182 research outputs found
Klaus Hasselmann and economics
No full textKlaus Hasselmann has earned the 2021 Nobel Prize in physics for his breakthroughs in analysing the climate system as a complex physical system.
Since decades, as a leading climate scientist he is aware of the need for creative cooperation between climate scientists and researchers from other fields, especially economics. To facilitate such cooperation, he has designed a productive research program for economic analysis in view of climate change. Without blurring the differences between economics and physics, the Hasselmann program stresses the complexities of today's economy. This includes the importance of heterogeneous actors and different time scales, of making major uncertainties explicit and bringing researchers and practitioners in close interaction.
The program has triggered decades of collaborative research, especially in the network of the Global Climate Forum, that he has founded for this purpose. Research inspired by Hasselmann's innovative ideas has led to a farewell to outdated economic approaches: single-equilibrium models, a single constant discount rate, framing the climate challenge as a kind of prisoner's dilemma and framing it as a problem of scarcity requiring sacrifices from the majority of today's population. Instead of presenting the climate problem as the ultimate apocalyptic narrative, he sees it as a challenge to be mastered.
To meet this challenge requires careful research in order to identify underutilisation of human, technical and social capacities that offer the keys to a climate friendly world economy. Climate neutrality may then be achieved by activating these capacities through investment-oriented climate strategies, designed and implemented by different actors both in industrialised and developing countries.
The difficulties to bring global greenhouse gas emissions down to net zero are enormous; the Hasselmann program holds promise of significant advances in this endeavour
From decoding turbulence to unveiling the fingerprint of climate change: Klaus Hasselmann—Nobel Prize Winner in Physics 2021
No full textThis open access book serves as a reference for the key elements and their significance of Klaus Hasselmann's work on climate science and on ocean wave research, all based on a rigorous and deeply physical thinking. It summarizes the original articles (mostly from the 1970 and 1980s; some of which are hard to find nowadays) and brings them in a present-day context. From 1975 until 2000, he was (founding) Director of the Max Planck Institute of Meteorology, which he made to one of the world-leading academic institutions. He first made the issue of anthropogenic climate change accessible to analysis and prediction and later transformed climate science into a significant factor in forming public policy. The book is written by co-workers and colleagues of Klaus Hasselmann, who—many under his immediate supervision—joined him in this effort. With this background, they present the key achievements and assess the significance of these for the present state of knowledge and scientific practice
Understanding and building upon pioneering work of Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 laureates Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann: From greenhouse effect to Earth system science and beyond
No full textThe Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded jointly to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi for their groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex systems. This is the first time that climate scientists were awarded the Nobel Physics Prize. Here, we present the evolution of climate science in the past similar to 200 years and highlight the landmarks of the developments in advancing our understanding of climate change, placing the pioneering contributions of Manabe and Hasselmann into a historical perspective. The backbone of modern climate science is further discussed in the context of the development of the discipline from the discovery of the greenhouse effect to the formation of Earth system science. Perspectives on the future development of climate science are also presented
Understanding and building upon pioneering work of Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 laureates Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann: From greenhouse effect to Earth system science and beyond
No full textThe Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded jointly to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi for their groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex systems. This is the first time that climate scientists were awarded the Nobel Physics Prize. Here, we present the evolution of climate science in the past similar to 200 years and highlight the landmarks of the developments in advancing our understanding of climate change, placing the pioneering contributions of Manabe and Hasselmann into a historical perspective. The backbone of modern climate science is further discussed in the context of the development of the discipline from the discovery of the greenhouse effect to the formation of Earth system science. Perspectives on the future development of climate science are also presented
Manabe, Hasselmann i Parisi, els Nobel de Física 2021
