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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Traffic Calming Measures at a Local Municipality
No full textLõputöö teemaks on „Liiklust rahustavad meetmed kohaliku omavalitsuse tänavatel“. Töös käsitletakse Harjumaa Rae valla Jüri aleviku Laste ja Taaramäe tänavat ning Peetri aleviku Vägeva, Peetri, Küti ja Pargi teed. Vaatluse alla võetud tänavad läbivad elamurajoone ja külgnevad õppeasutustega, mis muudab liiklusohutuse eriti oluliseks.
Lõputöö eesmärgiks on analüüsida Rae valla nimetatud tänavate olemasolevaid liiklust rahustavaid meetmeid ja leida võimalikke parimaid lahendusi, seejuures parandada sõidukijuhtide ja vähem kaitstud liiklejate turvalisust probleemsetel tänavatel.
Liiklusohutuse inspekteerimine põhineb töö autori poolt käsitletud tänavatel läbi viidud välivaatlustele, liiklussageduse ja sõidukite liikumiskiiruse mõõtmistele ning samadel tänavatel aset leidnud liiklusõnnetuste vaatlusele.
Välivaatluste tulemusena esines inspekteeritavatel tänavatel regulatiivseid, tehnilisi ja horisontaalseid kiirust piiravaid vahendeid.
Lahenduste kavandamisel on arvestatud liiklusohutuse inspekteerimise tulemusena tehtud analüüsiga, tänavate eripära, teistes riikides kasutatavate lahenduste ja varasemalt Rae Vallavalitsuse läbi viidud pilootprojekti tulemusel kogutud informatsiooniga. Pilootprojekti raames on Jüri Gümnaasiumiga külgnevatel tänavatel läbi viidud ajutised muudatused liikluskorralduses, mille eesmärgiks oli tõsta liiklusohutuse taset kooli ümbruses. Projekti olid kaasatud ka lapsevanemad ja kooli personal, kes hindasid uut lahendust positiivseks. Tulenevalt Rae valla koosseisu kuuluvate alevike rahvaarvu kiirest kasvust, on töö teema juba täna liiklusohutuse taseme tõstmise mõistes aktuaalne.
Kogutud informatsiooni põhjal on Laste ja Taaramäe tänavale kavandatud lahendusena liikluskorralduse muutmine. Liiklusvoo suunamine mööda Taaramäe tänavat Jüri Gümnaasiumi parklasse. Suunamise tulemusena jääb kooli esine ala sõidukitest vabaks ja tõstab kooli ümbruse liiklusohutust. Tekib juurde sõidukite lühiajalisi peatumiskohti. Nihutatud ristmik parklast väljasõidu ristumisel Laste tänavaga muudab ohutumaks ristmiku vahetus läheduses asuva jalakäijate ülekäiguraja. Ühistranspordi tarbeks on kavandatud Laste tänavale bussitasku, mis hetkel asetseb kooli esisel alal. Laste tänaval lasteaedade vahetus läheduses olev ülekäigurada on kavandatav tekstuurse pinna ja nähtavatest materjalidest ehitatuna ohutum.
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Vägeva tee liikluse rahustamiseks on kavandatud teekitsendused, mis suunavad sõidukid vähesel määral sõidusuunda muutma, alandades seejuures sõidukite kiirust. Töö autori poolt on liiklusohtlikule Vägeva ja Uusmaa tee ristmikule kavandatud ringristmik, mis piirab sõidukite kiirust ja vähendab konfliktipunkte.
Inspekteeritud teelõigul Küti teel on mõõtmiste tulemusena sõidukite keskmine kiirus piirkiirusest tunduvalt suurem. Analüüsi tulemusena on kavandatud Küti ja Vägeva tee ristmikule miniring, mis piirab sõidukite liikumiskiirust ja muudab pöörded ohutumaks.
Töö autori poolt on Peetri teele vaatluse alla võetud teelõigule kavandatud tõstetud pind ja tõstetud ristmik. Sõidukijuhtide vaatevälja piirava haljastuse tõttu on vajalik sõidukite kiirust antud lõigul alandada, et vältida liiklusõnnetusi. Liiklusohtliku jalakäijate ülekäiguraja tarbeks on enne sõidukite ülekäigurajani jõudmist kavandatud tõstetud ristmik, mis muudab ka kõrvaltänavatel liiklejate ohutustaseme kõrgemaks.
Liikluse inspekteerimise tulemusena ei vaja Pargi tee liiklus rahustamist, kuna töö autori poolt ohtlikuks hinnatud jalakäijate ülekäigurajal on sõidukite kiirus piisavalt madal, et jalakäijat märgata.
