gain nor FCR values.The treatments had no significant effect on carcass yield, 66.28 ± 1.78; 67.06 ± 3.11; 67.63 ± 2.06 and 67.68 ± 2.21% for treatments I, II, III and IV, respectively. It is concluded that humic acid has a potential effect as natural feed additive, which could improve growth and feed efficiency without affecting carcass yield. Key Words: Humic Acid, Natural Feed Additive, Broile
The chemical changing during fermentation of cassava tuber skin and its utilization in broiler chicken ration
Get PDFCassava tuber skin is a by-product of cassava chip industry, solid state fermented using mixed inorganic nitrogen and Aspergillus niger. The fermentation process was carried out for 3-4 days. The chemical changing during fermentation of cassava tuber skin and its utilization in broiler chicken ration were studied. After fermentation showed that the crude protein, crude protein digestibility, crude fat, ash, Ca, Ca digestibility, P, and P digestibility improved. The contents of crude protein and its digestibility improved from 4.80% and 66.90% to 28.00% and 72.00%, respectively. The crude fat content improved from 1.32% to 1.80%. The ash content improved from 7.80% to 9.20%, this was followed by improving of Ca and P from 0.97% and 0.11% to 1.69% and 0.68%, respectively. Also the Ca and P digestibilities improved from 81.10% and 14.10% to 93.20% and 52.00%, respectively. The crude fiber content decreased from 21,20% to 14,96 %, cianide acid (HCN) and urea contents also decreased. The result of feeding trial showed that the inclusion of fermented cassava tuber skin up to 10% in chicken broiler ration for 4 weeks feeding showed that the feed consumption, bodyweight gain and FCR were not different significantly (P0.05). However, 15% inclusion reduced bodyweight gain and increased significantly FCR (P0.05). It could be concluded that the nutrient content of cassava tuber skin improved after fermentation and the fermentation product could be used up 10% in broiler ration. Key words: Nutrient composition, cassava tuber skin, fermentation, broiler ratio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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