156 research outputs found
Supplemental Material, Tanzania_EBF_TIPs_Sup_Files_B_Counseling_Guides_12Nov2018_(1) - Barriers and Opportunities for Improved Exclusive Breast-Feeding Practices in Tanzania: Household Trials With Mothers and Fathers
No full textSupplemental Material, Tanzania_EBF_TIPs_Sup_Files_B_Counseling_Guides_12Nov2018_(1) for Barriers and Opportunities for Improved Exclusive Breast-Feeding Practices in Tanzania: Household Trials With Mothers and Fathers by Cynthia R. Matare, Hope C. Craig, Stephanie L. Martin, Rosemary A. Kayanda, Gina M. Chapleau, Rachel Bezner Kerr, Kirk A. Dearden, Luitfrid P. Nnally and Katherine L. Dickin in Food and Nutrition Bulletin</p
Supplemental Material, Tanzania_EBF_TIPs_Sup_Files_A_Interview_Guides_12Nov2018_(1) - Barriers and Opportunities for Improved Exclusive Breast-Feeding Practices in Tanzania: Household Trials With Mothers and Fathers
No full textSupplemental Material, Tanzania_EBF_TIPs_Sup_Files_A_Interview_Guides_12Nov2018_(1) for Barriers and Opportunities for Improved Exclusive Breast-Feeding Practices in Tanzania: Household Trials With Mothers and Fathers by Cynthia R. Matare, Hope C. Craig, Stephanie L. Martin, Rosemary A. Kayanda, Gina M. Chapleau, Rachel Bezner Kerr, Kirk A. Dearden, Luitfrid P. Nnally and Katherine L. Dickin in Food and Nutrition Bulletin</p
ELECTRONIC SPECTRA OF AlCl, GaCl, AND InCl BY RESONANCE ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY
No full text D. V. Dearden, R. D. Johnson III, J. W. Hudgens, J. Chem. Phys. 97, 8880, (1992).Author Institution: Chemical Kinetics and Thermodynamics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at ArlingtonAluminum monochloride, gallium monochloride1, and indium monochloride were observed by one-, two-, and three-photon resonances involving electronic states from 29000 to . Many new electronic states are assigned. The AlCl displayed vibrational progressions with members up to , the GaCl and InCl displayed shorter progressions up to . The GaCl exhibited a Rydberg series leading to an ionization potential of
Life experience and teen fatherhood in Great Britain
No full textThe present investigation uses the 1958 National Child Development Study of Great Britain to examine the antecedents of teen fatherhood. Teen fathers are compared to non-teen fathers (those who fathered a child between 20 and 23) and non-fathers (no child by 23), matched and unmatched to teen fathers for social class. Contrary to hypotheses regarding family background, teen fathers (boys who became fathers while in their teens) were no more likely than those who did not father children before their 23rd birthday to come from homes marked by parental separation, divorce, and death. With respect to personal behaviors, teen fathers were much more likely than non-fathers unmatched for social class to be aggressive, destroy property, steal, and play truant. Social class played an important part in influencing such behaviors. Indeed, a career of deviancy marks the lives of boys who father children before their 23rd birthday. Teen fathers also experience a number of educational difficulties prior to the onset of parenthood. In fact, teen fathers were 11.5 times more likely than unmatched non-fathers and 8 times more likely than non-fathers matched for social class to leave school at 16, the minimum age. And by age 7, boys who became teen fathers were already 2 to 3 times more likely than non-fathers to be of limited ability in reading, math, and other subjects, according to teachers. Parental disinterest plays a large part in determining boys\u27 later life chances. Boys who became teen fathers were consistently discouraged (at ages 7, 11, and 16) to leave school by the minimum age. Furthermore, the majority of teen fathers\u27 parents rarely instigated discussions with teachers about their academic progress. In sum, a number of factors, including aggression, theft, vandalism, truancy, and educational difficulty, may be important in identifying boys at-risk for becoming teen fathers. Because these behaviors are related, interventions designed to prevent teen fatherhood may also help reduce the incidence of misconduct as well. However, the success of such programs will be due, in large part, to parents\u27 active involvement in the lives of their children
What Happens to Children Who are Neglected?: A Four-country Study Assessing the Relation between Inattention to Children in Poverty and their Well-being
