52 research outputs found
Caracterisation et rythme d'activite de la pyruvate carboxylase chez Leptosphaeria michotii (West) Sacc
No full textSIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : T 84771 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc
Immigrant-led foreign direct investment and the dynamics of cross-border capital allocation in Africa
No full textThis study investigates the effect of immigration on Foreign Direct Investment in 21 African countries between 1990 and 2021. Using random effects, fixed effects, and heteroscedasticity-based identification methods in a dynamic panel model, we found that countries with higher levels of past Foreign Direct Investment inflows and a higher proportion of Foreign Direct Investment-bound immigrants are more appealing to new investors. These findings encourage a critical examination of immigration policy aimed at promptly admitting skilled and enterprising immigrants while remaining committed to ethical principles, promoting social equity, and safeguarding fundamental human rights
CONTRIBUTION A LA MULTIPLICATION, PAR GRAINES ET PAR BOUTURAGE DE SEGMENTS DE TIGES ET DE RACINES, DE TROIS FRUITIERS SPONTANES DE LA REGION DES SAVANES AU TOGO : HAEMATOSTAPHIS BARTERI HOOK. F., LANNEA MICROCARPA ENGL. & K. KRAUSS ET SCLEROCARYA BIRREA
No full textIntroduction: The present work focused on the multiplication by seeds and cuttings of H. barteri, L. microcarpa, and S. birrea, three spontaneous fruit trees in decrease in Togo. Material and methods: Seeds and cuttings were taken from the savannas region in Togo. The multiplication essays were conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse in the University of Lomé. Germination essays were conducted using distilled water soaking, sulfuric acid treatment or mechanical scarification. Propagation by cuttings essays were conducted in greenhouse on soil taken from the Botany garden of the University of Lomé or sea sand previously treated with sulfuric acid and thoroughly rinsed with distilled water in presence of ¼ diluted Hoagland solution added with or not of IAA. Results: H. barteri seeds showed a low germination rate: 10% for freshly harvested seeds, 23% for seeds conserved for three months and 8% for one year seeds. L. microcarpa seeds sprout at 82% during the first week of harvest and lost viability about 14 weeks after harvest. For S. birrea germination rate increased from 50.12% when harvested to 69.18% and 74.6% for respectively 3 and 12 months after harvest and room conservation. For propagation using cuttings, only S. birrea was capable of multiplication in our essay conditions with a success rate of root cuttings of 71% for adult plants and 79.28 % for young plants. Conclusion: these results constituted very precious tools for production program of these 3 fruit trees for their sustainable conservation
Macroeconomic channels of transmission of post-pandemic recovery strategies for African economies
No full textThe Sar-Cov-2 pandemic that began in 2019 has significantly affected the global economy and, in particular, those of African countries. This paper analyzes possible intervention channels by African states to put their economies back on a sustainable growth path once the health crisis is under control. The paper proposes workable macroeconomic channels for these countries’ recovery from post-pandemic periods by using historical data to conduct empirical analyses. The paper employs World Bank data and ILOSTAT for 54 African countries within the period 1990–2018. We use a post-Keynesian framework and the difference and system generalized method-of-moments to show that wages drive African economic dynamics in the short run. This is particularly true for Sub-Saharan African countries. In addition, foreign output, proxied by European Union output, has a positive and significant impact on Sub-Saharan African economies in the short and long run. The results highlight strategic policy measures for recovering African economies, including improving wages and deepening international economic relations, particularly with the Eurozone countries
Impact du compostage sur la réhabilitation de la carrière de calcaire de Sika-Kondji (Togo) : effets sur l’attraction des animaux et sur la performance du maïs (Zea mays L.)
