33 research outputs found
Cirrodrilus japonicus A. Lateral
No full text<i>Cirrodrilus japonicus</i> (Pierantoni, 1912) <p>Japanese name: Ko-zariganimimizu</p> <p>(Figures 2, 3)</p> <p> <i>Stephanodrilus japonicus</i> Pierantoni, 1912: 20, Fig. 14, Tab. 5, Figs. 11–13.</p> <p> <i>Stephanodrilus</i> (<i>Stephanodrilus</i>) <i>japonicus</i> Pierantoni: Yamaguchi 1934: 199; Yamaguchi 1935a: 24.</p> <p> <i>Stephanodrilus japonicus</i> Pierantoni: Yamaguchi 1954: 101.</p> <p> <i>Cirrodrilus japonicus</i> (Pierantoni): Timm 1991: 329, Fig. 46; Gelder 1996: 658; Gelder 2019: 490.</p> <p> <i>Stephanodrilus</i> (<i>Stephanodrilus</i>) <i>ezoensis</i> Yamaguchi, 1934: 197, Fig. 7.</p> <p> <i>Stephanodrilus</i> (<i>Stephanodrilus</i>) <i>ezoensis</i> Yamaguchi: Yamaguchi 1935a: 23, Fig. 10.2a, 2b; Yamaguchi 1935b: 14, Fig. 6.</p> <p> <i>Stephanodrilus ezoensis</i> Yamaguchi: Yamaguchi 1954: 101.</p> <p> <i>Cirrodrilus ezoensis</i> (Yamaguchi): Timm 1991: 329, Fig. 46; Gelder 1996: 658; Gelder & Ohtaka 2002: 338, Tabs. 1, 2; Ohtaka 2010: 460, Fig. 12; Gelder 2019: 489; Ohtaka <i>et al.</i> 2020: 184, Tab. 1.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> In 1912, Pierantoni deposited 16 specimens in a fluid-filled small jar labeled “ <i>Stephanodrilus japonicus</i> Syntypes ” under the catalogue number, ZMH V-2912, in the Museum of Nature Hamburg —Zoology, Germany; two specimens were mounted whole in Canada balsam on separate slides by AO in 2023. Yamaguchi (1934) did not designate any type specimens either or a type location, but slide-mounted whole specimens of <i>Stephanodrilus ezoensis</i> in his collection were identified and designated syntypes according to Article 73.2. of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999) by Ohtaka <i>et al.</i> (2020) (ICHUM-1666, -1799, -1801, -1809, -1802, -1806, -1807, -1811, -1815, -1821). Yamaguchi reported collecting specimens from 15 sites on Hokkaido, Japan (Gelder & Ohtaka 2002), but only one slide (ICHUM-1811) bore a location name, that of Soranuma (Fig. 1: site No. 6).</p> <p> <b>Material investigated.</b> Two specimens of syntype series of <i>C. japonicus</i>, and extant syntype series of <i>C. ezoensis</i> (see above). Sixty-eight non-type specimens, collected by the first author and his colleagues on Hokkaido at sites No. 2, 9, 16–37 (Fig. 1), together with specimens whole-mounted on slides, in the first author's collection.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Total body length 2.0–3.0 mm, the head width is usually subequal to segment 1, and the club-shaped body has distinct segments (Fig. 2A). Dorsal ridges and projections, supernumerary muscles and lateral paired lobes on segments 8 and 9 are all absent. Peristomium has four lobes on the dorsal lip, two pairs of lateral lobes, a median emargination in the ventral lip (Fig. 2B), and the mouth is surrounded by 16 oral papillae. The jaws differ in size and shape; dorsal being 1.5x the ventral. Dorsal jaw has a crescent-shaped base about 45 μm wide, with a large median tooth and small lateral teeth across the anterior surface along with ridges parallel to the median axes (Fig. 2C). The base of the ventral jaw is ovoid, smaller, 35 μm wide, also with a large median tooth and small lateral teeth across the anterior surface along with ridges parallel to the median axes. The dental formula is about 9/9 (4-1-4/4-1-4) and there is one pharyngeal sulcus. A pair of vasa deferentia or sperm tubes open separately into the glandular atrium; their exact entry has not been resolved. The tubular glandular atrium is about 0.7x the segment diameter in length; deferent lobes and a prostate gland are absent. A terete muscular atrium, about 0.2x segment diameter in length, and a sub-spherical muscular bursa length is 0.3x the segment diameter (Fig. 2D), and its atrium opens externally through the genital pore. The penis is eversible and when retracted, occupies the penial sheath that extends from the ental bursa back into the muscular atrium for about half the latter’s length. The spermatheca is about 0.7x segment diameter in length and consists of a spermathecal bulb (tubular when empty) about 0.2x the organ’s length and a terete muscular duct about 0.8x the organ’s length which opens externally through a spermathecal pore (Fig. 2D). The anterior excretory ducts open separately close to the median line on the dorsal surface of segment 3.