63 research outputs found
The vocabulary of Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın's Novel 'Nadide'
Get PDFSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ana Bilim DalıHüseyin Cahit Yalçın'ın "Nadide" Romanının Söz Varlığı Türkçenin çeşitli dönemlerine ait pek çok metin üzerinde bu tür söz varlığı çalışmaları mevcuttur. Bu çalışma 1891'de Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın tarafından yazılan Nâdide adlı romana dayanmaktadır. Çalışmamız Gramatikal Dizin, Söz Varlığı Unsurları ve Sıklık Dizini olmak üzere üç bölümden oluşur. Çalışmanın ilk bölümü romanın gramatikal dizini içerir. Dizinde kelimelerin anlam ve kökenleri açıklanmıştır. İkinci bölümde söz varlığı unsurları verildi. Üçüncü bölümde sıklık dizinin yer verildi. Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın edebiyatımızın en çok yönlü yazarları arasındadır. Bu çalışmayla yazarın söz varlığını ortaya çıkarmayı ve Türkçe söz varlığına katkıda bulunmayı amaçladık.The Vocabulary of Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın's Novel "Nadide" There are many vocabulary studies on many texts belonging to different Periods of Turkish language. This work is based on the novel "Nadide" which is written by Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın in 1891. Our study is composed of three sections which are grammatical index, vocabulary elements and frequency index. Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın, among the most versatile writers of our literature. With this study, we aimed to exposing the vocabulary of the author and to contribute the vocabulary of Turkish language. The first part of the study contains a grammatical index of the novel. Origins and meanings of the words were explained in this part. In the second part vocabulary elements were given. In the third part we have given place to frequency index
Faculty of Business and Law School of Accounting, Economics and Finance ECONOMICS SERIES
No full textWhy is the world getting older? The influence of happiness on mortality Cahit Guven, Rudolph Saloumidis. The working papers are a series of manuscripts in their draft form. Please do not quote without obtaining the author’s consent as these works are in their draft form. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and not necessarily endorsed by the School or IBISWorld Pty Ltd. Why is the world getting older? The influence of happiness on mortalit
Intergenre relations in Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı's poems and stories
No full textYüksek Lisans Tezi“Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı?nın şiir ve Hikâyelerinde Türlerarası ilişkiler” olarak adlandırdığımız bu çalışmamızda Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı?nın şiir ve hikâyeleri türlerarasılık kuramı çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Giriş bölümünde tür, türlerarası ilişkiler kavramları açıklanmaya çalışılırken şiir ve hikâye türlerinin özelinde bağlantılar bütünü oluşturulmaya gayret edilmiştir. Türlerarası ilişkileri mümkün kılan şiir ve hikâye türlerinin yakınlıklarına değinilmiştir. Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı?nın yaşamı, kaleme aldığı eserlerin yanında şairliği ve hikâyeciliği de Birinci Bölüm?de ele alınmıştır. İkinci Bölüm?de ise Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı?nın şiir ve hikâyeleri ölüm, yaşama sevgisi, aşk, yalnızlık, doğa, kadın, bohem hayat ve içki, geçmişe özlem temaları etrafında izleksel bir incelemeye tabi tutulmuştur. Üçüncü Bölüm?de türlerarasılık gereği ortak temalar etrafında incelenen şiir ve hikâyeler arasında geçişkenliklerden, bağlantılardan ve ilişkilerden bahsedilmiştir. Bahsedilen izleklerin yanı sıra eserlerdeki yakınlığı sağlayan mekân, motif, imge ve üslup benzerlikleri de çalışmamıza girmiştir. Ayrıca yazarın yaşam öyküsü de eserler arasında ilişki kuran bir öge olarak düşünülmüştür. Eserler aynı yazarın kaleminden çıkmasından dolayı bir bütün olarak görülmüş ve türlerarası ilişkiler adı altında değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde de nihaî bir çizgi üzerinde durularak çalışmamızda elde edilenler ortaya konulmuştur. Kaynakça kısmında çalışmanın temelini oluşturan eserler ile inceleme boyunca yararlanılan ve değinilen kaynaklar sıralanmıştır.In this study, which we named as “Intergenre Relations in Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı's Poems and Stories”, Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı's poems and stories were discussed within the framework of the theory of intergenre. In the Introduction section, while the concepts of genre and intergenre relations were tried to be explained, the overall connections were tried to be put forward in terms of poem and story genres. The connections regarding poem and story genres that make intergenre relations possible were mentioned. As well as Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı's life and pieces that he wrote, his style of writing poems and stories were also discussed in Section One. In Section Two, the poems and stories of Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı were subjected to a thematic examination around the themes of death, love of life, love, loneliness, nature, woman, bohemian life and drink, nostalgia. In Section Three, the transitivities, connections and relations between the poems and stories examined around the common themes by the nature of intergenre theory were mentioned. In addition to the aforementioned themes, the space, motif, image and style similarities that provide the connection in the works were also included in our study. In addition, the writer's life story was considered as an element that established a relationship among the works. The works were seen as a whole since they were written by the same author and evaluated under the name of intergenre relations. In the conclusion section, the results obtained in our study were presented based on a final line. In References section, the works forming the basis of the study and the sources used and mentioned during the examination were listed
Replication Data for: The Relationship Between Respiratory Complaints and Urine Aluminum Levels in Aluminum Factory Workers
No full textABSTRACT
Background: It is known that foundry asthma and pneumoconiosis occur as a result of occupational exposure to aluminum. It is important to investigate the exposure conditions and duration in field studies.
Aim: The study aimed to investigate the forms and conditions of respiratory effects in workers working in an Aluminum Profile Factory.
Study Design: Prospective case-control study
Method and materials: All male (42 persons, mean age: 32.2 ± 6.9) workers working in an Aluminum Profile Factory in Adapazarı were compared with 33 control subjects who were not exposed to aluminum. The urinary aluminum levels of the workers (10.7 ± 8.8 mcg/lt) were significantly higher than the control group (2.2 ± 0.8) (p<0.001).
Complaints of cough (52.4%), sputum (59.5%), shortness of breath (40.5%) and wheezing (40.5%) were statistically significantly higher than the control subjects. In aluminum workers, those with dyspnea had a significantly higher urinary Al level than those without dyspnea (13.5 µgr/lt vs 8.7 µgr/lt, p=0.048).
Discussion: It is thought that primary and secondary prevention are both important in the workplaces with aluminum exposure. Urinary aluminum level monitoring could be key to protecting the respiratory health of the workers.
Key Words: Respiratory functions, Urine Aluminum level, Aluminosis, Aluminum foundry, Aluminum workers
INTRODUCTION
Aluminum is a metal that finds widespread use in industry due to its lightness, flexibility and formability. Occupational exposure to dusts containing aluminium, aluminum oxides or hydroxides, in the metal industry (during welding, grinding and polishing during the production or processing of Al powder); foundries (melting, casting, cleaning, spraying); and factories handling certain materials (such as spray-on metals) are observed during work or when covering surfaces1. In the production of Al powder, as well as in Al foundries and the welding and crushing of Al-containing material, high concentrations of respirable Al are released into the environment.
Due to the low solubility of aluminum-containing powders, aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide dust particles can accumulate in and disrupt the clearance of the lung, causing inflammation in the surrounding tissue and eventually fibrosis. Occupational exposure to aluminum has been reported to be related to the development of pneumoconiosis (Aluminosis), asthma, alveolar proteinosis, lung cancer, granulomatous disease, chronic bronchitis, acute tracheobronchitis, and pneumonia 2, 3.
In studies evaluating aluminum exposure by measuring plasma and urinary Al levels, clear data on whether there is a correlation is unavailable. However, in some studies conducted in Al powder production and in welders, blood and urine Al concentrations were in a linear relationship 4, 5.
For individuals without occupational exposure, urinary Al levels are generally < 15 μg/l. Occupational exposure studies have reported that 1000 μg/l of Al was excreted in the urine and 500 μg/l of Al in welders after inhalation of Al powder 6, 7.
Our study aimed to compare the employees of a factory producing Al profile with controls working in the same workplace in terms of working conditions, respiratory complaints, pulmonary function tests and urine Al levels. In addition, we aimed to evaluate respiratory effects related to Al in terms of its relation with urinary Al levels.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted between 01.11.2015 and 31.04.2016.
