408 research outputs found
On some research guidelines initiated by articles of Academician I.N. Kovalenko
No full textНаведено огляд деяких напрямків досліджень, які були ініційовані І.М. Коваленком та знайшли відображення у сумісних роботах з автором даної статті. До них відносяться: метод «штучних» моментів регенерації, асимптотична нечутливість, метод Монте-Карло та методи зменшення дисперсії оцінок, принцип монотонних відмов.A review of some research guidelines which were initiated by I.N. Kovalenko and used in joint articles with the author is given. These are: method of «artificial» regeneration moments, asymptotic insensitivity, Monte Carlo method and variance reduction methods, principle of monotone failures
Counting sequences, Gray codes and lexicodes
No full textA counting sequence of length n is a list of all 2^n binary n-tuples (binary codewords of length n). The number of bit positions where two codewords differ is called the Hamming distance of these two codewords. The average Hamming distance of a counting sequence of length n is defined as the average Hamming distance between the 2^n pairs of successive codewords, including the pair of the last and the first codeword. A counting sequence of length n which has average Hamming distance equal to n-1/2 is called a maximum counting sequence. The number of bit changes in bit position i, in a counting sequence of length n is called the transition count of bit position i. If a counting sequence of length n has the property that the difference between any two bit positions is at most 2, the sequence is called balanced. We introduce a construction for balanced maximum counting sequences for every codeword length n>0, n not equal 4, which implies a proof of a longstanding conjecture of Robinson and Cohn in [IEEE Trans. Computers, vol. C-30, pp. 17-23, 1981]. A counting sequence of length n which has the property that any two successive codewords in the list have the same Hamming distance is called uniform. We introduce a heuristic construction how to construct uniform sequences. This construction occasionally produces balanced sequences, and so gives a partial answer to another conjecture of Robinson and Cohn dealing with the existence of balanced uniform counting sequences [IEEE Trans. Computers, vol. C-30, pp. 17-23, 1981]. A cyclic Gray code of length n is a uniform sequence of length n with Hamming distance exactly one between any two successive codewords. We introduce a construction of Gray codes satisfying the property that either all transition counts are equal to the same power of two, or are all equal to two consecutive powers of two, which proves the conjecture of Wagner and West in [Congressus Numerantium, vol. 80, pp. 217-223, 1991]. Furthermore, we also introduce a construction of Gray codes of length n>0, n not equal 3, inducing the complete graph K_n, thus providing the complete answer for an open problem suggested by Wilmer and Ernst in [Discrete Mathematics, vol. 257, pp. 585-598, 2002]. Moreover, we derive the separability function of the reflected N-ary Gray codes. We also introduce a simple method for the construction of cyclic N-ary Gray codes, and for the construction of constant weight N-ary Gray codes. The separability functions of these codes are derived as well. In the remaining part of the thesis we present a greedy algorithm for the construction of a large class of linear q-ary lexicodes which generalizes the algorithms in several other papers. By applying this method, one can produce linear lexicodes which cannot be constructed by previous algorithms. Especially, we discuss some interesting properties of self-orthogonal ternary lexicodes.Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Coset construction of a D-brane gauge field
No full textAbstractD-branes have a world-volume U(1) gauge field A whose field strength F=dA gives rise to a Born–Infeld term in the D-brane action. Supersymmetry and kappa symmetry transformations of A are traditionally inferred by the requirement that the Born–Infeld term is consistent with both supersymmetry and kappa symmetry of the D-brane action. In this paper, we show that integrability of the assigned supersymmetry transformations leads to an extension of the standard supersymmetry algebra that includes a fermionic central charge. We construct a superspace one-form on an enlarged superspace related by a coset construction to this centrally extended algebra whose supersymmetry and kappa symmetry transformations are derived, rather than inferred. It is shown that under pullback, these transformations are of the form expected for the D-brane U(1) gauge field. We relate these results to manifestly supersymmetric approaches to construction of D-brane actions
Extended nodal analysis
