1,721,222 research outputs found
A Review of Estimating Population Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and the Relevance for Migration
Full text linkThis review analyses global or near-global estimates of population exposure to sea-level rise (SLR) and related hazards, followed by critically examining subsequent estimates of population migration due to this exposure. Our review identified 33 publications that provide global or near-global estimates of population exposure to SLR and associated hazards. They fall into three main categories of exposure, based on definitions in the publications: (i) the population impacted by specified levels of SLR; (ii) the number of people living in floodplains that are subject to coastal flood events with a specific return period; and (iii) the population living in low-elevation coastal zones (LECZs). Twenty of these 33 publications discuss connections between population migration and SLR. In our analysis of the exposure and migration data, we consider datasets, analytical methods, and the challenges of estimating exposure to SLR followed by potential human migration. We underscore the complex connections among SLR, exposure to its impacts, and migration. Human mobility to and from coastal areas is shaped by diverse socioeconomic, demographic, institutional, and political factors; there may be 'trapped' populations as well as those who prefer not to move for social, cultural, and political reasons; and migration can be delayed or forestalled through other adaptive measures. While global estimates of exposed and potentially migrating populations highlight the significant threats of SLR for populations living in low-lying areas at or near coastlines, further research is needed to understand the interactions among localised SLR and related hazards, social and political contexts, adaptation possibilities, and potential migration and (im)mobility decision-making
Critiquing the pursuit of island sustainability
Full text linkThis article critiques a focus on ‘sustainable development’ which highlights a liveable
‘future’ without paying adequate attention to what, we argue, are more pressing issues
for a liveable present. We contend that, while inherently commendable, the thrust of
many current initiatives related to sustainable development, especially those associated
with climate change, promote an ethos which crowds out other pressing policy pursuits
with more immediate relevance – although often also associated with sustainable
development – such as health, basic education, poverty reduction, and productive
employment and livelihoods. Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are at the forefront
of these initiatives, given their prominence in discussions on sustainable development,
but especially climate change, alongside the basic challenges that they face in
maintaining viable economies. Long-term thinking and planning is needed and
welcomed; but we may now have gone too far in the opposite direction in terms of
aiming for sustainable development in, and for, a distant future that emphasises climate
change, without better balancing of that concern with the pressing needs of the
moment
Arcticness
Full text linkClimate change and globalisation are opening up the Arctic for exploitation by the world – or so we are told. But what about the views, interests and needs of the peoples who live in the region? This volume explores the opportunities and limitations in engaging with the Arctic under change, and the Arctic peoples experiencing the changes, socially and physically. With essays by both academics and Arctic peoples, integrating multiple perspectives and multiple disciplines, the book covers social, legal, political, geographical, scientific and creative questions related to Arcticness, to address the challenges faced by the Arctic as a region and specifically by local communities. As well as academic essays, the contributions to the book include personal reflections, a graphic essay, and poetry, to ensure wide and varied coverage of the Arctic experience – what the contributions all have in common is the fundamental human perspective. Topics covered in the essays include indigenous identity and livelihoods such as reindeer herding, and adapting to modern identities; a graphic essay on the experience of Arctic indigenous peoples in residential schools; the effects of climate change; energy in the Arctic; and extractive industries and their impacts on local communities. The book includes reflections on the future of Arcticness, engaging with communities to ensure meaningful representation and as a counterpoint to the primacy of environmental, national and global issues
The antarctic flags project: a flagship outreach campaign for international cooperation
Full text linkArcticness
No full textClimate change and globalisation are opening up the Arctic for exploitation by the world – or so we are told. But what about the views, interests and needs of the peoples who live in the region? This volume explores the opportunities and limitations in engaging with the Arctic under change, and the Arctic peoples experiencing the changes, socially and physically. With essays by both academics and Arctic peoples, integrating multiple perspectives and multiple disciplines, the book covers social, legal, political, geographical, scientific and creative questions related to Arcticness, to address the challenges faced by the Arctic as a region and specifically by local communities. As well as academic essays, the contributions to the book include personal reflections, a graphic essay, and poetry, to ensure wide and varied coverage of the Arctic experience – what the contributions all have in common is the fundamental human perspective. Topics covered in the essays include indigenous identity and livelihoods such as reindeer herding, and adapting to modern identities; a graphic essay on the experience of Arctic indigenous peoples in residential schools; the effects of climate change; energy in the Arctic; and extractive industries and their impacts on local communities. The book includes reflections on the future of Arcticness, engaging with communities to ensure meaningful representation and as a counterpoint to the primacy of environmental, national and global issues
Arcticness : Power and Voice from the North
