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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Economic efficiency of different treatment schemes of cats microsporia
Get PDFThe most common fungal skin disease in animals is microsporia; the principal causative agent is the fungus Microsporum canis. The disease is of fungal etiology and highly contagious. The pathogen can stay in the environment for a long time and pose a risk of human infection. Cats, especially those walking on the street, are a significant factor in transmitting the infection. Spores of Microsporum canis can persist on the surface of the cat's body for a long time and, under favorable conditions, can provoke clinical manifestations of the disease. Under these circumstances, they are intensively distributed in the environment. Therefore, choosing the optimal therapeutic approach to solving this problem is essential. Treatment of sick animals should be practical and aimed at preventing the spread of the pathogen and cost-effective and beneficial to both veterinary specialists and owners of sick cats, as the duration of treatment is on average 14–21 days in order to determine the cost-effectiveness of treatment of microsporia in cats with the antifungal agent “Micromar” and immunostimulant “Biogluk” in comparison with other schemes, the calculation of the cost-effectiveness ratio CER. This made it possible to obtain accurate and complete data, as it took into account the cost of treatment and the number of animals that recovered during the complex therapy. Sick animals were divided into three groups. Each sick animal received treatment for 21 days. The first group was treated with the systemic antifungal itraconazole and treated with a 1 % solution of clotrimazole. The second group was vaccinated twice with Vakderm antifungal vaccine and treated daily with a topical antifungal agent (1 % clotrimazole solution). The third group used the antifungal agent “Micromar” and immunostimulant “Biogluk”. To control the quality of therapy, culture was performed on the nutrient medium for dermatophytes from the affected areas of the animal's body. The calculation of cost-effectiveness indicators showed that the treatment of cats with microsporia is effective in all groups of studied animals, as recovery occurred in each patient. However, the costs of therapy are different. In particular, in the first group, the CER coefficient is – 48.00 hryvnias, in the second – 42.00 hryvnias, in the third – 13.00 hryvnias
Порівняльна характеристика різних методів лікування мікроспорії
Get PDFMicrosporia is the most common disease of fungal etiology, most often caused by the pathogen Microsporum canis. Treatment of this disease requires a comprehensive approach, because the disease is dangerous to humans. Therefore, in the treatment of microspores, it is important not only to carry out therapeutic measures, but also to prevent the spread of the pathogen of the fungus in the environment and increase the immune status of the organism in the fight against infection. The main source of infection is cats. In order to determine the effectiveness of treatment of microsporia by various methods, studied of the blood and skin of guinea pigs infected with the pathogen M. canis. Sick animals were divided into three groups. The first group was treated with the systemic antifungal itraconazole and topical treatment with a solution of clotrimazole. Treatment of the second group was performed with a topical antifungal agent (1% solution of clotrimazole) with vaccination with the antifungal vaccine “Vakderm”. For the third group, the developed drugs were used – antifungal agent “Micromar” and immunostimulant “Biogluk”. During treatment, hematological and immunological blood researches and histological skin examinations were performed. During treatment with antifungal drugs (itraconazole and clotrimazole) the number of leukocytes decreases from 11.13 ± 0.72 to 7.13 ± 0.22, rod-shaped neutrophils from 15.76 ± 1.29 to 5.50 ± 0.76, and segmental increases from 12.17 ± 1.47 to 24.17 ± 2.27, decreases ESR from 5.67 ± 0.67 to 2.33 ± 0.42, which occurs when inhibiting the inflammatory response of the organism to infection. Thrombocytopenia (from 231.17 ± 7.60 to 184.33 ± 7.65) and eosinophilia (from 2.70 ± 0.73 to 7.33 ± 1.33) are also noted. There is a slight increase