No full textThis paper presents an extension to the popular nodal and modified nodal formulation methods that allows elements whose characteristic functions include controlling variables, in addition to voltages and currents, other variables, such as charge, flux, and other physical parameters, to be included in the circuit equation formulation in a straightforward manner. Stamps, similar to nodal and modified nodal circuit element stamps, are developed to include these elements in the circuit matrix equation without the need of deriving equivalent circuit models consisting of interconnections of elements characterized only by currents and voltages, as in the current practice. The method is applied to derive circuit stamps of memristive, memcapacitive, meminductive, and other complex device models. The method reduces the size of the overall circuit matrix and allows easy model evaluation and linearization during the circuit iterative solution process. © 2011 IEEE.Biolek D, 2009, 2009 EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON CIRCUIT THEORY AND DESIGN, VOLS 1 AND 2, P249, DOI 10.1109-ECCTD.2009.5274934; Biolek D, 2011, ANALOG INTEGR CIRC S, V66, P129, DOI 10.1007-s10470-010-9505-5; Biolek D, 2010, ELECTRON LETT, V46, P520, DOI 10.1049-el.2010.0358; Biolek D, 2010, ELECTRON LETT, V46, P1428, DOI 10.1049-el.2010.2309; Biolek D, 2010, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2010 IEEE ASIA PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON CIRCUIT AND SYSTEM (APCCAS), P800, DOI 10.1109-APCCAS.2010.5774993; CHUA LO, 1971, IEEE T CIRCUITS SYST, VCT18, P507, DOI 10.1109-TCT.1971.1083337; CHUA LO, 1976, P IEEE, V64, P209, DOI 10.1109-PROC.1976.10092; Desoer Charies A., 1969, BASIC CIRCUIT THEORY; Di Ventra M, 2009, P IEEE, V97, P1717, DOI 10.1109-JPROC.2009.2021077; Gear CW, 1971, NUMERICAL INITIAL VA; HACHTEL GD, 1971, IEEE T CIRCUITS SYST, VCT18, P101, DOI 10.1109-TCT.1971.1083223; HAJJ I, 1985, COMPUTATIONAL METHOD; HO CW, 1975, IEEE T CIRCUITS SYST, VCA22, P504; Joglekar YN, 2009, EUR J PHYS, V30, P661, DOI 10.1088-0143-0807-30-4-001; Kavehei O, 2010, P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY, V466, P2175, DOI 10.1098-rspa.2009.0553; Lambert J.D., 1991, NUMERICAL METHODS OR; Najm F. N., 2010, CIRCUIT SIMULATION; Pillage L., 1995, ELECT CIRCUIT SYSTEM; Rak A, 2010, IEEE T COMPUT AID D, V29, P632, DOI 10.1109-TCAD.2010.2042900; Shin S, 2010, IEEE T COMPUT AID D, V29, P590, DOI 10.1109-TCAD.2010.2042891; Strukov DB, 2008, NATURE, V453, P80, DOI 10.1038-nature06932; VLACH J, 1994, METHODS CIRCUIT ANAL0
Israelitische Festpredigten und Casualreden
No full texthrsg. von J. Maier, I. N. Mannheimer, G. SalomonAus der Sammlung des Leo Baeck Institute, digitalisiert in Kooperation mit dem Center for Jewish History, NYA note in the first "Heft" claims the writings of I.N. Mannheimer will appear in later volumes. Although I.N. Mannheimer's name appears on the title page, the table of contents does not list him as an author of any of the essays. [Notice of Center for Jewish History, NY
Computer Tomography: Image reconstruction in the presence of noise
No full textIn this research, a stochastic model for attenuation in Computer Tomography is developed. This model gives rise to the idea of using path dependent variance of the measurements (instead of constant variance) to improve image reconstruction. The distribution of the measurements in this model is determined and a difference with the current literature is found, which leads to a refinement of the noise or measurement errors in the model. To use the information about the variance of the measurements in the image reconstruction, a numerical model is considered in which a discretization is made of the tomographic image that has to be reconstructed, i.e., the unknown attenuation coefficients. Incorporating weights to reflect the relation between the area that is traversed by an X-ray beam and the entire area of a pixel in the grid results in a linear system of equations. Because the measurements are not exact, noise is added to this linear system of equations, which leads to a perturbed problem. A transformation of the measurements is needed to obtain the desired linear system of equations. The Delta Method is used for this purpose. Another method used for the transformation of stochastic models, variance stabilization, is briefly considered. The log-likelihood of the unknown attenuation coefficients is determined under different assumptions for the mean and variance of the measurements. A connection is made between the log-likelihood and the (weighted) Least-Squares Estimation, leading to different ideas for the adjustment of the current reconstruction algorithm. Several new reconstruction algorithms are developed to improve the image reconstruction by using the path dependent variance of the noise. Most of these new algorithms result in a better reconstruction than the current algorithm, but a problem is found when the convergence of the iterative algorithms is considered. In addition to the relative error, the log-likelihood function and the weighted sum of squared errors are used to investigate the convergence of the iterative reconstruction algorithms. Relaxation is incorporated into the iterative reconstruction algorithm to improve the convergence. A slightly better convergence is obtained, but progress could be made if a convergent iterative algorithm is found.Applied mathematicsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Development of an IoT sensor for legionella prevention