All male (42 persons, mean age: 32.2 ± 6.9) workers working in the Aluminum Profile Factory in Adapazarı were compared with 33 control subjects (mean age: 30.0 ± 7.9) who were not exposed to aluminum.
At the aluminum facility in Sakarya, where the study was conducted, approximately 480 workers work in production, mostly in the hot extrusion and press sections, and in the electrostatic paint shop and anodized coating departments. In addition to these workers, about 50 people work in the transportation division and offices. A working group was formed from 42 volunteers working in production, while a control group was formed from 33 volunteers working in office and transport.
Patients were informed about the study in advance, and those who wanted to participate in the study filled out a voluntary consent form. Exposure History form and ATS-DLD 78 respiratory questionnaire were completed by all volunteers. The control and study groups were transported to the health center in groups, and examinations were performed.
Pulmonary Function Tests
Spirometric pulmonary function tests and carbon monoxide diffusion test (DLCO) were performed using a CareFusion Hoechberg / Germany (model MASTERSCREEN™ PFT) in all cases at the Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases Pulmonary Function Test Laboratory.
At the beginning of pulmonary function evaluation, Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) measurements were done 8. The single-breath carbon monoxide technique was used for diffusion measurement. The DLCO maneuver was initiated by the patient's non-forced expiration up to the residual volume (RV) level. Inspiration was performed rapidly from the RV level to the patient's total lung capacity (TLC). The volume reached during this inspiration should be 85% of the patient's maximal vital capacity (VC). The inspiratory time should also be less than 4 seconds. Then, each patient was asked to hold his breath for 10 ± 2 seconds at TLC level 9.
Manufacturing Process in the Aluminum Factory
The stages of Al profile production include melting, molding, extrusion with high heat, coating and painting.
Determination of Aluminum in Urine
Principle: Urine was mixed with Vortex. It was incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature, read at 522 nm against the blank in the DR 6000 HACHLANGE spectrophotometer. Urine aluminum level was first read in terms of µg/L on the spectrophotometer. This value was then calculated in terms of µg/24-hour urine. The normal level in 24-hour urine is 0-20 µg/24 hours. The following reagents were used: Hach Lange Permachem Reagent GmbH Düsseldorf –Germany 1. Ascorbic Acid Cat. 14577-99 Pk/100 2. AluVer 3 Aluminum Reagent Cat. 14290-99 Pk/100 3. Biaching 3 Reagent Cat. 14294-49 Pk/100 4. Standard 100 ± 1 mg/L Cat. 14174-42
Statistics
The SPSS-21 package program was used for statistical evaluations. Appropriate descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) were applied according to the types of all data included in the study. Independent Samples t-test was used for the intergroup comparison of the variables that met the parametric test assumptions, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for the intergroup comparison of the variables that did not. Fisher Exact and Pearson Chi-square tests were used to compare categorical variables. In logistic regression analysis, covariants with independent effects on qualitative parameters were investigated. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
A total of 42 workers working in the Aluminum Profile Factory and 33 control group workers were compared. All aluminum workers and the control group both consisted entirely of men. While the mean age of the workers was 32.2 (min:21, max:53), the mean age of the individuals in the control group was 30.1 (min:18, max:46). While the mean body mass index (BMI) of the workers was 26.3 (min: 20, max: 36), the mean BMI of the individuals in the control group was 24.8 (min: 17.7, max: 31). The working period of the workers was 4.8 years (min:2, max:8), which was significantly shorter than the control group (10.1 years, min:1,max:22) (p<0.001).
The mean urinary Al level of the Aluminum Profile Factory workers was 10.7 ± 8.8 µgr/lt, and that of the individuals in the control group was 2.2 ± 0.8 µgr/lt (p<0.001).
The workplace and working conditions of workers and controls are shown in Table 1.
Workers at foundries have reported exposure to dust, chemicals and fumes in the workplace environment. Preventive measures in workplaces are not sufficient. Absence from work for more than one day due to work-related reasons was observed at a rate of 40%. The rate of job change due to health problems was low (7.1%).
Respiratory complaints of the workers and controls and the relationship of the complaints with the workplace are shown in Table 2.
The rates of cough, sputum, sputum production for more than 3 months a year, dyspnea, wheezing and smoking were significantly higher in the foundry workers. Complaints were also more likely to worsen at work and improve during holidays and weekends.
