119,490 research outputs found
Letter dated 17 October 1967 from Don Kirkham to Lorenzo A. Richards
No full textLetter dated 17 October 1967 from Don Kirkham, professor at Iowa State University at Ames, Iowa, to Lorenzo A. Richards at the U.S. Salinity Laboratory in Riverside, California, asking for a reference for the source of some diagramsO W A S T A T E U N I V E R S I TY of Science Department of Agronomy chnology A M E S , I O W A 50010 October 17, 1967 Dr. L. A. Richards, Care of U. S. Salinity Laboratory P.O. Box 672 Riverside, California Dear Ren: Could you please give me *r reference^here these diagrams first appeared? I want to use them in a book we hope to get done. I assume I have your permission to use the diagrams. I hope you and Zilla are busier then ever and are enjoying , yourselves. // ~/y- 17 Very truly yours, / 5 1/ 3 * ft ftrf yp»**S Don Kirkham Professor of Agronomy & Physics / - 0A X J fci DK/jmr encl.: "Non-mathematical example showing how unsaturated flow depends on both the capillary and gravitational potential" "Illustration of Darcy\u27s law for three geometries
Functional expression cloning reveals proapoptotic role for protein phosphatase 4
No full text© 2003 Nature Publishing Group All rights reservedFunctional expression cloning strategies are highly suitable for the analysis of the molecular control of apoptosis. This approach has two critical advantages. Firstly, it eliminates prior assumptions about the properties of the proteins involved, and, secondly, it selectively targets proteins that are causally involved in apoptosis control and which affect the crucial cellular decision between survival and death. The application of this strategy to the isolation of cDNAs conferring resistance to dexamethasone and italic gamma-irradiation resulted in the isolation of a partial cDNA for the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 4 (PP4). Cells transfected with this partial cDNA in an expression vector downregulated PP4 and were resistant to both dexamethasone and UV radiation, as demonstrated by both membrane integrity and colony-forming assays. These observations suggest that PP4 plays an important proapoptotic role in T lymphocytes.M. Mourtada-Maarabouni, L. Kirkham, B. Jenkins, J. Rayner, T.J. Gonda, R. Starr, I. Trayner, F. Farzaneh and G.T. William
Clinical and radiological recurrence after childhood arterial ischemic stroke
No full textBackground: Data on rates and risk factors for clinical and radiological recurrence of childhood arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) might inform secondary prevention strategies.
Methods and Results: Consecutive Great Ormond Street Hospital patients with first AIS were identified retrospectively (1978–1990) and prospectively (1990–2000). Patients underwent repeat neuroimaging at the time of clinical recurrence or, if asymptomatic, at least 1 year after AIS. Cox and logistic regression analyses were used to explore the relationships between risk factors and clinical and radiological recurrence, respectively. A total of 212 patients were identified, of whom 97 had another prior diagnosis. Seventy-nine children had a clinical recurrence (29 strokes, 46 transient ischemic attacks [TIAs], 4 deaths with reinfarction 1 day to 11.5 years (median 267 days) later); after 5 years, 59% (95% confidence interval, 51% to 67%) were recurrence free. Moyamoya on angiography and low birth weight were independently associated with clinical recurrence in the whole group. Genetic thrombophilia was associated with clinical recurrence in previously healthy patients, independent of the presence of moyamoya. Sixty of 179 patients who had repeat neuroimaging had radiological reinfarction, which was clinically silent in 20. Previous TIA, bilateral infarction, prior diagnosis (specifically immunodeficiency), and leukocytosis were independently associated with reinfarction. Previous TIA and leukocytosis were also independently associated with clinically silent reinfarction.
