309 research outputs found
A quantitative framework for the 3D characterization of the osteocyte lacunar system
No full textAssessing the role of osteocyte lacunae and the ways in which they communicate with one another is important for determining the function and viability of bone tissue. Osteocytes are able to play a significant role in bone development and remodeling because they can receive nourishment from, interact with, and communicate with other cells. In this sense the immediate environment of an osteocyte is crucial for understanding its function. Modern imaging techniques, ranging from synchrotron radiation-based computed tomography (SR CT) to confocal laser scanning microscopy, produce large volumes of high-quality imaging data of bone tissue on the micrometer scale in rapidly shortening times. These images often contain tens of thousands of osteocytes and their lacunae, void spaces which enclose the osteocytes. While theoretically possible, quantitative analysis of the osteocyte lacunar system is too time consuming to be practical without highly automated tools. Moreover, quantitative morphometry of the osteocyte lacunar system necessitates clearly defined, robust, and three-dimensional (3D) measures. Here, we introduce a framework for the quantitative characterization of millions of osteocyte lacunae and their spatial relationships in 3D. The metrics complement and expand previous works looking at shape and number density while providing novel measures for quantifying spatial distribution and alignment. We developed model, in silico systems to visualize and validate the metrics and provide a concrete example of the attribute being classified with each metric. We then illustrate the applicability to biological samples in a first study comparing two strains of mice and the effect of growth hormone. We found significant differences in shape and distribution between strains for alignment. The proposed quantitative framework can be used in future studies examining differences and treatment effects in bone microstructure at the cell scale. Furthermore, the proposed strategy for quantitative bone cell morphometry will allow investigating structure–function relationships in bone tissue, for example by linking cellular morphometry to bone remodelin
[Photograph 2012.201.B0072.0359]
No full textPhotograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Weber State's Johnnie Moore, left, and Alaska-Anchorage;s Kevin Mader battle for a rebound during Wednesday night's game..
Palaeosyopinae
No full textSubfamily PALAEOSYOPINAE Steinmann and Döderlein 1890 Included genera: Palaeosyops (= Limnohyus, Limnohyops, Eometarhinus). Diagnosis: Same as for member genus, Palaeosyops (see below). Sister taxon to all brontothere subfamilies except for the Eotitanopinae (see cladogram in Mader 1998, Fig. 36.5) Discussion: Palaeosyops is the sole member of the Palaeosyopinae (Steinmann & D derlein 1890). Because the subfamily Palaeosyopinae consist of only a single genus, the diagnosis of the subfamily does not differ from that of its member genus. Although Palaeosyopinae is recognized here as the valid name for this subfamily, it should be noted that the invalid name Limnohyinae predates it by fifteen years. Marsh (1875) compared Diplacodon to the "Limnohyidae," a previously unpublished family-group name. Marsh did not specify which taxa were to be included under this name, although it is obvious that it must include Lymnohyus (a junior synonym of Palaeosyops). According to the Principle of Coordination (Article 36, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Ride et al. 1999) this simultaneously established the subfamily name Limnohyinae with Marsh (1875) as the author. If the names Limnohyidae and Limnohyinae were to be valid, therefore, the subfamily name Limnohyinae would be a senior synonym of Palaeosyopinae. Although Marsh did not explicitly specify a type genus for the Limnohyinae, the subfamily name cannot be invalidated on this basis since the type genus (Limnohyus) can be clearly inferred from the construction of the name (Article 11.7. 1.1 International Code of Zoological Nomenclature). Furthermore, even though the genus Limnohyus is now recognized as a junior synonym of Palaeosyops, the family-group name Limnohyinae cannot be invalidated on this ground (Article 40.1). However, according to Article 11.7. 1.2, in order for a family group name to be valid, it must be clearly used by the original author to "denote a suprageneric taxon and not merely as a plural noun or adjective referring to the members of a genus...". The name Limnohyinae is invalid, therefore, because it is not clear from the context of Marsh's paper whether the term Limnohyidae was intended to apply to Limnohyus and some of the other brontothere genera then recognized (such as Palaeosyops and Telmatherium), or merely to the three species of Limnohyus described by Marsh and Cope up to that time.Published as part of Mader, Bryn J., 2010, A species-level revision of the North American brontotheres Eotitanops and Palaeosyops (Mammalia, Perissodactyla), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 2339 on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19327
