889 research outputs found
Exploring Japanese olive oil consumer behavior
No full textDuring the last two decades, olive oil consumption in Japan is showing an increasing trend due to dietary and health concerns. Traditional olive oil producer and exporter countries such as Italy, Spain and Tunisia have interest to reinforce and to increase their penetration in the Japanese market. This study examines Japanese olive oil consumer behaviour by the use of the conjoint analysis technique. Five attributes have been chosen to design the experiment: region of origin, price, olive oil type, taste and colour. Two models have been estimated where the price variable was introduced in its discrete form in the first model and in its linear and quadratic from in the second model. In a second step, consumer segmentation was undertaken based on consumption frequencies. Two groups have been identified: “heavy consumers” and “light or potential consumers”. The main results indicate the importance of the selected variables in Japanese olive oil consumer' choice. Olive oil with Mediterranean or Tunisian origin has higher probabilities to be chosen than Italian or Spanish one. Japanese consumers prefer a green with bland taste olive oil. Concerning olive oil type, results indicate that refined olive oil has more probability to be chosen than virgin or extra-virgin one, indicating low awareness of Japanese consumers about olive oil. The price variable estimates have shown a convex utility curve indicating a decrease of consumers’ utility when price increases till a maximum price. Above that price, consumers’ utility increase indicating in that case that olive oil is considered as a luxurious product. Differences as well as similarities have been detected among consumer segments.Olive oil, Japan, consumer behavior, Consumer/Household Economics,
English folk songs from the southern Appalachians : comprising two hundred and seventy-four songs and ballads with nine hundred and sixty-eight tunes, including thirty-nine tunes contributed by Olive Dame Campbell. Volume II
No full textA collection of folk songs gathered by Cecil Sharp and Olive Campbell, and edited by Maud Karples, from the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Volume two contains 135 songs, 5 hymns, 27 nursery songs, 15 jigs, and 20 play-party games.Herbert Halpert Collection. -- Includes index. -- First edition, "by Olive Dame Campbell and Cecil J. Sharp," published in 1917.Includes bibliographical references (p. 402-405)
Yield determination in olive hedgerow orchards. I. Yield and profiles of yield components in north–south and east–west oriented hedgerows
No full textA study of the vertical distribution of flowering and fruit set and of components of yield (fruit numbers, fruit size, and fruit oil content) was maintained for 2 years in N–S- and E–W-oriented olive hedgerows of comparable structure (row spacing 4m, hedgerow height to 2.5 m, width c. 1m) near Toledo, Spain (39.98N). Mean yield of the N–S orchard was 1854 kg oil/ha without difference between sides or years. Yield of the E–W orchard was greater in 2006, producing 2290 kg/ha, but only 1840 kg/ha in 2007, the same as the N–S orchard. The S side of the E–Worchard yielded more (59%) than the N side in 2007. In both orchards and years, most fruit was produced at 1.0–2.0m height and fruit density was the most influential component in these differences, reflecting more intense bud initiation in these upper layers. Other components that determined fruit number, fertile inflorescences, fruits per fertile inflorescence, and fruit drop were not significantly different between layers. Fruit characteristics depended on hedgerow position. In both N–S and E–W hedgerows, fruit high in the hedgerow was the largest, most mature, and with highest oil content. These differences were more marked in N–S than in E–W hedgerows. Fruit growth and development were concentrated from the middle of September until the end November. Oil content per fruit increased linearly during that period when 65% of final oil content was accumulated. Similar patterns were observed between sides. The results of yield and yield profiles are discussed in the general context of light interception. The results suggest the importance of hedgerow porosity, and distinct penetration patterns of direct-beam radiation through N–S and E–W hedgerows, as the basis for explanation of the high yield of the N side of E–W hedgerows
Acute Ethanol Administration Rapidly Increases Phosphorylation of Conventional Protein Kinase C in Specific Mammalian Brain Regions in Vivo
No full textBackground
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of isoenzymes that regulate a variety of functions in the central nervous system including neurotransmitter release, ion channel activity, and cell differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that specific isoforms of PKC influence a variety of behavioral, biochemical, and physiological effects of ethanol in mammals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute ethanol exposure alters phosphorylation of conventional PKC isoforms at a threonine 674 (p-cPKC) site in the hydrophobic domain of the kinase, which is required for its catalytic activity.
Methods
Male rats were administered a dose range of ethanol (0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g/kg, intragastric) and brain tissue was removed 10 minutes later for evaluation of changes in p-cPKC expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods.