No full textL’exploitation minière contribue à la destruction du sol et de la biodiversité augmentant la pauvreté surtout dans les pays en voie de développement. La restauration d’une mine constitue une obligation pour un développement durable. Dans cette étude des déchets d’un site minier ont été valorisés pour attirer et maintenir certains animaux sur le site et fertiliser le topsol. Il ressort que les insectes sont plus liés aux composts C1 (déchets verts) et C2 (déchets verts et alimentaires) tandis que les composts C3 (déchets verts + calcaires et l’argile) et C4 (déchets verts + alimentaires + calcaires et argiles) attirent plus les amphibiens et les arachnides. Le tas du compost C2 est le plus visité par ces animaux (43 % par rapport aux individus totaux). L’analyse chimique des composts a montré que les composts C2 et C4 présentent les fortes teneurs en matière organique et en azote (1,20 et 0,75 % m.s.), en phosphore (0,45 et 0,38 % m.s.) tandis que les composts C1 et C2 présentent les plus fortes teneurs en potassium (0,48 et 0,60 % m.s.). En ce qui concerne les effets des composts sur la croissance et les paramètres agronomiques du maïs, les plantes cultivées sur les composts C1, C2 et C3 sont celles qui présentent les plus fortes performances. Les composts C1, C2 et C4 seront utilisés dans la restauration de la fertilité du topsol et de la biodiversité de la carrière de Sika-Kondji.Mining activities contribute to soil and biodiversity destruction and Increase poverty especially in developing countries. Restoring a mine in all its aspects after exploitation is a requirement method for sustainable development. The main objective of this study is to restore the fertility of a quarry soil and animals diversity using free wastes. Results indicated that three classes of animals have visited composts piles. They are amphibians, arachnids and insects. Insects are more related to composts C1 (green wastes) and C2 (green wastes + food wastes) while C3 (green wastes + limestone and clay) and C4 (green wastes + food wastes + limestone and clay) attract more amphibians and arachnids. C2 compost pile was most visited by animals (43 % relative to the total individuals). Chemical analysis showed that composts C2 and C4 present the high levels of organic matter, nitrogen (1.20 % and 0.75 ms) and phosphorus (0.45 % and 0.38 ms) contents while composts C1 and C2 have the highest levels of potassium (0.48 % and 0.60 m.s.). Concerning composts effects on agronomics parameters of maize, plants cultivated on composts C1, C2 and C3 are the best. Composts C1, C2 and C4 will be used in restoration programs of Sika-kondji mining site
Evaluation De Quatre Cultivars De Niebe (Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Pour Leur Resistance Au Deficit Hydrique Et A L’adventice Parasite, Striga Gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke Au Togo
No full textDrought and weed parasite Striga gesnerioides(Willd.)Vatke, are major constraints to cowpea production in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to examine the response of four cowpea (Vigna unguiculata(L.)Walp.)cultivars, VITOCO, VITA5, IT87D-10-10, and IT98K589-2 to water deficit, to a weed parasite S. gesnerioides and to determine the effect of this weed parasite on these cowpea cultivars under water deficit conditions. Pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse condition under artificial infestation at the Agronomic Experimentation Station of Lomé. The experimental design was a split-split-plot design with three replications of two levels of S. gesnerioides;(presence and absence) in main plot, four water regimes; (periodic watering of 5, 10, 15 and 20 days) in sub-plot, and the cultivars in sub sub-plot. Data were collected on yield components (number of seed per pod, number of pod per plant and seeds weight per plant). Data collected on parasitic plantdate of emergence and its rate of emergence per pot. Water deficit tolerance was evaluated by the rank summation index (RSI).The results showed that the water régimes of 10 and 15 days had significant depressive effect on all yield components. The number of S. gesnerioides emerged per pot ranged from 10.20 (VITOCO) to 48.60 (IT98K589-2). In addition, the infestation of S. gesnerioides showed a significant reduction of all yield components evaluated in all tested cultivars. Therefore, no cultivar proved to be resistant, nor tolerant to S. gesnerioides.The overall rankings of the evaluated cultivars in terms of growth and yield parameters studied revealed that the cultivar IT98K-589-2 showed the best adaptive response in drought condition. The results also revealed that, the significant negative effect of water deficit on the seeds weight per plant is exacerbated by the S. gesnerioides infestation
Valeur nutrition/santé de quelques espèces de légumineuses alimentaires mineures au Togo
No full text. Isolation, properties, intracellular localization and cyclic variations of its activity in relation to polypeptide level
No full textCaractérisation de 118 variétés de cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum) en condition de déficit hydrique au Togo: Characterization of 118 cotton varieties (Gossypium hirsutum) under water deficit conditions in Togo
No full textLe déficit hydrique est le principal facteur abiotique qui limite la productivité des cultures dans les conditions de l'agriculture pluviale. L’objectif de cette étude a été d’identifier les variétés de cotonnier (Gossypium. hirsutum) tolérantes au déficit hydrique au Togo. Pour cela, 117 accessions et une variété témoin de G. hirsutum ont été caractérisées sous les régimes hydriques optimal et déficitaire. Le dispositif expérimental a été un Alpha lattice avec 120 objets en trois répétitions. Onze caractéristiques agromorphologiques ont été mesurées. Les indices de sensibilité (DSI) et de tolérance (STI) au déficit ont été calculés. Les résultats ont révélé une grande variabilité au déficit hydrique au sein des accessions testées. Le déficit hydrique a entrainé une réduction du rendement en coton graine de 85%. Par ailleurs, nous avons noté qu’en condition de déficit, le rendement a été corrélé négativement avec le DSI et positivement avec les indices STI et GMP. Quatre groupes de variétés ont été distingués. Il s’agit des variétés tolérantes à haut ou faible potentiel de production et des variétés sensibles à haut ou faible potentiel de production. Les variétés tolérantes à haut potentiel de production constituent une source importante de géniteurs, pour l’amélioration de la résistance au déficit hydrique des variétés vulgarisées au Togo.
