106,090 research outputs found
“Censura e controcensura. I testi didattici inglesi nella scuola secondaria tra ideologia fascista e defascistizzazione”
No full textThis essay proposes a preliminary investigation of the control measures that the fascist government in Italy and, just after the Liberation, the Allied Military Government Education Sub-commission took upon over the educative tools employed for the teaching and the study of the English language in secondary schools. The authors and editors reacted differently: some followed the Ministry’s provision and published an emended edition, others decided to interrupt the publication of the book. This study focuses on a selection of English schoolbooks that underwent the pre- and post-fascist control. The anthology Letture inglesi by Guido Fornelli, which was not republished despite the very limited number of pages censored by the Commission, and Achille Sardo’s Cento lezioni pratiche di inglese, which survived to both censorships
Kharaj Menurut Ulama Salaf dan Khalaf
No full textTuti Mulyani,2014. Kharaj Menurut Ulama Salaf dan Khalaf. Skripsi, Jurusan Perbandingan Mazhab (PM). Fakultas Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam. Pembimbing: (I) Drs. H. Ruslan, M.Ag. (II) Imam Alfiannor, M.HI.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya perbedaan pendapat para ulama tentang kharaj, pengelolaan yang berbeda dari zaman dahulu sampai sekarang seiring perkembangan zaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ketentuan pengelolaan dan hukum kharaj dalam perbedaan pendapat ulama salaf dan khalaf, yaitu menyangkut bagaimana ketentuan kharaj dan persamaan serta perbedaan kedua Ulama tersebut.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif, yang berusaha untuk menghasilkan data berupa literatur bentuk-bentuk bahan tertulis. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dapat pula digolongkan sebagai penelitian kepustakaan (library research), karena menggunakan sejumlah literatur sebagai bahan hukum dengan tujuan menggambarkan secara mendalam (diskriptifanalisis) mengenai konsep kharaj menurut ulama salaf dan khalaf, yang berusaha untuk membandingkan data yang diperoleh. Kemudian data yang diperoleh tersebut diolah dengan beberapa teknik Editing, Kategorisasi, Interprestasi, dan Studi komparatif.
Dari hasil penelusuran diperoleh data adalah sebagai berikut, pada dasarnya bahwa kharaj adalah pungutan atas tanah atau bumi namun kharaj tersebut dikenakan atas tanah kharajiyah atau tanah hasil taklukkan orang-rang muslim atas orang-orang non-muslim.
Persamaan dan perbedaan antara ulama Salaf dan Khalaf dalam kharaj, terdapat beberapa persamaan yaitu dari segi pengertian kharaj, kepemilikan tanah kharaj, jenis tanah, penentuan, pengukuran, dan untuk perbedaan tentang kharaj terdapat beberapa perbedaan yaitu dari segi pengertian kharaj, kepemilikan tanah kharaj, jenis tanah, penentuan, pengukuran kharaj
Supplemental Material - Before reliable near infrared spectroscopic analysis - the critical sampling proviso. Part 1. Generalised theory of sampling
No full textSupplemental Material for Before reliable near infrared spectroscopic analysis - the critical sampling proviso. Part 1. Generalised theory of sampling by Kim H Esbensen and Nawaf Abu-Khalaf in Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Status of liver transplantation in the Arab world
No full text[No abstract available]Alkuwari H, 2014, TRANSPLANTATION, V97, P3, DOI 10.1097-01.TP.0000437564.15965.2e; Allam N, 2010, AM J TRANSPLANT, V10, P1834, DOI 10.1111-j.1600-6143.2010.03088.x; Al-Sebayel M, 2007, ANN SAUDI MED, V27, P333; Arnold R, 2002, TRANSPLANTATION, V73, P1361, DOI 10.1097-00007890-200204270-00034; Bentabak K, 2005, TRANSPLANT P, V37, P2873, DOI 10.1016-j.transproceed.2005.05.008; Broumand B, 2013, TRANSPLANTATION, V96, P765, DOI 10.1097-01.tp.0000436099.27866.30; Budiani-Saberi D, 2011, TRANSPL INT, V24, P317, DOI 10.1111-j.1432-2277.2010.01189.x; Danovitch GM, 2013, TRANSPLANTATION, V95, P1306, DOI 10.1097-TP.0b013e318295ee7d; Daw MA, 2012, SCI WORLD J, V2012; El-Meteini M, 2010, HPB, V12, P109, DOI 10.1111-j.1477-2574.2009.00142.x; Faraj W, 2010, ANN TRANSPL, V15, P25; Gasim Gasim Ibrahim, 2013, Arab J Gastroenterol, V14, P35, DOI 10.1016-j.ajg.2013.04.002; HABIB NA, 1993, INT SURG, V78, P121; Hamdy S, 2013, THEOR MED BIOETH, V34, P147, DOI 10.1007-s11017-013-9245-5; Huang JF, 2013, TRANSPLANTATION, V96, P5, DOI 10.1097-TP.0b013e3182985491; JAWDAT M, 1992, TRANSPLANTATION, V54, P766; Kamel Emad, 2012, Saudi J Anaesth, V6, P234, DOI 10.4103-1658-354X.101214; Khalaf H, 2007, TRANSPL P, V39, P829, DOI 10.1016-j.transproceed.2007.03.003; Khalaf H, 2013, EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT, V11, P423, DOI 10.6002-ect.2013.0194; Khalaf H, 2005, SAUDI MED J, V26, P1394; Mohamoud YA, 2013, BMC INFECT DIS, V13, DOI 10.1186-1471-2334-13-288; Salah T, 2012, J GASTROINTEST SURG, V16, P1181, DOI 10.1007-s11605-012-1851-4; Shaheen FAM, 1996, TRANSPLANT P, V28, P247; Yosry A, 2008, TRANSPL P, V40, P1481, DOI 10.1016-j.transproceed.2008.03.0850
