1,720,958 research outputs found
The dynamics of markers of a shock state in traumatic blood loss depending on fluid resuscitation type
No full textThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of quantitative and qualitative changes in fluid resuscitation on the dynamics of markers of the shock state in patients with multiple trauma. 73 patients with multiple trauma were divided into two groups, depending on the fluid resuscitation type (liberal or restrictive). The parameters of hemodynamics, hourly diuresis, general blood test, coagulogram, acid-base and gas composition of blood were studied. A decrease in the infusion volume in traumatic blood loss due to the restriction of the crystalloids and colloids volume allowed to effectively reduce such manifestations of shock as hypotension, tachycardia and acidosis, to provide an adequate rate of diuresis. In restrictive infusion group the duration of vasopressor support was shorter, the fluctuations in peripheral blood parameters were less pronounced, coagulation normalized earlier, positive water balance was significantly lower, mortality and the number of complications were reduced. Restriction of fluid resuscitation volume allows to successfully treat shock and decrease multiple organ dysfunction, number of complications and mortality
Comparative characteristics of liberal and restrictive fluid resuscitation in multiple trauma
No full textThe aim of the study was a comparative analysis of components in liberal and restrictive fluid resuscitation and their effectiveness. 90 patients with multiple trauma divided into two groups, depending on the fluid resuscitation type (liberal or restrictive) were studied. Infusion components in 1stday, intraoperative blood loss, ICU and hospital stay length, number of complications and lethality were investigated. Restrictive fluid resuscitation type in multiple trauma was characterized by a decrease of total infusion volume in ml/kg in 1st day by 34.8%, including crystalloids – by 34.2%, colloids – by 71.4% with a constant volume of FFP and erythrocytes. Balanced crystalloid solutions were used more often, and solutions of potassium and magnesium asparaginate and glucose, high-molecular HES and dextranes were not used at all. Blood components were introduced earlier. Volume of intraoperative blood loss decreased by 34.0%, the frequency of complications – by 1.6 times, the mortality rate – by 2 times
Assessment of the state of water sectors and central hemodynamics during restrictive protocol of perioperative infusion therapy in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy
Get PDFBackground. Abdominal acute surgical pathology is an acute condition requiring emergency
surgical intervention. The lack of objective instrumental-laboratory data on the patient’s condition, the
uncertainty in exact extent of surgical interventions, the difficulty of conducting a prognostic assessment
are the factors that increase the risk of postoperative complications with high mortality rate (30–80 %).
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the restrictive protocol of perioperative infusion therapy in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. Materials and methods. Having agreed with
the local Ethics Committee and obtained the informed consents, 30 patients, who needed emergency laparotomy, were examined. Preoperative treatment was performed in the intensive care unit according to the
Standards of professional protocols (the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 2008): perioperative fluid management, prevention of thrombosis and wound infections. Hypovolemia was treated by infusion of balanced
crystalloid solutions. The hypovolemia severity was determined by using the test of tissue hydrophilia by
Shelestiuk and corresponded to the degree II. Infusion volume was 40–60 ml/kg/day. Thus, 25 % of the
calculated amount of volume deficit were infused during the first hour of treatment. In the absence of hemodynamic effects of infusion volume, we administered the vasopressors (norepinephrine, phenylephrine)
in accordance with general practices. The next 25 % were infused during two hours of treatment (including intraoperative period). Full restoration of volume deficit (last 50 %) was carried out by the end of the
first day of treatment. After fluid volume was restored to the full and normovolemia (postoperatively) was
achieved, infusion therapy was performed in accordance with general practices. We studied the clinical
parameters of systemic hemodynamic, central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters and water sectors
of the body. Scoring scales ASA and POSSUM were used for stratification of surgical risk. Control points
were before surgery, days 1, 3, 5–7, 10–14, 28–30 after surgery. Results. The results of the study proved
that acute surgical pathology in patients with moderate surgical risk is accompanied by the maintenance
of a normal total volume of fluid with a significant redistribution of the water sectors of the body, such as
plasma deficit with the development of hypovolemia, intracellular dehydration, the initial increase in the
volume of the interstitial space. The change in water sectors is combined with the development of relative
hyperdynamia due to an increase in the total peripheral resistance and heart rate. Conclusions. Acute
surgical pathology in patients with moderate surgical risk is accompanied by the maintenance of a normal
total volume of fluid with a significant redistribution of the water sectors of the body, particularly deficit of
plasma with the development of hypovolemia, formation of intracellular dehydration, the initial increase
in the volume of the interstitial space. The use of a restrictive strategy of infusion therapy in patients with
moderate surgical risk allows restore the physiological volumes of the water sectors of the body and form a
normodynamic type of circulation from the 3rd day of postoperative period
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