No full textLegionella is a serious thread to public health. For a lot of facilities, obligated water safety plans need to be executed to minimise the chances of a legionellosis outbreak. Unfortunately, these water safety plans are not always executed properly. With the stoppage sensor of Octo Facility Management, there is an opportunity to create a difference in public health, by making it more convenient to execute these water safety plans. Tap points within these facilities need to be weekly flushed for at least two minutes to make sure there is no stagnant water in the water pipe system. The sensor registers if a tap point is used, eliminating the tap points that already have been refreshed during the week. This method can save a lot of water, time and money, and also creates a much better overview of actual risks of legionella contamination in buildings. Subject to this graduation project was to improve the technical performance and usibility of the sensor. The new generation sensor is improved in usability, by creating a vision for the installation process and general use of the product. Guiding the user with a step-by-step guide through the installation process, the user is able to install the sensor without the help of Octo. The sensor itself is designed in a way that it is easy to install and easy to understand by colour coded clamps.With the use of a reference sensor the sensor output can be validated to meet the legionella prevention regulations. New use of data can also initiate the discussion in how the regulations can be interpreted differently.Integrated Product Desig
Microbial tightness of O-ring seals. Case study: duodenoscopes: Evaluation of the sealing efficiency against bacteria of the distal O-ring seal of the Olympus TJF-Q180V duodenoscope
No full textSealing constructions are frequently used in reusable instruments to prevent the loss of fluids or gasses in a construction by obstructing flow through the glands in the interface of two or more separate parts, and may be applied to seal patients' body fluids. Patient material contains various types of microorganisms, and with the increase of infections associated with multi-drug resistant bacteria, information about tightness of seals with regards to microorganisms becomes increasingly more important. The bacterial tightness of airtight (at 240 mbar) reproductions of the O-ring sealing construction in the distal tip of Olympus TJF-Q180V duodenoscopes were evaluated. During test runs of this systematic investigation, all product and usage variables expected to influence microbial leakage were closely controlled. The results showed that airtight O-ring seals can leak bacteria, even in static conditions, and moreover, rotation of the axle was found to be a significant bateria leakage promoting factor. With regards to prevention of infections, medical designers, manufacturers and safety controllers should have knowledge of this insight. More systematic research in this manner, for exampe using ISO 3601-2 complying sizes, would provide valuable information.Mechanical, Maritime and Materials EngineeringBiomechanical EngineeringMedical Instruments & Medical Safet
Extradition of European Union Citizens anywhere except the Russian Federation: The Case of I.N
No full textIn its recent practice, the Court of Justice of the European Union has held that European Free Trade Association (EFTA) nationals enjoy the same level of protection against extradition to a third state as EU citizens. This article analyses the reasoning of the Court and establishes a link with previous decisions on extradition matters. The author concludes that the test for extradition is still forming and its application lacks clarity and [email protected] Turkina – PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (Russia).Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, RussiaAgreement on extradition between the European Union and the United States of America of 25 June 2003 (O.J. 2003 L 181, 19.07.2003).Agreement on the European Economic Area (O.J. L 1, 3.01.1994).Böse M., Mutual recognition, extradition to third countries and Union citizenship: Petruhhin, “Common Market Law Review” 2017, vol. 54, no 6.Costa M. J., The emerging EU extradition Law. Petruhhin and beyond, “New Journal of European Criminal Law” 2017, vol. 8, no 2.Council Decision (EU) No 2014/835 of 27 November 2014 on the conclusion of the Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Iceland and the Kingdom of Norway on the surrender procedure between the Member States of the European Union and Iceland and Norway