Get PDFChildren experience extreme poverty differently than adults. Child poverty cannot only be categorized in terms of family income since it is experienced as both material and developmental deprivation. In order to fully assess the effects of childhood poverty, children’s experiences based on set outcomes must be taken into account. We used a dataset collected by Young Lives, a long-term longitudinal study conducted in India, Ethiopia, Vietnam and Peru investigating the changing nature of childhood poverty. In our proposed study we used a cohort of 1,000 8-year-olds from each country to examine the relationship between childhood unwantedness and health, educational, and mental outcomes
ARI on the Altiplano of Bolivia Acute Respiratory Infections in Children Under Five
Get PDFAlthough there were many complications during the internship and research experience, which impeded the study’s progress, much of the preparatory work for the study was completed before departure. Before arrival in Bolivia we had basic surveys written and translated to Spanish. We had spent some time discussing the potential influences on how children receive medical intervention for ARI in El Alto, a local suburb of La Paz where the research was conducted
Monitoring Compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes in the Sekyere West District of Ghana
Get PDFA variety of elements influence infant feeding practice in Ghana. These include the public advertising of breast milk substitutes, cultural traditions, educational opportunities, accessibility of educational information, time available, and several perceived options of breastfeeding.1 The World Health Organization (WHO) adopted the International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes in 1981 to ensure the proper use and marketing of breast milk substitutes. The Code also emphasizes the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for an infant’s first six months. Studies show that closer adherence to the Code correlates with smaller family size, increased maternal education, and higher breastfeeding promotion in health facilities.
The Impact of Feeding Methods and HIV on Infants in Bolivia
Get PDFOver the last several decades in Latin America there has been a shift from exclusive breastfeeding (no foods or liquids other than breastmilk) to replacement feeding (foods and liquids in addition to or other than breastmilk). Whether because of social stigma or lack of time, mothers are increasingly turning to alternative feeding methods. Studies by various scientists have shown that exclusive breastfeeding is the most beneficial method of infant feeding and results in less sickness and decreased infant mortality. However, given that HIV can be transmitted through breastmilk, does the increasing prevalence of HIV globally significantly contribute to increased morbidity and mortality relative to deaths from diarrhea, acute respiratory infections and other infectious causes
What difference can fathers make?Early paternal absence comprises Peruvian children's growth
Get PDFConsiderable evidence suggests that fathers’ absence from the home has a negative short and long-term impact on children's health, psychosocial development, cognition, and educational experience. We assessed the impact of father presence during infancy and childhood on children's height-for-age z-score (HAZ) when five years old. We conducted secondary data analysis from a 15-year cohort study (Young Lives) focusing on one of four Young Lives countries (Peru, n = 1,821). When compared to children who saw their fathers on a daily or weekly basis during infancy and childhood, children who did not see fathers regularly at either period had significantly lower HAZ scores (-0.23, p = 0.0094), after adjusting for maternal age, wealth and other contextual factors. Results also suggest that children who saw fathers during childhood (but not infancy) had better HAZ scores than children who saw fathers in infancy and childhood (0.23 z score, p = 0.0388). Findings from analyses of resilient children (those who did not see their fathers at either round but whose HAZ > -2) show that a child's chances of not being stunted in spite of paternal absence at 1 and 5 years old were considerably greater if he or she lived in an urban area (OR=9.3), was from the wealthiest quintile (OR=8.7) and lived in a food secure environment (OR=3.8). Interventions designed to reduce malnutrition must be based on a fuller understanding of how paternal absence puts children at risk of growth failure
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