Rae valla koosseisu kuuluvate tänavate inspekteerimise kohaselt on sõidukijuhtide piirkiiruse ületamine aktuaalne teema, millega aktiivselt tegeleda. Tänavatel esineb piirkiiruse ületamist, olenemata täna kasutuses olevatest liikluse rahustamise meetmetest. Sõidukijuhtide hulgas populaarne 10 km/h piirkiiruse ületamine on nähtav ka autori poolt inspekteeritavatel tänavatel, kuid mille piiramiseks on kavandatud lahendused sobivad. Registreeritud liiklusõnnetused koonduvad peamiselt ristmikele, mis võib olla tingitud liigsest kiirustamisest. Peetri Lasteaed-Põhikooliga külgneval Pargi teel toimis tõstetud jalakäijate ülekäigurada seevastu efektiivselt, kus suuremat ohtu jalakäijatele ja jalgratturitele ei esine. Kavandatud lahendused tänavatele, kus piirkiiruse ületamist esines, vähendavad liiklusõnnetusse sattumise riski, sõidukitest tingitud mürataset ja saastamist.
Töö tulemusena on selge, et viis tänavat kuuest vajavad liikluse rahustamiseks täiendavaid meetmeid. Kavandatud lahendused vähendavad liiklusohtlikke olukordi ja loovad linnapilti täiendavat esteetilist väärtust ja muudavad tänavad kasutajasõbralikumaks.Traffic Calming Measures on Local Government Streets.
The thesis addresses the streets of Jüri borough in Rae municipality, Harju County, namely Laste and Taaramäe streets, as well as the roads of Peetri borough, including Vägeva, Peetri, Küti, and Pargi streets. The examined streets pass through residential areas and adjacent educational institutions, making traffic safety particularly important.
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the existing traffic calming measures on the mentioned streets of Rae municipality and to find possible best solutions, thereby improving the safety of both drivers and vulnerable road users on problematic streets.
The inspection of traffic safety is based on field observations conducted by the author on the streets in question, measurements of traffic volume and vehicle speed, and observations of traffic accidents that have occurred on these same streets.
As a result of the field observations, regulatory, technical, and horizontal speed-limiting devices were found on the inspected streets.
In designing solutions, the analysis of traffic safety inspections conducted by the author, the characteristics of the streets, solutions used in other countries, and information collected from a pilot project conducted by Rae Municipality are taken into account. As part of the pilot project, temporary changes in traffic management were implemented on the streets adjacent to Jüri Gymnasium, aimed at improving traffic safety around the school. Parents and school staff were involved in the project and positively evaluated the new solution. Due to the rapid population growth of the villages within Rae municipality, the topic of the thesis is relevant today in terms of improving traffic safety levels.
Based on the collected information, a solution has been proposed to change the traffic management on Laste and Taaramäe streets. Redirecting traffic along Taaramäe street to the parking lot of Jüri Gymnasium. As a result of this redirection, the area in front of the school remains free of vehicles, thus increasing the safety of the school surroundings. Additional short-term parking spaces are created. The repositioning of the intersection at the exit from the parking lot onto Laste street makes the adjacent pedestrian crossing safer. A bus bay is planned on Laste street for public transport, which currently occupies the area in front of the school. A planned textured surface and visible materials for the pedestrian crossing near the kindergartens on Laste street will increase safety.
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To calm traffic on Vägeva street, narrowing measures are planned, which slightly change the direction of travel, thereby reducing vehicle speed. A roundabout is planned by the author at the dangerous intersection of Vägeva and Uusmaa streets, which will limit vehicle speed and reduce conflict points.
On the inspected section of Küti street, the average vehicle speed is significantly higher than the speed limit based on measurements. As a result of the analysis, a mini-roundabout is planned at the intersection of Küti and Vägeva streets, which will limit vehicle speed and make turns safer.
For the section of Peetri street examined by the author, raised surfaces and a raised intersection are planned. Due to vegetation limiting the visibility of drivers, it is necessary to reduce vehicle speed on this section to prevent accidents. A raised intersection is planned before reaching the pedestrian crossing to increase safety for pedestrians and cyclists on adjacent side streets.
Based on traffic inspections, traffic calming measures are not needed on Pargi street, as the vehicle speed on the pedestrian crossing considered dangerous by the author is sufficiently low to notice pedestrians.
According to the inspection of the streets within Rae municipality, exceeding the speed limit by drivers is an issue that needs to be actively addressed. Speeding occurs on streets regardless of the traffic calming measures currently in place. The popular practice among drivers of exceeding the speed limit by 10 km/h is also observed on the streets inspected by the author, for which appropriate solutions are planned. Registered traffic accidents mainly occur at intersections, possibly due to excessive speeding. The raised pedestrian crossing adjacent to Peetri Kindergarten-Primary School on Pargi street was effective in ensuring safety for pedestrians and cyclists. The planned solutions for streets where speeding occurs will reduce the risk of being involved in a traffic accident, as well as vehicle-induced noise and pollution.
As a result of the thesis, it is clear that five out of six streets require additional traffic calming measures. The proposed solutions will reduce hazardous situations and provide additional aesthetic value to the urban landscape, making the streets more user-friendly
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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