Drought is the major abiotic factor limiting crop productivity in rainfed agriculture conditions. This study aimed to identify cotton varieties (Gossypium hirsutum) tolerant to water deficit in Togo. For this purpose, 117 accessions of G. hirsutum and one check variety were characterized under optimal and deficit water conditions. The check variety was repeated three times to have 120 objects. The experiment was arranged in Alpha lattice design with 120 objects and three replications. Eleven agromorphological traits were measured. The water deficit susceptibility index (DSI) and tolerance index (STI) were calculated. The results revealed a high variability within the tested accessions to water deficit. The water deficit resulted in a 85% reduction in seed cotton yield due to a decrease in the number of capsules per plant and average capsular weight. The results also showed that, under deficit conditions, yield was negatively correlated with DSI and positively correlated with STI. Four groups of varieties were distinguished. These were tolerant varieties with high or low production potential; susceptible varieties with high or low production potential. The tolerant varieties with high production potential constitute an important source of genes for the improvement of the resistance to water deficit of the cotton cultivars of Togo
Amélioration de la croissance et des paramètres agronomiques du maïs (Zea mays L.) par des composts de déchets dans la carrière des calcaires de Sika-Kondji au Sud-Togo
No full textMineral resources exploitation is one of the main causes of soil degradation and pollution. Restoration of mines after exploitation is a priority of mining companies. In this work, we studied the possibility of using the putrescible and minerals wastes from a limestone plant of Sika-Kondji to fertilize the topsoil. Agronomic tests were conducted with corn to validate the potential of composts compared to a control. The results indicate that composts C1 (green waste), C2 (green waste + food) and C4 (food + green wastes + limestone and clay) allowed a good growth of plants relative to control. Plants grown on C2 and C4 composts presented the best agronomic performance. These composts are rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with a high electrical conductivity. These composts need to be improved and valued in the restoration program of Sika-Kondji mine.
Key words: Wastes, composts, restoration, topsoil, career, biodiversity.L’exploitation des ressources minières constitue l’une des causes principales de la dégradation et de la pollution du sol et tout ce qui le couvre. La restauration de la mine dans tous ses aspects après son exploitation est une préoccupation majeure des sociétés minières. Dans ce travail, nous avons étudié la possibilité d’utiliser les déchets putrescibles et minéraux d’une usine de calcaire dans la fertilisation du sol du site. Un test agronomique a été réalisé sur le maïs afin de valider le potentiel fertilisant des composts. Les résultats indiquent que les composts C1 (déchets verts), C2 (déchets verts + alimentaires) et C4 (déchets verts + alimentaires + calcaires et argiles) ont permis une bonne croissance des plantes par rapport au témoin. Les plantes cultivées sur les composts C2 et C4 ont présenté les meilleures performances agronomiques. Ces composts sont riches en matière organique, azote, phosphore et potassium avec une forte conductivité électrique. Ces composts méritent d’être améliorés et valorisés dans le programme de restauration du sol de la carrière.
Mots clés: Déchets, composts, restauration, topsol, carrière, biodiversité
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