No full textL'Octubre passat l'Acadèmia Sueca de Ciències va decidir atorgar el guardó del Nobel de Física a Syukuro Manabe (90 anys), Klaus Hasselmann (90 anys) i Giorgio Parisi (73 anys) “for groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems”. Amb més detall es precisa que concedeixen el premi als dos primers pels esforços de modelització i predicció del clima de la Terra i al tercer pel descobriment de les interaccions entre el caos i les fluctuacions en els sistemes físics. En aquesta xerrada faré un repàs de les contribucions que han fet d'aquestes persones en àmbits relacionats amb les ciències de clima i l'oceanografia, molt conegut i evident pels dos primers, però no tant pel tercer guardonatPeer reviewe
Innovative approaches to integrated global change modelling
No full textIntegrated models are important tools to investigate the interactions between planetary processes and the growing impacts of human populations - in short: global change. Current models still have significant shortcomings, notably in their representation of socio-economic processes and the feedbacks between these and the environmental system. They are also often not designed with sufficient transparency to enable participation of interested parties or effective communication with stakeholders and policy makers. These deficiencies are discussed and possible directions for improvement are identified. This Thematic Issue provides a collection of papers that offer a number of innovative ideas for remedying these shortcomings using novel methods and approaches
Reframing the problem of climate change: From zero sum game to win-win solutions
No full textThis book provides an evaluation of the science and policy debates on climate change and offers a reframing of the challenges they pose, as understood by key international experts and players in the field. It also gives an important and original perspective on interpreting climate action and provides compelling evidence of the weakness of arguments that frame climate policy as a win-or-lose situation. At the same time, the book goes beyond providing yet another description of climate change trends and policy processes. Its goal is to make available, in a series of in-depth reflections and insights by key international figures representing science, business, finance and civil society, what is really needed to link knowledge to action. Different contributions convincingly show that it is time – and possible – to reframe the climate debate in a completely new light, perhaps as a system transformative attractor for new green growth, sustainable development, and technological innovation. Reframing the Problem of Climate Change reflects a deep belief that dealing with climate change does not have to be a zero sum game, with winners and losers. The contributors argue that our societies can learn to respond to the challenge it presents and avoid both human suffering and large scale destruction of ecosystems; and that this does not necessarily require economic sacrifice. Therefore, it is vital reading for students, academics and policy makers involved in the debate surrounding climate change. © 2012 Carlo C. Jaeger, Klaus Hasselmann, Gerd Leipold, Diana Mangalagiu and J. David Tàbara
Stochastic climate models - 2. Application to sea-surface temperature anomalies and thermocline variability
No full textThe concept of stochastic climate models developed in Part I of this series (Hasselmann, 1976) is applied to the investigation of the low frequency variability of the upper ocean. It is shown that large-scale, long-time sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies may be explained naturally as the response of the oceanic surface layers to short-time-scale atmospheric forcing. The white-noise spectrum of the atmospheric input produces a red response spectrum, with most of the variance concentrated in very long periods. Without stabilizing negative feedback, the oceanic response would be nonstationary, the total SST variance growing indefinitely with time. With negative feedback, the response is asymptotically stationary. These effects are illustrated through numerical experiments with a very simple ocean-atmosphere model. The model reproduces the principal features and orders of magnitude of the observed SST anomalies in mid-latitudes. Independent support of the stochastic forcing model is provided by direct comparisons of observed sensible and latent heat flux spectra with SST anomaly spectra, and also by the structure of the cross correlation functions of atmospheric surface pressure and SST anomaly patterns. The numerical model is further used to simulate anomalies in the near-surface thermocline through Ekman pumping driven by the curl of the wind stress. The results suggest that short-time-scale atmospheric forcing should be regarded as a possible candidate for the origin of large-scale, low-period variability in the seasonal thermoclin
Carta al editor: El Premio Nobel de Física 2021 y la comprensión de los sistemas físicos complejos
No full textThe 2021 Physics Nobel Prize was awarded to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi for their “groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems.” Here we review some of the ideas and results which served as the scientific basis to the award. We also comment on the works by our research group on the complex systems properties of random lasers and random fiber lasers. El Premio Nobel de Física 2021 fue otorgado a Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann y Giorgio Parisi por sus “contribuciones innovadoras a nuestra comprensión de los sistemas físicos complejos.” Aquí repasamos algunas de las ideas y resultados que sirvieron de base científica al premio. También comentamos los trabajos de nuestro grupo de investigación sobre las propiedades de sistemas complejos de los láseres aleatorios y láseres de fibra aleatorios
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