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
TESTING THE PRICING-TO-MARKET HYPOTHESIS CASE OF THE TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT INDUSTRY
No full textMost of the evidence in favor of pricing-to-market (PTM) was obtained by estimating partial equilibrium models using OLS, instrumental variable (IV) and single-equation error-correction methods. However, we know from the recent econometric literature that Wald tests applied to some of these estimates may give erroneous results in the presence of endogeneity and weak instruments. In this paper we examine the reliability of the evidence supporting the hypothesis of pricing-to-market using LIML-based LR Monte Carlo tests. These tests, developed by Dufour and Khalaf (1998), have good power and, unlike the Wald test, also have the correct test size.We first estimate a typical PTM model by OLS and subject certain regressors to a test for exogeneity which does not depend on the "quality" of instruments used. Since the null is rejected, we then re-estimate the model by both IV and limited information maximum likelihood methods. Subsequently, we apply Wald and LR-based tests to the parameters of interest to examine the hypothesis of PTM. We find that the size-correct Monte Carlo LR-based test reverses half of the results obtained from the popular Wald test indicating that PTM may not be as widespread as previously believed. In addition, our results support the viewpoint suggesting that PTM behavior is likely to be present in the same industry across different countries and that pass-through is possibly higher with a larger market share of exports.The above findings are illustrated using the model developed by Marston (1990) and our analysis is conducted for export pricing firms in the transportation equipment industry for three country pairs: Canada exporting to the United States, the United States exporting to Canada, and Japan exporting to (mainly) the United States.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
How are different leadership behaviours perceived and enacted in emergency medical departments in Saudi Arabian public hospitals?
No full textLeadership behaviours play a key role in achieving organisational success. Leadership is commonly perceived as a world-wide concept throughout different countries; however, the way in which it is conceptualised and operationalised is viewed as culturally specific. Existing leadership research often overlooks the impact of context (Bryman et al. 1996; Denise and Yitzhak 2001; Osborn et al. 2002) and culture (Hofstede 2001; House et al. 2004) on leadership and its effectiveness. Leadership research is mainly the product of models and constructions developed in Western cultures, while little is understood about leadership in other cultures (Tsui 2004). Dickson et al. (2012) argue that most leadership models have a North-American bias, an orientation which has caused many academics to recognise the importance of investigating leadership approaches and characteristics in non-Western contexts. The current research aims to identify, characterise and explain the dynamics of leadership behaviours as these are understood and operationalised by the managers of hospital emergency departments in Saudi Arabia. A constructionist research philosophy is adopted in this research. This study employs qualitative research methods to investigate the leadership behaviours used by managers in hospital-based emergency departments. The research employed a purposive sampling method to recruit participants from five hospital emergency departments located in three urban cities in Saudi Arabia. A total of 30 participants were recruited for the study between May and September, 2015; data were gathered via semi-structured interviews. The participants were 15 managers and 15 medical staff. Managers included the heads of emergency departments, their deputies and head nurses. Medical staff included physicians and nursing staff. Data were analysed using thematic analysis techniques. The findings which emerge from this study are grounded in the data. The themes explored were: a) rewarding leadership, b) responsive leadership, c) role-modelling, d) democratic leadership, e) staff-development leadership, f) recognition leadership, g) supportive leadership, h) lenient leadership and i) strict leadership. Managers use these leadership behaviours to address several contextual factors in emergency departments, including pressure, stress, over-crowding, staff related conflicts, staff-patient-related conflicts, responding to unexpected situations and disciplining staff members who make mistakes that might harm staff or patients. It was found that these different leadership behaviours are mainly influenced by the context of the emergency department and the culture of Saudi Arabia, based on Islamic religion and social norms
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