Conclusions: Clinical and radiological recurrence are common after childhood AIS. The risk of clinical recurrence is increased in children with moyamoya and, in previously healthy patients, in those with genetic thrombophilia. Preexisting pathology, including immunodeficiency, and persistent leukocytosis are risk factors for radiological recurrence, which suggests a potential role for chronic infection
L-Glutamine in sickle cell disease
No full textl-Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid required for synthesis of the pyridines for nucleotides, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and glutathione, as well as glutamate, and becomes essential during oxidative stress exposure. The NADH:[NAD+ + NADH] (redox) ratio in sickle red blood cells (RBCs) is lower than in normal RBCs, consistent with oxidative stress, therefore glutamine availability is important in sickle cell disease (SCD). RBC glutamine levels vary between SCD studies but the ratio glutamine:glutamate was inversely related to tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity in one. Oral l-glutamine was associated with an increase in NADH and reduction in RBC endothelium adhesion in small studies of SCD patients. In a sickle mouse model, glutamine levels were directly related to cerebral blood flow. Phase II and III randomized, double-blind, controlled trials of l-glutamine 0.6 g/kg/day compared with placebo in children and adults with SCD and ≥ 2 episodes of pain in the previous year provide evidence that l-glutamine is safe and associated with a reduction in painful episodes and in hospitalizations. However, l-glutamine was only tolerated in two-thirds of patients, anemia and hemolysis did not improve and there are few data on mortality and organ complications. Future studies should investigate the effect of other amino acids and total protein intake.</p
Garden Hotel, 510-3 Ave. S. Kirkham & Southard Block (1905-1912) - northwest elevation
No full textView of the Garden Hotel. This location is part of the Kirkham/Southard Block and is being seen from the north-west elevation
Garden Hotel, 510-3 Ave. S. Kirkham & Southard Block (1905-1912) - northeast elevation
No full textView of the Garden Hotel. This location is part of the Kirkham/Southard Block and is being seen from the north-east elevation
Ostensive signals support learning from novel attention cues during infancy
No full textSocial attention cues (e.g., head turning, gaze direction) highlight which events young infants should attend to in a busy environment and, recently, have been shown to shape infants' likelihood of learning about objects and events. Although studies have documented which social cues guide attention and learning during early infancy, few have investigated how infants learn to learn from attention cues. Ostensive signals, such as a face addressing the infant, often precede social attention cues. Therefore, it is possible that infants can use ostensive signals to learn from other novel attention cues. In this training study, 8-month-olds were cued to the location of an event by a novel non-social attention cue (i.e., flashing square) that was preceded by an ostensive signal (i.e., a face addressing the infant). At test, infants predicted the appearance of specific multimodal events cued by the flashing squares, which were previously shown to guide attention to but not inform specific predictions about the multimodal events (Wu and Kirkham, 2010). Importantly, during the generalization phase, the attention cue continued to guide learning of these events in the absence of the ostensive signal. Subsequent experiments showed that learning was less successful when the ostensive signal was absent even if an interesting but non-ostensive social stimulus preceded the same cued events
Sickle cell disease
No full textSickle cell disease, a chronic hemolytic anemia secondary to a single-gene mutation leading to a hemoglobin which polymerizes on hypoxic exposure, leads to a wide variety of neurological syndromes, including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, anterior and posterior territory transient ischemic attacks, “soft neurological signs,” seizures, headache, coma, visual loss, and altered mental status. There is a peak for ischemic stroke in childhood, typically associated with stenosis or occlusion of the distal internal carotid and proximal middle cerebral arteries diagnosable using magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). For hemorrhagic stroke the peak age is early adulthood, when aneurysms are common. Silent infarction is detected on magnetic resonance imaging in up to 50% by middle age. Cognitive difficulties, characteristically affecting attention, executive function, memory, arithmetic, and processing speed, are also common. Indefinite transfusion is standard care for secondary prevention. For primary prevention in those with TCD velocities >200 cm/s, transfusion is recommended for a year; switching to hydroxyurea thereafter is noninferior if MRA is normal. l-Glutamine is FDA-approved for prevention of pain but data on CNS endpoints are lacking. New management strategies include voxelator, which decreases polymerization, monoclonal antibodies against inflammatory targets, genome editing to increase HbF and gene therapy using a lentiviral vector, as well as transplantation; trials with CNS endpoints are currently in progress
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Flexible working patterns: balancing service needs or fuelling discontent?
No full textConcern for the organization of working hours was widespread among respondents to the Why do Midwives Leave study (Ball, Curtis and Kirkham, 2002). This was especially important to midwives who gave 'family commitments' as their main reason for leaving. Managers in the Talking to Manager study (Curtis, Ball and Kirkham 2003) reported the availability of a variety of flexible, 'family friendly' working patterns. However, they felt constrained to restrict their availability in order 'to balance the needs of the service' and to enable an adequate skill mix to be maintained. Managers were also concerned that family friendly working was exacerbating discontent within midwifery and fuelling divisions between midwives, for family friendly working hours may leave 'unfriendly' gaps in the staff roster that others have to fill.</p
- …