Results
Immunohistochemical data show that the highest dose of ethanol (2 g/kg) rapidly increases p-cPKC immunoreactivity specifically in the nucleus accumbens (core and shell), lateral septum, and hippocampus (CA3 and dentate gyrus). Western blot analysis further showed that ethanol (2 g/kg) increased p-cPKC expression in the P2 membrane fraction of tissue from the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus. Although p-cPKC was expressed in numerous other brain regions, including the caudate nucleus, amygdala, and cortex, no changes were observed in response to acute ethanol. Total PKC? immunoreactivity was surveyed throughout the brain and showed no change following acute ethanol injection
The transcriptional response to the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) reveals extended differences between tolerant and susceptible olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties
No full textThe olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the most devastating pest of cultivated olive (Olea europaea L.). Intraspecific variation in plant resistance to B. oleae has been described only at phenotypic level. In this work, we used a transcriptomic approach to study the molecular response to the olive fruit fly in two olive cultivars with contrasting level of susceptibility. Using next-generation pyrosequencing, we first generated a catalogue of more than 80,000 sequences expressed in drupes from approximately 700k reads. The assembled sequences were used to develop a microarray layout with over 60,000 olive-specific probes. The differential gene expression analysis between infested (i.e. with II or III instar larvae) and control drupes indicated a significant intraspecific variation between the more tolerant and susceptible cultivar. Around 2500 genes were differentially regulated in infested drupes of the tolerant variety. The GO annotation of the differentially expressed genes implies that the inducible resistance to the olive fruit fly involves a number of biological functions, cellular processes and metabolic pathways, including those with a known role in defence, oxidative stress responses, cellular structure, hormone signalling, and primary and secondary metabolism. The difference in the induced transcriptional changes between the cultivars suggests a strong genetic role in the olive inducible defence, which can ultimately lead to the discovery of factors associated with a higher level of tolerance to B. oleae. © 2017 Grasso et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Fungal diversity associated to the olive moth, prays oleae Bernard : a survey for potential entomopathogenic fungi
No full textOlive production is one of the main agricultural activities in Portugal. In the region of Trás-os-Montes this crop has been considerably affected by Prays oleae. In order to evaluate the diversity of fungi on P. oleae population of Trás-os-Montes olive orchards, larvae and pupae of the three annual generations (phyllophagous, antophagous and carpophagous) were collected and evaluated for fungal growth on their surface. From the 3828 larvae and pupae, a high percentage of individuals exhibited growth of a fungal agent (40.6%), particularly those from the phyllophagous generation. From all the moth generations, a total of 43 species from 24 genera were identified, but the diversity and abundance of fungal species differed between the three generations. Higher diversity was found in the carpophagous generation, followed by the antophagous and phyllophagous generations. The presence of fungi displaying entomopathogenic features was highest in the phyllophagous larvae and pupae, being B. bassiana the most abundant taxa. The first report of B. bassiana presence on P. oleae could open new strategies for the biocontrol of this major pest in olive groves, since the use of an already adapted species increases the guarantee of success of a biocontrol approach. The identification of antagonistic fungi able to control agents that cause major olive diseases, such as Verticillium dahliae, will benefit future biological control approaches for limiting this increasingly spreading pathogen.This work was supported by Science and Technology Foundation (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia – FCT) project PTDC/AGR-AAM/102600/2008 “Entomopathogenic fungi associated to olive pests: isolation, characterization and selection for biological control”. The first author is grateful to the Science and Technology Foundation for the PhD grant SFRH/BD/44265/2008
The germline- and tissue-specific effects of endogenous point-mutant p53
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2005.Vita.Includes bibliographical references.p53 is frequently altered in human tumors through missense mutations that result in accumulation of mutant p53 protein. These mutations may confer dominant-negative or gain-of- function properties to p53. To ascertain the physiological effects of tumor-associated point- mutations in p53, the structural mutant p53R172H and the contact mutant p53R270H (codons 175 and 273 in humans) were engineered into the endogenous p53 locus in mice. p53R270H/+ and p53R172H/+ mice are mouse models of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS). They developed allele- specific tumor spectra that were distinct from p53+/- mice and that better reflect the broad spectrum of tumors found in LFS patients. Dominant effects that varied by allele and function were observed in primary cells derived from these mice. In addition, p53R270H/- and p53R172H/- mice developed novel tumors compared to p53-/- mice, including hemangiosarcomas and variety of carcinomas. These data support a gain-of-function effect by mutant p53 toward the development of epithelial and endothelial tumors. Furthermore, conditional mutant p53 alleles were used in combination with a conditional activated K-ras allele to generate mouse models of advanced lung adenocarcinoma. In this system, the effects of endogenous mutant p53 were found to be both allele-specific and tissue- specific. This work provides insight into the spectrum of p53 mutations in human cancers and demonstrates that point-mutant p53 alleles expressed under physiological control have enhanced oncogenic potential beyond the simple loss ofp53 function.bu Kenneth Paul Olive.Ph.D
Experiments and DNS of a round jet with turbulent inlet
No full textExperimental and Direct Numerical Simulation data of a turbulent round jet fed by a turbulent pipe are compared in the near field. The Reynolds number achieved in both the experiment and the simulation, Re = 16000, allows a direct comparison of both the average and the fluctuating velocity statistics. In the experiments the jet is fed with olive oil droplets with a Stokes number St ' 1 whose dynamics is compared against the corresponding DNS simulation to asses the ability of particles to reproduce high order turbulence statistics and to asses the accumulation properties of inertial particles in the near field
suppl_fig_1_10-12-2018 – Supplemental material for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment
No full textSupplemental material, suppl_fig_1_10-12-2018 for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment by Tessa Ya Sung Le Large, Btissame El Hassouni, Niccola Funel, Bart Kok, Sander R. Piersma, Thang V. Pham, Kenneth P. Olive, Geert Kazemier, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Connie R. Jimenez, Maarten F. Bijlsma and Elisa Giovannetti in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
supplemental_figure_3 – Supplemental material for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment
No full textSupplemental material, supplemental_figure_3 for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment by Tessa Ya Sung Le Large, Btissame El Hassouni, Niccola Funel, Bart Kok, Sander R. Piersma, Thang V. Pham, Kenneth P. Olive, Geert Kazemier, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Connie R. Jimenez, Maarten F. Bijlsma and Elisa Giovannetti in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
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