1,720,962 research outputs found
Reception and Perception of May 1968 in Greece
No full textHow is May ’68 received in the public space? How has it been perceived in the collective consciousness in Greece since that day? To investigate the image of May ’68 portrayed by the mass media (public space) and the idea that young Greeks have of it today (collective memory), I relied on three categories of sources: i) Analysis of the texts referring to the events; ii) Interviewing former students who participated in the uprising against the Dictatorship at the Polytechnic in 1973; and iii) Discussions with today’s students to see whether or not they have an image of May ’68, and if so, what it is. This paper is made up of five sections. In the first I provide an overview of the situation in Greece in 1968, in the second I briefly set out the main positions on May ’68 of well-known French social scientists, and in the third I discuss how the period was perceived and the weight of its role in the uprising of Greek students at the Polytechnic in 1973. In the fourth section I paint a brief picture of how May ’68 has been viewed in Greece from the fall of the dictatorship in 1974 to today. Finally, in the fifth and final section, I summarise how today’s students perceive the events.
La formation des élites grecques dans les universités occidentales (1837-1940)
Full text linkCet article traite de la formation des étudiants grecs dans les universités occidentales, de 1837, date de la fondation de l’université d’Athènes, à la veille de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. Il cherche à éclairer la logique de leur choix et à évaluer le poids des diplômes acquis dans la formation des élites dirigeantes du pays. Il montre notamment comment, à partir des années 1870, les diplômes universitaires ont constitué un enjeu majeur pour les individus et les nations. Pour les premiers, étaient en jeu la distinction et l’ascension sociale ; pour les nations, outre le bénéfice économique, c’est la diffusion culturelle et sa conversion en influence politique et économique qui importait.This article deals with the education of Greek students in Western universities from 1837 – the date of the founding of the University of Athens – to the eve of the Second World War. It aims to clarify the logic of their choice and to evaluate the influence of the diplomas thus acquired on the governing elite of the country. More particularly, this article demonstrates how, from the 1870s onwards, university qualifications constituted major attainments for both individuals and nations. For the former, distinction and upward mobility were at stake; for the latter, apart from the economic benefits, the important elements at stake were cultural diffusion and its conversion into economic and political influence.Vorliegender Beitrag behandelt die Ausbildung der griechischen Studenten an westlichen Universitäten von 1837, also vom Gründungszeitpunkt der Universität Athen bis kurz vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Er versucht die Hintergründe ihrer Studienwahl zu erhellen und den Stellenwert der erworbenen Abschlüsse bei der Herausbildung der herrschenden Eliten des Landes abzuschätzen. Insbesondere wird herausgearbeitet, welch bedeutendes Gewicht den akademischen Abschlüssen seit den 1870er Jahren sowohl für die einzelnen Individuen als auch für die Nationen zukam. Ersteren ging es um Ansehen und sozialen Aufstieg, während für letztere über den wirtschaflichen Gewinn hinaus die Verbreitung von Kulturwerten und der daraus erwachsene politische und wirtschaftliche Einfluss im Vordergrund stand.Este artículo trata de la formación de los estudiantes griegos en las universidades occidentales, de 1837, fecha de la fundación de la universidad de Atenas, a la víspera de la Segunda Guerra mundial. Intenta explicar la lógica de su elección y evaluar el peso de los diplomas adquiridos, en la formación de las élites dirigentes del país. En particular muestra cómo, a partir de los años 1870, los diplomas universitarios constituyeron una apuesta importante para los individuos y las naciones. Para los primeros, estaba en juego la distinción y la ascención social; para las naciones, además del beneficio económico, importaba la difusión cultural y su peso en la influencia política y económica
Disability in Greece: Social Perception and Educational Policies
Full text linkThis work examines how the Greek state (under multiple types of governmental regimes) dealt with children with disabilities within the framework of educational and political reforms, and how social perceptions of disability have defined – to a lesser or greater degree - the aforementioned policies. This article covers three basic periods: 1) First steps, starting from the turn of the 20th century until the 1940s; 2) Minimal state intervention to deal with the issue (1948 – 1985), and 3)the most recent period, where children with a disability are dealt with in a more comprehensive way within the terms of a social welfare state (1985 – 2004)