No full textClimate change and globalisation are opening up the Arctic for exploitation by the world – or so we are told. But what about the views, interests and needs of the peoples who live in the region? This volume explores the opportunities and limitations in engaging with the Arctic under change, and the Arctic peoples experiencing the changes, socially and physically. With essays by both academics and Arctic peoples, integrating multiple perspectives and multiple disciplines, the book covers social, legal, political, geographical, scientific and creative questions related to Arcticness, to address the challenges faced by the Arctic as a region and specifically by local communities. As well as academic essays, the contributions to the book include personal reflections, a graphic essay, and poetry, to ensure wide and varied coverage of the Arctic experience – what the contributions all have in common is the fundamental human perspective. Topics covered in the essays include indigenous identity and livelihoods such as reindeer herding, and adapting to modern identities; a graphic essay on the experience of Arctic indigenous peoples in residential schools; the effects of climate change; energy in the Arctic; and extractive industries and their impacts on local communities. The book includes reflections on the future of Arcticness, engaging with communities to ensure meaningful representation and as a counterpoint to the primacy of environmental, national and global issues
Arcticness
Full text linkClimate change and globalisation are opening up the Arctic for exploitation by the world – or so we are told. But what about the views, interests and needs of the peoples who live in the region? This volume explores the opportunities and limitations in engaging with the Arctic under change, and the Arctic peoples experiencing the changes, socially and physically. With essays by both academics and Arctic peoples, integrating multiple perspectives and multiple disciplines, the book covers social, legal, political, geographical, scientific and creative questions related to Arcticness, to address the challenges faced by the Arctic as a region and specifically by local communities. As well as academic essays, the contributions to the book include personal reflections, a graphic essay, and poetry, to ensure wide and varied coverage of the Arctic experience – what the contributions all have in common is the fundamental human perspective. Topics covered in the essays include indigenous identity and livelihoods such as reindeer herding, and adapting to modern identities; a graphic essay on the experience of Arctic indigenous peoples in residential schools; the effects of climate change; energy in the Arctic; and extractive industries and their impacts on local communities. The book includes reflections on the future of Arcticness, engaging with communities to ensure meaningful representation and as a counterpoint to the primacy of environmental, national and global issues
The Ballad Dance of the Faeroese: Island Biocultural Geography in an Age of Globalisation
No full textBoundary issues are central to globalisation – the expansion and time-space integration of human societies – and to both biological and cultural diversity. The latter are, in turn, intrinsically related in processes of coevolution that generate change in the patchwork quilt of cultural and natural landscapes. These processes are especially discernible in small island societies. This paper argues that island studies can enhance our understanding of globalisation processes and how these are involved in the displacement of boundaries and the historically unprecedented decline in both biological and cultural diversity
Radar observations of Arctic ice
Full text linkTo many observers, the Arctic is synonymous with snow and ice. For example, the Arctic Ocean spans just over 14 million km2 – an area larger than that of Europe – which is variably covered in frozen ocean water, or sea ice, throughout the year.1 The Arctic Ocean is almost completely surrounded by land, which can often be covered in snow, permafrost (frozen soil, rock or sediment) or land ice. Observing how different forms of ice in the Arctic are changing, and understanding how they have evolved in the past, is crucial. Radar technology provides us with a tool to do this and allows us to visualise the glacial environment beneath the ice surface. This chapter provides an overview of modern radar-based observation methods and describes how measurements from them have contributed to a scientific understanding of ice with an emphasis on Arcticness
Population health indicators of climate change impacts and estimation of health outcomes under RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 up to 2090, in Chile
Full text linkAlthough there is growing evidence on the effects of climate change on population health, important gaps remain as these effects are largely local and evidence mainly comes from particular countries. In Chile, global data cannot be fully applied given its diverse climates and population characteristics. Therefore, this thesis aims to contribute by proposing indicators of the impacts of climate change on population health that can be integrated into public health surveillance, and evaluating the potential impacts of climate change on population health in Chile.
The methods cover two main approaches. Firstly, a systematic review and a suitability analysis were performed to evaluate indicators for integration into Chilean public health surveillance systems. Secondly, historical exposure-response functions for climate indices and health outcomes were estimated using Negative Binomial Generalised Linear Models, which were then applied to projected climate indices under different climate scenarios. Estimates by region, age categories, and gender were obtained for all-cause and cardiovascular and temperature-related (CVT) deaths and hospitalisations.
The suggested high-priority indicators included incidence and mortality of vector-, food-, and water-borne diseases, and temperature-related health outcomes, which can be easily integrated into current surveillance systems. Regarding the potential effects of climate change on population health, it seems that all-cause deaths and CVT deaths and hospitalisations are sensitive to a decrease in low temperature climate indices, and all-cause hospitalisations are sensitive to an increase in high temperature climate indices. Overall, in northern regions, deaths and hospitalisations increase; in central and central-southern regions, health outcomes increase in summer and decrease in winter; and in austral regions, there is an overall decrease in all health outcomes.
The findings expand previous existing evidence on the topic in Chile, and open several other areas to explore, such as local analyses and the refinement of estimates by causes of deaths or hospitalisations
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