How political are national identities? A comparison of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany in the 2010s
No full textThis is the final version of the article. Available from SAGE Publications via the DOI in this record.Original data supporting this research are available from the UK Data Archive (Study Number 851142): http://dx.doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-851142/Research demonstrates the multi-dimensional nature of American identity arguing that the normative content of American identity relates to political ideologies in the United States, but the sense of belonging to the nation does not. This paper replicates that analysis and extends it to the German and British cases. Exploratory structural equation modeling attests to cross-cultural validity of measures of the sense of belonging and norms of uncritical loyalty and engagement for positive change. In the 2010s, we find partisanship and ideology in all three nations explains levels of belonging and the two content dimensions. Interestingly, those identifying with major parties of the left and right in all three countries have a higher sense of belonging and uncritical loyalty than their moderate counterparts. The relationship between partisanship, ideology, and national identity seems to wax and wane over time, presumably because elite political discourse linking party or ideology to identity varies from one political moment to the next.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Data collection was funded by a grant from the Economic and Social Research Council of the United Kingdom (RES-061-25-0405)
Beyond Inca roads: archaeological mobilities from the high Andes to the Pacific in southern Peru
No full textFil: Beresford-Jones, David G. University of Cambridge; Reino UnidoFil: Beresford-Jones, David G. University of Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Mader, Christian. University of Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Lane, Kevin John. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de las Culturas; ArgentinaFil: Cadwallader, Lauren. Public Library of Science; Reino UnidoFil: Gräfingholt, Benedikt. Technische Hochschule Georg Agricola; AlemaniaFil: Chauca, George. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Escuela Profesional de Arqueología; PerúFil: Grant Lett Brown, Jennifer Luisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Hölzl, Stefan. RiesKraterMuseum Nördlingen; AlemaniaFil: Coll, Luis Vicente Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de las Culturas; ArgentinaFil: Lang, Matthias. University of Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Isla, Johny. Nasca-Palpa Management Plan, Ministerio de Cultura; PerúFil: French, Charles. University of Cambridge; Reino UnidoFil: Reindel, Markus. German Archaeological Institute, Commission for the Archaeology of Non-European Cultures; AlemaniaThe Andes offers a particularly effective focus for an archaeology of mobility because their extreme topography compresses enormous vertical resource diversity across short horizontal distances. In this article, the authors combine findings from two large-scale archaeological studies of adjacent watersheds—the Nasca-Palpa Project and One River Project—to provide the necessary context in which to explore changing mobilities from the Archaic Period to the Inca Empire, and from the Pacific coast to the high Andes. Analyses of obsidian lithics and stable isotopes in human hair are used to argue that changing patterns of mobility offer a new way of defining the ‘Horizons’ that have long dominated concepts of periodisation here.Beresford-Jones, D. G., Mader, C., Lane, K. J., Cadwallader, L., Gräfingholt, B., Chauca, G., Grant Lett Brown, J. L, Hölzl, S., Coll, L. V. J., Lang, M., Isla, J., French, C. y Reindel, M. (2023). Beyond Inca roads: archaeological mobilities from the high Andes to the Pacific in southern Peru. Antiquity, 97(391), 194-212
Beyond Inca roads: archaeological mobilities from the high Andes to the Pacific in southern Peru