The mean percentage expected FVC value of the workers (93.4% to 101.4%, p=0.019) was significantly lower than the controls (Pulmonary function data was not shown).
Urine Al values according to the presence of basic respiratory complaints in aluminum workers were compared in Table 3.
In aluminum workers, those with dyspnea had significantly higher urinary Al levels than those without dyspnea (13.5 µgr/lt vs 8.7 µgr/lt, p=0.048).
In the linear regression analysis, when age and smoking cofactors were taken into account, the presence of dyspnea was found to be independently effective on urinary Al levels (p=0.012, B=0.095, Exp (B)= 1.100, 95% C.I. for EXP (B)= 1.021-1.186).
Workers with dyspnea had a lower mean expected FVC than those without (84.1% vs 99.5%, p=0.004). The mean expected FEV1 of workers with dyspnea was lower than those without (79.8% vs. 97.8%, p=0.005).
There was no significant correlation between urinary Al levels of aluminum workers and respiratory function values. There were no significant differences in pulmonary function between smokers and non-smokers (results not shown).
DISCUSSION
In sectors in which Al is processed in different ways, the diseases and disorders caused by the Al dusts and the fumes containing Al in the respiratory system have been widely reported in the literature. However, in a small number of studies investigating the relationship between respiratory function disorders caused by occupational exposure to Al and Al levels in body fluids, it was observed that respiratory functions did not deteriorate despite high Al levels in the urine of workers 10, 11. In our study, the urine Al levels of the workers working in profile making with Al and working in casting process, heating and sanding of Al-containing material were higher and the mean % expected FVC values were significantly lower than the control group. Urinary Al levels were also significantly higher in workers with dyspnea, and the presence of dyspnea had an independent effect on urinary Al levels. Since urine Al level measurement is a noninvasive examination, more studies should be done examining its usage in monitoring work areas exposed to Al.
Studies reporting respiratory effects from occupational exposure to Al have also reported that complaints increased as the duration of the study increased. Chan-Yeung, in a study in Canada involving 1510 workers, found the frequency of coughing in the foundry to be 22.6% among those with heavy exposure and 14% among those with low exposure, while the frequency of wheezing was 17.1% and 10.5%, respectively. Researchers found no cases of asthma . Søyseth reported that longer working time led to 2 to 4 times more wheezing and chest pressure complaints among aluminum casting workers than in non-exposure groups 12. VanRooy et al., in their study of 182 Al casting workers, found the average daily respirable dust, metals, hydrogen fluoride, fluoride salts, sulfur dioxide values below the reference values in the workplace. However, intermittent CL gas was also observed in the workplace due to disruptions in the production process. Recurrent dyspnea (1.8%), wheezing (1.4%), asthma attacks (2.8%), and physician-diagnosed asthma (2.6%) were observed at different rates in workers 13. In our study, cough was observed in 52.4%, sputum 59.5%, wheezing 40.5% and dyspnea complaints in 40.5% of the workers. Respiratory complaints, which were more than 40% in our study group compared to the controls, and the fact that the symptoms were higher despite the short working time made us think that the protective measures in the relevant workplace were not sufficient.
Chan-Yeung, in their study examining Al smelters, found that the FEV1 and MMEF values adjusted for age, height and smoking factors were significantly reduced in the comparison of heavily exposed smelters with controls. Although the respiratory functions of the workers with moderate exposure were lower than the controls, the difference was not significant. In this study, ambient dust and gas measurements were within normal ranges. 14.
In a study by Choupani in Al smelters, Al exposure was evaluated by comparing urine Al levels and ambient Al measurements. Mean urine Al levels among workers in foundries in two different departments were 45.8 and 47.02 µgr/lt, and were significantly higher than the controls. However, there was no significant correlation between ambient Al particles and urine Al levels 15. In our study, while the average urinary Al level of the workers of the Aluminum Profile Factory was 10.7, it was 2.2 µgr/lt in the individuals in the control group. However, since the workers in our study were not only from the casting department, but also from the surface coating, hot forming, molding and paint shop departments, it may be that Al exposure may be generally lower than those observed in the study by Choupani. However, a limitation of our study was that ambient Al and other dust measurements were not performed, meaning that exposure has been evaluated only by measuring urine Al levels.