Etre instituteur de maternelle en Grèce : Représentations et choix du métier
Full text linkLa représentation sociale d’un métier participe à la fixation de sa valeur et engendre des pratiques. Partant de cette considération nous allons examiner, sous un angle comparatif, les représentations et le choix du métier de l’instituteur de la maternelle en Grèce. Pour cela nous nous appuierons sur trois indices: la position institutionnelle de l’instituteur, la demande sociale du métier et la composition sociale du corps des instituteurs. Pour donner une assise comparative à notre argumentation, nous allons nous référer, dans un premier temps, à des études relatives dans d’autres pays. Ensuite, nous nous esquisserons un aperçu de l’évolution historique de l’institution en Grèce en fonction de ses objectifs pédagogiques et de son public. Enfin, appuyés essentiellement sur des archives, des rapports d’inspection et des données statistiques nous nous tenterons de sonder la demande du métier et la composition sociale des instituteurs de maternelle. La revalorisation des études et du diplôme de l’instituteur depuis notamment 1982, nous arguons, a été suivie d’une certaine amélioration de sa représentation sociale. Cela se reflète sur la demande du métier et sur la composition sociale des instituteurs
TRUST IN CHILDREN – ΤHE ROLE OF THEATRE IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
Full text linkIntroduction: In today's crisis of values, the demand for more trust between people, who will then shape social contexts and institutions, becomes more urgent than ever. However, since trust, by definition, refers to the vulnerability that one person shows to another because of the expectations that the former has for the positive behavior of the latter (Mishra, 1996. Tuzun, 2007), it is important to consider what creates that trust. Purpose: The role of theatre in education in creating social relationships of trust between primary school children. Methodology: A quantitative methodological approach was followed, and results were analyzed through the statistical program SPSS 26.0. Results: Social relationships between children over time, although they cannot be evaluated by their teachers themselves due to the limited time available, are an existing phenomenon. The children, having understood the position of their classmate, in the context of the lesson, have accepted his diversity, as a result, ending up in sharing experiences with each other, either inside or outside the school environment. However, even though social relations may not be successful, the course has at least helped in respect for others, which has a positive impact even in marginalization phenomena. Conclusion: Theater in education can be the means to create social relationships in children who have attended it for a reasonable period of time, because, with the techniques and reflection it offers, it helps children develop social skills, which can, in turn, create social relationships. Article visualizations
University and the Formation of Greek Elites: Past and Present
No full textThis article analyzes the history of university studies in relation with the establishment of the Greek elites from the mid-19th century until today, based on primary and secondary sources and on available statistical data. Particular attention is given to studies at universities abroad and to students’ pathways. By examining the prominent position of the elites among students abroad we pose the question to what extent there has been a pattern change since the past. We highlight that the possession of a degree adds power to one’s personal course, especially in two periods (early 1860s until mid-1890s, end of 1950s until mid-1980s). A common feature of these periods is the upward structural social mobility. During the first and especially the second period, shortages in certain professions, along with state expansion, led to the increase in demand for degrees, aside from immediate graduate absorption. The article also ascertains that lately a «reservoir» with a significant number of foreign studied Greeks has «accumulated» abroad. Though comparable with the case in other European countries, this becomes noteworthy when taking into account the relatively smaller Greek population. This mobility concerned a reasoned economic choice, together with being attributed to the social value attached to education. Simultaneously, it was linked to the expectation of global quality education, acquisition of a personal cultural experience, along with improved credentials that create better professional prospects and high income. Nonetheless, in the case of certain groups, this mobility was governed by the spirit of a family tradition and the reproduction of social and cultural capital
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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