No full textFil: Beresford-Jones, David G. University of Cambridge; Reino UnidoFil: Beresford-Jones, David G. University of Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Mader, Christian. University of Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Lane, Kevin John. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de las Culturas; ArgentinaFil: Cadwallader, Lauren. Public Library of Science; Reino UnidoFil: Gräfingholt, Benedikt. Technische Hochschule Georg Agricola; AlemaniaFil: Chauca, George. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Escuela Profesional de Arqueología; PerúFil: Grant Lett Brown, Jennifer Luisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Hölzl, Stefan. RiesKraterMuseum Nördlingen; AlemaniaFil: Coll, Luis Vicente Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de las Culturas; ArgentinaFil: Lang, Matthias. University of Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Isla, Johny. Nasca-Palpa Management Plan, Ministerio de Cultura; PerúFil: French, Charles. University of Cambridge; Reino UnidoFil: Reindel, Markus. German Archaeological Institute, Commission for the Archaeology of Non-European Cultures; AlemaniaThe Andes offers a particularly effective focus for an archaeology of mobility because their extreme topography compresses enormous vertical resource diversity across short horizontal distances. In this article, the authors combine findings from two large-scale archaeological studies of adjacent watersheds—the Nasca-Palpa Project and One River Project—to provide the necessary context in which to explore changing mobilities from the Archaic Period to the Inca Empire, and from the Pacific coast to the high Andes. Analyses of obsidian lithics and stable isotopes in human hair are used to argue that changing patterns of mobility offer a new way of defining the ‘Horizons’ that have long dominated concepts of periodisation here.Beresford-Jones, D. G., Mader, C., Lane, K. J., Cadwallader, L., Gräfingholt, B., Chauca, G., Grant Lett Brown, J. L, Hölzl, S., Coll, L. V. J., Lang, M., Isla, J., French, C. y Reindel, M. (2023). Beyond Inca roads: archaeological mobilities from the high Andes to the Pacific in southern Peru. Antiquity, 97(391), 194-212
Cycadophila (Cycadophila) discimaculata Mader, new combination
No full textCycadophila (Cycadophila) discimaculata (Mader), new combination Figs. 9 A–F Pharaxonotha discimaculata Mader 1939: 46; Węgrzynowicz 2007: 536. Pharaxonata [sic] discimaculata: Mader 1955: 65. Adult diagnosis. A member of Cycadophila (Cycadophila) nigra species group as discussed above, readily distinguished from other member of the genus by the narrowed body, nearly quadrate pronotum, and color pattern. Adult description. Length 4.06–4.29 mm, width 1.53–1.59 mm. Body in dorsal view elongate, sides nearly straight and parallel, greatest width at middle of elytra; in lateral view convex dorsally. General body and appendage color dark reddish-brown, pronotum with orange-brown sides, elytra mostly orange-brown with dark maculation along suture nearly touching base, widening broad central spot, ending 1/3 elytral length from apex; dorsal surface distinctly punctate, surface appearing slightly shiny, dorsal punctation with short procumbent hairs, ventrally mostly covered with short procumbent setae. Head in dorsal view conical, gradually narrowed apically, surface convex, distinctly punctured; width 1.0 mm; dorsal interocular distance 0.50–0.58 mm, head width/dorsal interocular distance ratio 1.65–1.73, ventral interocular distance 0.38–0.40 mm, head width/ventral interocular distance ratio 2.38–2.53. Eye globular; bordered dorsally with short supraocular stria at basal 1/3 of eye; projected laterally, with large black facets and short, inconspicuous interfacetal setae. Frons with short, dark, subcuticular suture on each side, approximately 1/4 width of frons in length, extending obliquely to lateral margin above and anterior to antennal insertion. Antennal length about 3/4 pronotal width, and slightly longer than head width, antennomere relative lengths from base to end approximately 13:11:13:10:10:10:10:10:15:15:18; antennomere I (scape) fairly large, slightly elongate, antennomere II slightly smaller than III; IV–VIII small, width equals length; club fairly large, IX–XI similar in length, XI globular. Clypeus truncate anteriorly, anterior margin with long setae; densely punctate; somewhat emarginate, with narrow margin. Maxillary palp palpomeres II, III slightly longer than wide; IV elongate oval, apex densely papillate; relative lengths of II–IV approximately 4:3:7. Labium with mentum pentagonal with carina forming triangular plate projecting medially, with distinct lateral pockets; labial palpomere III elongate-oval. Mentum and submentum with moderate punctation and setation, setae short. Gular area smooth, without setae or punctation, except near suture with submentum where a shallow depression present with setose punctures. Thorax with pronotum transverse in dorsal view, with marginal beads on all sides; length/width ratio 0.70– 0.73, convex, nearly parallel-sided; anterior angles projecting, weakly angulate; lateral carinae nearly straight, with thin bead, bead bearing row of setose punctures; posterior angles sharp, nearly 90o; posterior margin projecting medially; with narrow, short longitudinal furrow posterolaterally, beginning at pore on posterior margin, extending forward and ending abruptly, length of furrows relative to pronotal length 0.16–0.18. Prosternum with anterior margin slightly emarginate, finely denticulate with fringe of long, anteriorly