1,720,955 research outputs found
The impact of noise pollution on marine invertebrates
No full textAntropogeni izvori buke pod morem te njihovi učinci na
morske beskralježnjake rastući su globalni problem. U radu je opisano širenje zvuka u morskoj
vodi te temeljne komponente podvodne buke. Morski beskralježnjaci gotovo isključivo
percipiraju komponentu gibanja čestica, a u tome im pomažu osjetilni receptori u vidu
osjetilnih dlačica i statocista. Eksperimentalno izlaganje zvuku može biti akutno i kronično.
Iako je većina dosadašnjih studija bazirano na istraživanju obrazaca ponašanja i kretanja, u
novije vrijeme raste broj studija koje proučavaju fiziološke, biokemijske i genetičke odgovore
morskih beskralježnjaka prilikom izlaganja buci sa rastućim dokazima o štetnosti
antropogenog zvuka u moru.Anthropogenic sources of underwater noise and their effects on sea
invertebrates have grown into global problem. This thesis describes the propagation of sound
in seawater and the underlying components of underwater noise. Sea invertebrates almost
exclusively perceive the particle movement component which is assisted by sensory receptors
such as sensory hair and statocysts. Experimental exposure to sound can be acute and chronic.
Although most of the studies so far have been based on looking into patterns of behavior and
movement, in recent time there has been an increase of studies studying the biochemical,
physiological and genetic responses of sea invertebrates during the sound exposure with the
growing evidence of the detrimental effects of anthropogenic noise in the sea
The effects of warm white LED light exposure on the development of European green toad (Bufotes viridis Laurenti)
No full textAntropogeni izvori svjetla i njihovi učinci na vodozemce predstavljaju rastući globalni problem, osobito zbog umjetnog svjetla noću (ALAN). Ovaj diplomski rad istražuje utjecaj tople LED svjetlosti na razvoj punoglavaca vrste Bufotes viridis (Laurenti). Punoglavci su bili izloženi kontrolnim uvjetima (12 h imitacije danjeg svjetla i 12 h mraka) te tretmanu (12 h imitacije danjeg svjetla i 12 h tople LED svjetlosti). Nakon dvotjednog izlaganja, uspoređene su njihove mase, duljine glava i repova te razvojni stadiji. Analizirani su i biomarkeri acetilkolinesteraza (AChE) i glutation S-transferaza (GST), kao i energetsko stanje kroz koncentraciju ugljikohidrata, lipida i proteina. Kod morfometrijskih parametara i biomarkera nije uočena značajna razlika, no uočena je kod energetskog stanja u koncentraciji proteina. Rezultati pokazuju potencijalne negativne učinke ALAN-a na razvoj vodozemaca, ističući važnost regulacije umjetnog osvjetljenja u njihovim staništima. Naši nalazi sugeriraju da topla LED svjetlost može značajno utjecati na fiziološke i biokemijske parametre punoglavaca, što može dovesti do dalekosežnih posljedica po njihove populacije i ekosustave. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja i razvoj strategija za ublažavanje negativnih učinaka ALAN-a na vodozemce.Anthropogenic sources of light and their effects on amphibians represent a growing global problem, particularly due to artificial light at night (ALAN). This thesis investigates the impact of warm LED light on the development of tadpoles of the species Bufotes viridis (Laurenti). Tadpoles were exposed to control conditions (12 hours of simulated daylight and 12 hours of darkness) and treatment conditions (12 hours of simulated daylight and 12 hours of warm LED light). After two weeks of exposure, their masses, head and tail lengths, and developmental stages were compared. Biomarkers acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were analyzed, as well as the energy status of the tadpoles through the total concentration of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. No significant differences were observed in morphometric parameters and biomarkers, but differences were noted in the energy status, specifically in protein concentration. The results indicate potential negative effects of ALAN on amphibian development, highlighting the importance of regulating artificial lighting in their habitats. Our findings suggest that exposure to warm LED light can significantly impact the physiological and biochemical parameters of tadpoles, potentially leading to far-reaching consequences for their populations and ecosystems. Further research and the development of strategies to mitigate the negative effects of ALAN on amphibians are necessary
The effects of warm white LED light exposure on the development of European green toad (Bufotes viridis Laurenti)
No full textAntropogeni izvori svjetla i njihovi učinci na vodozemce predstavljaju rastući globalni problem, osobito zbog umjetnog svjetla noću (ALAN). Ovaj diplomski rad istražuje utjecaj tople LED svjetlosti na razvoj punoglavaca vrste Bufotes viridis (Laurenti). Punoglavci su bili izloženi kontrolnim uvjetima (12 h imitacije danjeg svjetla i 12 h mraka) te tretmanu (12 h imitacije danjeg svjetla i 12 h tople LED svjetlosti). Nakon dvotjednog izlaganja, uspoređene su njihove mase, duljine glava i repova te razvojni stadiji. Analizirani su i biomarkeri acetilkolinesteraza (AChE) i glutation S-transferaza (GST), kao i energetsko stanje kroz koncentraciju ugljikohidrata, lipida i proteina. Kod morfometrijskih parametara i biomarkera nije uočena značajna razlika, no uočena je kod energetskog stanja u koncentraciji proteina. Rezultati pokazuju potencijalne negativne učinke ALAN-a na razvoj vodozemaca, ističući važnost regulacije umjetnog osvjetljenja u njihovim staništima. Naši nalazi sugeriraju da topla LED svjetlost može značajno utjecati na fiziološke i biokemijske parametre punoglavaca, što može dovesti do dalekosežnih posljedica po njihove populacije i ekosustave. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja i razvoj strategija za ublažavanje negativnih učinaka ALAN-a na vodozemce.Anthropogenic sources of light and their effects on amphibians represent a growing global problem, particularly due to artificial light at night (ALAN). This thesis investigates the impact of warm LED light on the development of tadpoles of the species Bufotes viridis (Laurenti). Tadpoles were exposed to control conditions (12 hours of simulated daylight and 12 hours of darkness) and treatment conditions (12 hours of simulated daylight and 12 hours of warm LED light). After two weeks of exposure, their masses, head and tail lengths, and developmental stages were compared. Biomarkers acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were analyzed, as well as the energy status of the tadpoles through the total concentration of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. No significant differences were observed in morphometric parameters and biomarkers, but differences were noted in the energy status, specifically in protein concentration. The results indicate potential negative effects of ALAN on amphibian development, highlighting the importance of regulating artificial lighting in their habitats. Our findings suggest that exposure to warm LED light can significantly impact the physiological and biochemical parameters of tadpoles, potentially leading to far-reaching consequences for their populations and ecosystems. Further research and the development of strategies to mitigate the negative effects of ALAN on amphibians are necessary
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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