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STUDI KOMPARASI KONSEP BIAYA PEMELIHARAAN BARANG JAMINAN DAN KONSEP BUNGA DALAM PRESPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH (PEGADAIAN SYARIAH DAN PEGADAIAN CONVENSIONAL DI AMBON)
Full text linkABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan menjelaskan persamaan dan perbedaan konsep pemeliharaan pada pegadaian syariah dan konsep bunga pada pegadaian convensional di kota Ambon untuk selanjutnya dianalisis berdasarkan hukum ekonomi syariah dengan menggunakan al-Qur’an, hadits, fatwa DSN-MUI, dan maslahah-mursalah.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (Field research) dan bersifat eksploratif yaitu berupa penjelasan tentang perbandingan konsep biaya pemeliharaan di pegadaian syariah dan konsep bunga dipegadaian convensional dalam kajian prespektif Hukum Ekonomi Islam. Lokasi penelitian di Kota Ambon. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Pendekatan Komparatif (Comparative Approach) dan Pendekatan Konseptual (Conceptual Approach).Hasil penelitian ini menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan antara biaya pemeliharaan di pegadaian syariah dan konsep bunga di pegadaian convensional kota Ambon. Diantara persamaannya adalah adanya barang jaminan atas pinjaman, pegadaian syariah ataupun pegadaian convensional sama-sama menarik keuntungan dari barang gadai, tidak dizinkan pemanfaatan barang jaminan tanpa seizin pemiliknya, barang gadai boleh dilelang atau dijual karena setelah jatuh tempo nasabah tidak melunasi dan nasabah berhak mendapatkan sisa penjualan atau lelang atas barang gadai yang terjual. Perbedaannya adalah pegadaian syariah tidak menarik bunga dari besarnya pinjaman tetapi nasabah dikenakan biaya pemeliharaan dengan mekanismenya dihitung dari nominal harga taksiran barang yang akan digadaikan, sedangkan pada pegadaian convensional bunga dihitung berdasarkan besarnya nominal pinjaman. Keduanya terlihat sama-sama mengambil untung tapi berbeda pada dasar perhitungan. Pegadaian syariah tidak mengambil keuntungan dari besarnya pinjaman karena itu bertentangan dengan fatwa DSN-MUI NO: 1 tahun 2004 tentang Bunga (Interest/Fa’ida) dan Hukum Islam (Maslah-mursalah), tambahan atau keuntungan yang dihitung berdasarkan besar pinjaman disebut sebagai riba. Kata Kunci: Biaya Pemeliharaan, Konsep Bunga, Pegadain syariah, Mashlahah
JUAL BELI KOPRA PASCA NON AKTIF SERTIFIKASI PADA PT.GOLDEN UNION OIL PERSPEKTIF MASHLAHAH MURSALAH
Full text linkABSRAK
Jual beli adalah salah satu jenis muamalah yang sering di lakukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seperti jual beli kopra pasca non aktif sertifikasi pada pada PT.Golden Union Oil. Menurut hukum Islam, sah atau tidaknya suatu transaksi jual beli tergantung pada rukun dan syarat jual beli itu sendiri. Jual beli harus berdasarkan suka sama suka antar para pihak yang bertransaksi dan juga jual beli harus dapat mendatangkan kemslahatan bukan mudharat. Dalam skripsi yang berjudul jual beli kopra pasca non aktif sertifikasi pada PT. Golden Union Oil perspektif maslahah-mursalah (studi kasus Desa Administratif Malaku) Yang bertujuan untuk mengetaui praktik jual beli kopra di Desa Administratif Malaku dan untuk mengetahui praktek jual beli kopra pasca non aktif sertikifikasi perspektif Maslahah Mursalah di Desa Administratif Malaku. Penulis mengajukan dua pertanyaan penelitian dalam rumusan masalah, yaitu bagaimana praktek jual beli kopra pada PT.Golden Union Oil di Desa Administratif Malaku? dan bagaimana tinjaun maslahah-mursalah jual beli kopra Pada PT. Golden Union Oil di Desa Administratif Malaku?
Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, Penulis melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode empiris atau metode penelitian hukum lapangan merupakan metode atau cara mewawancarai para informan.
Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat di ketahui bahwa jual beli kopra pasca non aktif sertifkasi pada PT. Golden Union Oil lebih banyak kemashlahtannya dari pada sebelumnya yang tidak memberlakukan sistem sertifkasi pihak perusahan kini menerima hasil kopra hanya lewat satu pintu yaitu lewat para pengepul lokal yang dimana tidak lagi berhadapan dengan para petani secara langsung. Menurut Hukum Islam jual beli kopra pasca non aktif sertifikasi berdasarkan perspektif Maslahah-Mursalah hukumnya boleh. Hal ini di karenakan jual beli tersebut sudah memenuhi rukun-rukun dan syarat-syaratnya berdasarkan Maslahah-Mursalah. Dengan demikian, aspek Maslahah terhadap penjual kopra tersebut sesuai dengan tujuan Maslahah dan tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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