CONCLUSION
Urinary Al levels were high and FVC was low in workers of a factory producing aluminum profiles when compared to controls. There were no significant correlations between respiratory function and urinary Al level. Urinary Al levels were significantly higher among workers with dyspnea. It is suggested that the use of urinary Al levels for monitoring be evaluated by further studies as a noninvasive exposure monitoring method.
Acknowledge: This study is an extended version of the study titled “Pulmonary functions, respiratory complaints and radiographic findings in aluminum foundry workers” presented at the European-Respiratory-Society (ERS) International Congress 2017. DOI: 10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.PA4786
Thanks: Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, studying aluminum levels in urine. We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Mehmet Akdoğan for his efforts.
Ethics Committee Approval: The study was approved by Düzce University Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee (ethics committee file no.: 2015/60 dated 06.10.2015)
Data Sharing Statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request
Authors’ Contribution: CB and PA conceived, designed and performed statistical analysis and editing of the manuscript. CB, PA, EGB, ANA & ÖB performed data collection and wrote the manuscript. PA and CB performed the review and gave final approval.
Grant Support & Financial Disclosures: None
Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors
Funding: The authors declared that this study received no financial suppor
MASALDAN ŞİİRE VE HİKÂYEYE: CAHİT SITKI'NIN ABBAS HİKÂYESİNİ METİNSELAŞKINLIK İLİŞKİLERİ KURAMI'NA GÖRE ANLAMLANDIRMA
No full textÖz: Şair kimliği ağır basan Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı (1910- 1956), bazı şiirleriyle paralellik gösteren hikâyeler de yazmıştır. Bu çalışmada Cahit Sıtkı Tarancının Abbas adını taşıyan hikâyesi, Gerard Genettein metinlerarası ilişkileri açıklamak için önerdiği Metinselaşkınlık İlişkileri Kuramına göre çözümlenmiştir. Genette, kuramında metinlerarasılık (intertextuality) ana-metinsellik (hypertextuality), yan-metinsellik (paratextuality), üst-metinsellik (architextuality) ve yorumsal üst-metinsellik (metatextuality) olmak üzere beş metinselaşkınlık (transtextuality) ilişkisinden söz etmiştir. Çalışmada, Tarancının Abbas hikâyesi metinlerarası ilişkiler bakımından bu beş metinselaşkınlık ilişkisi çerçevesinde yeniden anlamlandırılmıştır. Hikâye metni Ana metin/ hypertext ; şiir ile çocukken dinlenilmiş olan masal metni, alt metin/ hypotext kabul edilmiştir. Yan-metinsellikte yazarın eserine seçtiği başlık vasıtasıyla ilişki kurduğu diğer metinler tespit edilmiş, üst-metinsellikte eserin ait olduğu yazınsal tür belirtilmiş, yorumsal üst-metinsellikte yazarın başka metinlerinde Abbas hikâyesi ve alt metinleri hakkında yaptığı değerlendirmeler üzerinde durulmuştur. Şair, kolektif bilinçdışının ürünü olan masal metinlerine gönderimde bulunarak ve kendi oluşturduğu eserler arasında güçlü bir iletişim ağı yapılandırarak hem eserlerinin kalıcı olmasını ve geniş halk kitleleri tarafından benimsenmesini sağlamış hem de yaşadığı derin aşk acısına art zamanlı gelişim çizgisinde geçmiş, hâl ve geleceğe ait bütün insanlığı ortak kılmıştır. Çalışmada, sanatçıların, kalıcı eserler bırakabilmek için metinlerarası ilişkiler vasıtasıyla kendilerinden öncekiler ile kendilerinden sonrakiler arasında farklı bir duyuş tarzı oluşturarak yeni bir köprü/ eşik oluşturmak istediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştırAbstract: Known as a strong poet, Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı (1910- 1956) also wrote short stories which were parallel with his poems. In this study, Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı s short story Abbas has been analysed in accordance with The Transtextual Relations Theory put forward by Gérard Genette in order to reveal intertextual relations in literary texts. In his theory, Genette has regarded intertextuality as one of the five transtextuality relations including hypertextuality, paratextuality, architextuality and metatextuality. In the study, Tarancı s Abbas short story is regarded as the hypertext; his Abbas poem and a folk tale -which was listened by Tarancı from his grandmother when he was a child- as the hypotext. The work has been analysed in terms of not only the hypertextuality relation