directed setae; posterior prosternal process truncate. Hypomeron with coarse punctures laterally, medially without longitudinal striations. Scutellar shield transverse, posterior margin projected, pentagonal. Elytra elongate nearly parallel sided, convex; length/ width 3.40–3.63, greatest width near midlength; with marginal bead basally, scutellary striole with 8–10 punctures; intervals of striae with distinct punctures. All elytral punctures bearing a single short seta; seta length less than interpuncture distance. Punctation on meso- and metaventrite distinct. Metaventrite long, convex laterally, slightly impressed medially, metathoracic discrimen extending slightly over half metaventrite length. Legs narrow, similar in length; femora compressed laterally; tibiae shorter than femora, weakly dilated to narrow apex. Protibia not dilated at apex, with fine setal fringe on ventral, lateral margin smooth without stout spinules. Meso- and metatibia narrow, similar to protibia. Abdomen with 5 ventrites bearing fine punctures; anterior margin with intercoxal process narrow, with triangular point anteromedially, lateral edges slightly projected, lateral and posterior margins arcuate, converging posteriorly; anterior and posterior margins of ventrites more or less straight; ventrite I lacking subcoxal line, slightly longer medially than II; I–IV each with pair short hairs located adjacent to midline (often abraded); II–IV subequal in length; V slightly longer than IV with lateral margins converging posteriorly to a rounded apex bearing row of short appressed, densely arranged setae. Male genitalia (tegmen and median lobe of aedeagus) twisted approximately 45o toward the left side of animal and resting on side. Tegmen sclerotized, triangular, gently twisted; with anterior region ring-like, posterior region sheath-like, posterior margin slightly arcuate; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly; dorsally with 2 large, elongate, somewhat coniform parameres. Parameres with long setae apically; length/width ratio 2.5 0. Aedeagus with median lobe short, slender, highly sclerotized, apex long and acuminate. Ratio of median lobe length to penile strut length 2:9. Female not notably different externally from male paratype. Type locality. Tienmuschan, N.W. China. Range. China. The region cited in the label of the holotype, N.W. China, would correspond in modern China to arid Xinjiang Province and may be an error. The type locality, Tienmuschan, most closely corresponds with Tienmushan, Zhejiang Province in coastal eastern China, which borders the northern boundary of Fujian Province, the other known locality of this species. Material examined. Holotype female with the following labels (Fig. 9 D): 1) [rectangular; white; printed in black ink] “ Tienmuschan, N.W. China Rtt.”; 2) [rectangular; red, printed and hand written in black ink] “Holo- TYPUS discimaculata M.”; 3) [rectangular; white; hand written in black ink] “ Pharaxanota [sic] discimaculata Mad. ”. Deposited in NHMB (examined). Paratype male with the following labels: 1) [rectangular; white; printed in black ink, with black border] “ Tienmuschan, N.W. China Rtt.”; 2) [rectangular; pink, printed and hand written in black ink] “Para- COTYPUS discimaculata M.” (NHMB, examined). Others examined: CHINA: Fujian Prov., Wuyishan City, Guadun Vill.; 27o 44'N, 117 o 33'E, 1200–1500m; 25-V-2012, PENG & DAI leg. (2). Deposited in SNUC, FSCA. Remarks. Two species of Cycas are native to Fujian Province, China (Ye 1999; Liu & Qin 2004), one of the known localities for this beetle. Author W. Tang recently visited Wuyishan in Fujian, one of the collection localities and found Cycas cultivated in that city.Published as part of Skelley, Paul, Xu, Guang, Tang, William, Lindström, Anders J., Marler, Thomas, Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh, Singh, Rita & Rich, Stephen, 2017, Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species, pp. 1-63 in Zootaxa 4267 (1) on pages 29-31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.57564
High-throughput, synchrotron based tomographic microscopy tools for the quantitative characterization of complex structures: A bone and foam study
No full textCollege Students & Religion: An Examination of Yinger\u27s Non-Doctrinal Religion Questions as Residual Religion
No full textThe author hopes to emphasize, as Yinger did, the idea of how one is religious rather than simply asking if one is religious. The following research deals with college students and their orientation toward religion. The author will attempt both to define and to show the origin of college students\u27 orientation toward religion
God's country a novel
No full textCurt Mader, a rancher whose homestead has been burned and his wife carried off by a bunch of cowboys, hires Bubba, a black tracker, to help him find her. The white is a coward, the black a reluctant hero. A parody of how the west was won by the author of Zulus
- …