(O.J. 2014 L 343, 28.11.2014).Council Framework Decision (JHA) 2002/584 of 13 June 2002 on the European arrest warrant and the surrender procedures between Member States (O.J. L 190, 18.7.2002).Coutts S., From Union citizens to national subjects: Pisciotti, “Common Market Law Review” 2019, vol. 56, no 2.European Convention on Extradition, signed in Paris on 13 December 1957.Judgment of CJEU of 10 April 2018 on the case of Romano Pisciotti v Bundesrepublik Deutschland, C 191/16.Judgment of CJEU of 2 April 2020 on the case of criminal proceedings against I.N., C 897/19 PPU.Judgment of CJEU of 6 September 2016 on the case of proceedings relating to the extradition of Aleksei Petruhhin, C 182/15.Opinion of Advocate General Tanchev of 27 February 2020 on the case Ruska Federacija v I.N., C 897/19 PPU, points 78–79.Order of CJEU of 6 September 2017 on the case Peter Schotthöfer & Florian Steiner GbR v Eugen Adelsmayr, C 473/15.Regulation (EU) No 604/2013 of 26 June 2013 establishing the criteria and mechanisms for determining the Member State responsible for examining an application for international protection lodged in one of the Member States by a third-country national or a stateless person (O.J. L 180, 29.06.2013).Договор между Российской Федерацией и Латвийской Республикой о правовой помощи и правовых отношениях по гражданским, семейным и уголовным делам от 03.02.1993. (Dogovor miezdu Rossiiskoi Fiedieraciei I Latviiskoi Respublikoi o pravovoi pomoszczi i pravovych otnoszeniach po grazdanskim, siemieinym I ugolovnym dielam ot 03.02.1993).26113114
Stem cells for age-related macular degeneration
No full text
L.K. Moshetova1, O.I. Abramova1, I.N. Saburina2,3, K.I. Turkina2
1Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
2Institute for Molecular and Personalized Medicine, branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
3Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Unique biological properties of stem cells offer infinite opportunities to use them for numerous degenerative disorders. Thus, in ophthalmology cell replacement therapy is a prospective approach to manage irreversible retinal cell death in age-related macular degeneration. Currently, this disorder is the leading cause of disability, blindness, and reduced quality of life in people aged over 50 in developed countries and is therefore important medical social issue. None of current treatment approaches can either turn back or prevent pre-existing retinal cell degeneration. Therefore, cell replacement therapy and regenerative medicine are promising modalities since they are characterized by much greater prospects than traditional treatment. This paper reviews recent advantages in the treatment for this incurable disorder using various types of stem cells (i.e., mesenchymal, embryonic, and induced pluripotent stem cells). This paper first gives a brief overview of age-related macu lar degeneration and then describes the methods of retinal cell generation.
Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, stem cells, eye tissue regeneration, pluripotent stem cells, clinical application of stem cells, regenerative medicine, cell therapy, tissue engineering.
For citation: Moshetova L.K., Abramova O.I., Saburina I.N., Turkina K.I. Stem cells for age-related macular degeneration. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2019;19(3):143–148.
About the authors:
1Larisa K. Moshetova — MD, PhD, Academician of RAS, Head of the Department of Ophthalmology, ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5899-2714;
1Olga I. Abramova — MD, postgraduate student of the Department of Ophthalmology, ORCID iD 0000-0002-6156-6126;
2,3Irina N. Saburina — PhD, Professor, Principal Researcher, Head of Laboratory, ORCID iD 0000-0003-2014-2535;
1Kseniya I. Turkina — MD, PhD, associate professor of the Department of Ophthalmology, ORCID iD 0000-0002-4989-7467.
1Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education. 2/1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation.
2Institute for Molecular and Personalized Medicine. 7, Build. 2, 2nd Botkinskiy Pass., Moscow, 125284, Russian Federation.
3Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology.
8, Baltijskaya Str., Moscow, 125315, Russian Federation.
Contact information: Olga I. Abramova, e-mail: [email protected]. Financial Disclosure: no author has a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned. There is no conflict of interests. Received 17.07.2019.
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