but also other transtextual relations. In paratextuality, other texts that the author interrelates by means of the title he s chosen for his work have been determined; in architextuality the literary form of the work has been stated and in metatextuality the evaluations of the author that he made about Abbas short story and its hypotexts in other texts, have been stressed. Establishing transtextual relations between folk tales and his own works of art, Tarancı provided endlessness to his creatures and share his heartbreak of love with all the people. The result of the study is that the artists who want to be a bridge between successors and predecessors of them, establish intertextual relations for creating endless work of arts
From Folk Tale To Poem And Short Story: An Attempt Of Remeaning Cahit Sıtkı’s Abbas Short Story With The Transtextual Relations Theory / Masaldan Şiire ve Hikâyeye: Cahit Sıtkı’nın Abbas Hikâyesini Metinselaşkınlık İlişkileri Kuramı’na Göre Anlamlandırma
No full textKnown as a strong poet, Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı (1910- 1956) also wrote short stories which were
parallel with his poems. In this study, Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı’s short story Abbas has been analysed
in accordance with “The Transtextual Relations Theory” put forward by Gérard Genette in order
to reveal intertextual relations in literary texts. In his theory, Genette has regarded intertextuality
as one of the five transtextuality relations including hypertextuality, paratextuality, architextuality
and metatextuality. In the study, Tarancı’s Abbas short story is regarded as the hypertext; his
Abbas poem and a folk tale -which was listened by Tarancı from his grandmother when he was a
child- as the hypotext. The work has been analysed in terms of not only the hypertextuality relation
but also other transtextual relations. In paratextuality, other texts that the author interrelates
by means of the title he’s chosen for his work have been determined; in architextuality the literary
form of the work has been stated and in metatextuality the evaluations of the author that he made
about Abbas short story and its hypotexts in other texts, have been stressed. Establishing transtextual
relations between folk tales and his own works of art, Tarancı provided endlessness to his
creatures and share his heartbreak of love with all the people. The result of the study is that the
artists who want to be a bridge between successors and predecessors of them, establish intertextual
relations for creating endless work of arts
The vocabulary in the novel hayâl i·çinde by Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın
Get PDFSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ana Bilim DalıHüseyin Cahit Yalçın, Servet-i Fünûn edebiyatının önemli nesir yazarlarından biridir. Yalçın, 1901 yılında "Hayâl İçinde" adlı bir roman yazmıştır. Çalışmamız bu romanın söz varlığı hakkındadır. Çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır: Gramatikal Dizin, Söz Varlığı Ögeleri ve Sıklık Dizini. Yazar ve söz varlığı ögeleri hakkındaki bilgiler girişte verilmiştir. Dizin bölümünde metindeki sözcüklerin anlamlarına ve kökenlerine yer verilmiş, ayrıca özel adlar için bir dizin oluşturulmuştur. İkinci bölümde metinde tespit edilen söz varlığı ögeleri sınıflandırılmıştır. Son bölümde metnin sıklık dizini bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonunda ise roman metnine yer verilmiştir.Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın is one of the important prose writers of Servet-i Fünûn Literature. He wrote a novel named "Hayâl İçinde" in 1901. Our study is about vocabulary of this novel. This study comprises three sections : Grammatical Index, Vocabulary Elements and Frequency Index. Informations about the author and the vocabulary elements have been given in the introduction. The Index part include meanings and origins of the words that are present in the text. Besides, for the proper nouns an index has been created. In the second part, vocabulary elements that detected in the text has been classified. There is a frequency index in the last section. At the end of the study, given place to the text of the novel
The novels of Fakir Baykurt in terms of Turkish vocabulary