in T-helpers and a decrease in T-suppressors. Histologically, the infiltration of the dermis by histiocytes and eosinophils under skin persists. In the treatment of microsporia by treatment with 1 % solution of clotrimazole and vaccination with the vaccine “Vakderm” the results of studies showed that the number of leukocytes decreases from 11.13 ± 0.72 to 5.35 ± 0.31 (P < 0.01), rod-shaped neutrophils from 15.76 ± 1.29 to 7.67 ± 0.56, and segmental increases from 12.17 ± 1.47 to 22.17 ± 0.91 (P < 0.001), decreases). The number of T-helpers is increasing. The histological picture on day 7 is characterized by hyperkeratosis, and on day 14 the hyperemia of the basal layer of the epidermis persists. When using the antifungal drug “Micromar” and immunostimulant “Biogluk” the results of studies showed that the number of leukocytes decreases from 11.13 ± 0.72 to 6.95 ± 0.10, rod-shaped neutrophils from 15.76 ± 1.29 to 6.17 ± 0.65, and segmental increases from 12.17 ± 1.47 to 22.00 ± 0.86, decreases ESR from 5.67 ± 0.67 to 2.17 ± 0.31. Increases the number of T-helpers and the number of natural killers and T-suppressors is gradually decreasing. Histological changes are presented in the form of dilation of blood vessels and visualization of single erythrocytes in the dermis on day 14 of treatment.Мікроспорія є найбільш поширеним захворюванням грибкової етіології, що найчастіше викликається збудником Microsporum canis. Лікування даного захворювання потребує комплексного підходу, оскільки хвороба є небезпечною і для людини. Тому при лікуванні мікроспорії важливо не лише провести терапевтичні заходи, а й запобігти розповсюдженню збудника спор гриба в навколишньому середовищі та підвищити імунний статус огранізму в боротьбі з інфекцією. Основним джерелом зараження є коти. З метою з’ясування ефективності лікування мікроспорії різними методами проведені дослідження крові та шкіри мурчаків, інфікованих збудником Microsporum canis. Хворих тварин поділили на три групи. Першій групі проводили лікування системним антимікотиком ітраконазолом та місцеві обробки розчином клотримазолу. Лікування другої групи проводилося протигрибковим засобом місцевої дії (1 % розчин клотримазолу) з проведенням вакцинації протигрибковою вакциною “Вакдерм”. Для третьої групи застосовували розроблені препарати – протигрибковий засіб “Мікромар” та імуностимулятор “Біоглюк”. В період лікування проводилися гематологічні й імунологічні дослідження крові та гістологічні дослідження шкіри. При лікуванні протигрибковими препаратами (ітраконазол і клотримазол) кількість лейкоцитів знижується з 11,13 ± 0,72 до 7,13 ± 0,22, паличкоядерних нейтрофілів з 15,76 ± 1,29 до 5,50 ± 0,76, а сегментоядерних підвищується з 12,17 ± 1,47 до 24,17 ± 2,27, знижується ШОЕ з 5,67 ± 0,67 до 2,33 ± 0,42, що виникає при гальмуванні запальної реакції організму на інфекцію. Також спостерігається тромбоцитопенія (з 231,17 ± 7,60 до 184,33 ± 7,65) та еозинофілія (з 2,70 ± 0,73 до 7,33 ± 1,33). Відбувається незначне підвищення Т-хелперів та зниження Т-супресорів. Гістологічно зберігається інфільтрація в дермі гістіоцитами та поодонокими еозинофілами. При лікуванні мікроспорії обробками 1 % розчином клотримазолу та проведенням вакцинації вакциною “Вакдерм” отримані результати досліджень засвідчили, що кількість лейкоцитів знижується з 11,13 ± 0,72 до 5,35 ± 0,31 (Р < 0,01), паличкоядерних нейтрофілів з 15,76 ± 1,29 до 7,67 ± 0,56, а сегментоядерних підвищується з 12,17 ± 1,47 до 22,17 ± 0,91 (Р < 0,001), знижується). Кількість Т-хелперів збільшується. Гістологічна картина на 7 день характеризується гіперкератозом, а на 14 добу зберігається гіперемія базального шару епідермісу. При використанні протигрибкового препарату “Мікромар” та імуностимулятора “Біоглюк” результати досліджень засвідчили, що кількість лейкоцитів знижується з 11,13 ± 0,72 до 6,95 ± 0,10, паличкоядерних нейтрофілів з 15,76 ± 1,29 до 6,17 ± 0,65, а сегментоядерних підвищується з 12,17 ± 1,47 до 22,00 ± 0,86, знижується ШОЕ з 5,67 ± 0,67 до 2,17 ± 0,31. Збільшується кількість Т-хелперів та поступово знижується кількість натуральних кілерів та Т-супресорів. Гістологічні зміни представлені у вигляді розширення кровоносних судин та візуалізацією поодиноких еритроцитів в товщі дерми на 14 день лікування
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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