No full textYazıcı Okuyan, Hülya, The Novels of Fakir Baykurt in Terms of TurkıshVocabulary, Ph. D. Dissertation, Advisor: Prof.Dr. Cahit Kavcar, 401p.ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to put forward, basic themes, images andconcepts of the author Fakir Baykurt that reflect his world opinion in terms ofthe relation between vocabulary and style.In this respect, first of all, all vocabulary elements (proverbs, idioms,doublings, local vocabulary) were determined in all the novels written by theauthor between 1958-1999, and basic themes, images and concepts(village and villager, woman, sexuality, education, teacher, poverty, wealth,migration, German image, ignorance and superstitious beliefs) repeated inevery novel were determined. The data used in the research were obtainedby descriptive study method including scanning model, dictionary field studyand were interpreted taking into consideration the author?s all works, artcomprehension and philosophy. In this interpretation, the functions ofthemes, images and concepts in the contexts they were used were taken intoconsideration also.As a result, it is seen that vocabulary elements used in the novels canbe more productive in reflecting author?s stylish properties and determiningbasic themes, images and concepts of this style with a more objectiveapproach. Besides, in this research, lots of proverbs, idioms, doublings andlocal vocabulary values that reflect Turkish language?s rich expressioncapabilities and form Baykurt?s individual vocabulary were exposed. Thesevocabulary elements, most of them not existing in resources, will contributeto Turkish language?s description power.Bu araştırmada, Fakir Baykurt'un sözvarlığı ve biçemi arasındaki ilişkiçerçevesinde, yazarın dünya görüşünü yansıtan temel izlek, imge ve kavramlarınortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.Bu amaç kapsamında, öncelikle yazarın 1958-1999 tarihleri arasında yazdığıbütün romanlarındaki sözvarlığı ögeleri (atasözleri, deyimler, kalıp sözler, ikilemeler,yerel ağızlara ait sözvarlığı) saptanmış ve her romanda belirgin bir biçimde tekraredilen temel izlek, imge ve kavramlar (köy ve köylü, kadın, cinsellik, eğitim,öğretmen, yoksulluk, varsıllık, göç, Alman imgesi, cehalet ve batıl inanç)belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan ve kurgusal bir yapı üzerinde, tarama modelindebetimsel bir çalışmayı içeren yöntem uyarınca elde edilen veriler, sözlüksel alançalışması yapılarak ve yazarın ele alınan tüm yapıtları, sanat anlayışı ve felsefesi degöz önünde bulundurularak yorumlanmıştır. Bu yorumlamada, değerlendirilmeyealınan izlek, imge ve kavramların kullanıldıkları bağlamlardaki işlevleri de göz önündetutulmuştur.Sonuçta, romanlarda kullanılan sözvarlığı ögelerinin, yazarın biçemininözelliklerinin yansıtılmasında ve bu biçemin değişmezleri sayılabilecek temel izlek,imge ve kavramların belirlenip betimlenmesinde daha nesnel bir yaklaşımla çokdaha üretici olabileceği görülmüştür. Bununla beraber bu çalışmada, Türkçeninzengin anlatım olanaklarını yansıtan ve Baykurt'un bireysel sözvarlığını oluşturanpek çok atasözü, deyim, kalıp söz, ikileme ve yerel söz değerleri de ortayaçıkarılmıştır. Birçoğu kaynaklarda bulunmayan bu sözvarlığı ögeleri Türkçeningerçek sözvarlığının betimlenmesine katkı sağlayacaktır
An analysis on the novels of Burhan Cahit Morkaya until the alphabet revolution
No full textÖZET Burhan Cahit Morkaya, 1892 yılında İstanbul doğmuştur. Lise tahsilini Mercan İdadîsi'nde, yüksek öğrenimini Mekteb-i Mülkiye'de tamamlayan yazar, yaşamı boyunca memuriyette hiç bulunmamıştır. Burhan Cahit, 1946 seçimlerinde meclise girmiş, askerlik probleminden dolayı, seçim mazbatası 1947'de Meclis tarafından reddedilmiştir. Yazarın edebiyata ilgisinin ne zaman başladığı bilinmemekle birlikte gazeteciliği, Mülkiye'deki öğrencilik yıllarında başlamıştır. Yazar, 1909'da başlayan gazeteciliğini, 1946 yılına kadar hiç ara vermeden devam ettirmiştir. Yeni Gazete, Servet-i Fünûn, Vatan, Son Posta, Milliyet gibi gazetelerde çalışan yazar, Karagöz, Millet, Milliyet ve Köroğlu gazetelerini ise çıkartan Burhan Cahit'in yazı hayatı, gazetecilik ve romancılık olarak ikiye ayrılır. Gazetecilik yazar için asıl iş, romancılık ise gazetecilikle birlikte yürütülen bir iştir. Yazarın çıkartmakla övündüğü Köroğlu gazetesi, onun yazı hayatının son durağıdır. Burhan Cahit, 1949'da bir kalp rahatsızlığından dolayı vefat etmiştir. Yazar, evvela gazeteci, sonra romancıdır. Sayıları kırka yaklaşan romanları ile çıkarttığı ve idare ettiği gazetelerde yayınladığı binlerce makalesiyle Burhan Cahit, tarihî bir şahsiyettir. Çalışmamız, yazarın, Harf İnkılabı' ndan önce neşredilmiş olan yedi romanının incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesine ayrılmıştır. Çalışmamız, üç bölümden oluşur. İlk bölümde, Burhan Cahit'in hayatı hususî hayatı, gazeteciliği, milletvekilliği, sanat ve edebiyat görüşü ana çizgileriyle incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde, yazarın yedi romanı, olay örgüsü, tema, şahıs kadrosu, mekân, zaman bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Üçüncü bölüm ise ikinci bölümde yapı unsurları incelenen yedi eser, kelime, cümle ve üslup bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. s Sonuç kısmı ise inceleme sonunda ulaşılmış bilgilerin öz cümlelerle verilmesine ayrılmıştır. Kaynakça kısmında ise Burhan Cahit'in incelenen eserlerinin tam künyesi verilmiş, istifade edilen kitaplar ve makaleler belirtilmiştir. IIABSTRACT Burhan Cahit Morkaya was born in Istanbul in 1892. He finished Mercan High School. Then he went to Mekteb-i Mülkiye. He never became a state official. He was elected for the Grand National Assembly in 1946, but he was rejected by the Assembly due to the problem of the military service. Although it is not clear when his interest in literature began, we know that his journalist carrier went back to his Mülkiye days. Journalism constitutes the central element of his carrier as writer. He began to work as a journalist in 1909, and without a break, he continued to work until 1946. He wrote for Yeni Gazete, Servet-i Fünûn, Vatan and the like, and he published Karagöz, Millet, Milliyet and Köroğlu. We can divide his life as an author into two part; journalist and novelist. Journalism was his main job, however, novel was a secondary interest subordinated to the journalism. Köroğlu newspaper was final stage in his authorship. He died in 1949 due to heart attack. As have already pointed out he was a journalist firstly and a novelist secondly. If we look at his forty novels and thousands of articles published in the different newspapers, we can see that he was an historical figure. Our study analyzes and evaluates his seven novels that were published before the Alphabet Reform. The study consists of three parts. The first part figures out his life, journalism, membership of the Grand National Assembly, and conception of art and literature. The second part analyzes his seven novels with respect to events, theme, heroes, space and time. The third part examines the novels in question in regards to style, sentence and word. The last part discuss the findings in brief. The bibliography part contains the full editorial references of the novels along with the references that were used in the study. Il
Cahit Arf: Exploring His Scientific Influence Using Social Network Analysis, Author Co-citation Maps and Single Publication h Index
Get PDFCahit Arf (1910-1997), a famous Turkish scientist whose picture is depicted in one of the Turkish banknotes, is a well‑known figure in mathematics with his discoveries named after him (e.g., Arf invariant, Arf rings, the Hasse‑Arf theorem). Although Arf may not be considered as a prolific scientist in terms of number of papers (he authored a total of 23 papers), his influence on mathematics and related disciplines was profound. As he was active before, during, and after World War II, Arf’s contributions are not properly listed in citation indexes, and thus did not generate many citations even though several papers with “Arf” in their titles appeared in literature. This paper traces influence of Arf in scientific world using citation analysis techniques first. It reviews scientific impact of Arf by analyzing both; the papers authored by Arf and papers whose titles or keywords containing various combinations of “Arf invariant,” “Arf rings,” and so on. The paper then goes on to study Arf’s contributions using social network analysis (SNA) and author co‑citation analysis (ACA) techniques. CiteSpace and pennant diagrams are used to explore scientific impact of Arf by mapping his cited references derived from Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science (WoS) database. The direct and indirect influences of Arf’s highly cited paper on Arf invariant are assessed through ACA and single publication h index, respectively. The paper ends with a discussion of whether data analysis techniques used in this study can be useful to study scientific impact of researchers retrospectively
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