</p> <p> <b>Variations.</b> Body length of adults vary from 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm depending on the response to the preservative before death. The dorsal jaw base varies from crescent-shaped to elongate oval, while the ventral jaw base is oval to banana-shaped. Measuring the width of the jaws was found to be less influenced by aspect than other jaw dimensions, e.g., height of the median tooth. The dorsal jaw widths ranged from 41.0 μm to 52.0 μm (N = 22, mean value 44.6 μm) and for the ventral jaw, 28.9 μm to 46.0 μm (N = 18, mean value 34.9 μm). Yamaguchi (1934: 197) drew the jaws and gave their magnification, and from his figures (7a & b) in a reprint, it was calculated that the dorsal jaw was 68 μm and the ventral 38 μm wide, respectively. Ridges parallel to the median axes on both jaws vary from distinct to absent (Fig. 2E, F); note the ventral jaw in figure 2F. The dental formula also varies due to the number of small teeth on each jaw, which range from 7/7 (3-1-3/3-1-3) to 11/13 (5-1-5/6-1-6).</p> <p>The glandular atrium is tubular and varies in appearance from straight to having two or more folds. As the atrium floats free in the coelom, other organs can push it into available spaces thus causing the folds. When the spermathecal bulb is filled with spermatozoa it can double in size, and the duct may temporarily contain spermatozoa causing it to dilate medially.</p> <p> <b>Syntypes.</b> Body lengths of the two syntypes, ZMH V-2912 a and 2912b are 2.3 mm and 1.8 mm long, respectively. Both specimens are slim terete, widest in segment 5 or 6, with their posterior discs being slightly narrower, and showing indistinct, partially autolyzed internal organs (Fig. 3A). Specimen 2912a has an everted pharynx with clearly visible jaws (Fig. 3B), and indistinguishable peristomial lobes. The constricted peristomium in specimen 2912b appears to have only 9, but actually 10 inwardly curved lobes (Fig. 3C); four dorsal lobes (d), two pairs are lateral lobes (l) and a ventral lip with a median emargination (v). The jaws are well preserved with distinct ridges parallel to their median axes, and the dorsal jaws are larger than the ventral ones (Fig. 3D,E). The base width of the dorsal jaws in 2912a and 2912b are 41 and 38 μm, respectively. The dental formula in 2912a and 2912b is 3-1-4/3- 1-4 and 3-1-3/3-1-4 (Fig. 3D,E), respectively.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Length about 2.5 mm, head width usually subequal segment 1, body club-shaped, segments distinct; dorsal lip four lobes, lateral lobes two pairs, ventral lip with median emargination; 16 oral papillae; jaws size different (dorsal 1.5x ventral), dorsal crescent-shaped, ventral ovoid, teeth single large median, small lateral, longitudinal striations, dental formula 9/9 (4-1-4/4-1-4); pharyngeal sulcus one; glandular atrium tubular, length 0.7x segment diameter; muscular atrium terete, length 0.7x segment diameter; bursa sub-spherical, length 0.25x segment diameter, penial sheath, ectal 0.1x muscular atrium, penis eversible; spermatheca shape club-like, length 0.7x segment diameter, duct shape terete, length 0.8x organ, bulb shape tubular (empty), length 0.2x organ.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Otaru, Hokkaido Island, Japan (Fig. 1, site No. 1), according to the Museum’s specimen ledger.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Specimens have only been recorded from Hokkaido Island, Japan,under the name of <i>Stephanodrilus japonicus</i> by Pierantoni (1912), <i>Stephanodrilus</i> (<i>St.</i>) <i>ezoensis</i> by Yamaguchi (1934) and of <i>Cirrodrilus japonicus</i> in the present study (Fig. 1).</p> <p> <b>Host.</b> <i>Cambaroides japonicus</i> (De Haan, 1841), the “Japanese crayfish” or “Nihon-zarigani” in Japanese.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> Specimens have been observed alive on all parts of the exposed host and in the gill chambers.</p> <p> <b>Additional information.</b> Yamaguchi (1934: 198) observed that some individuals lacked a spermatheca but had eggs in segment 7, while in other specimens, spermatozoa were seen in the glandular atrium. Further studies of the life cycle of this species are needed to fully explain these observations.</p>Published as part of <i>Ohtaka, Akifumi & Gelder, Stuart R., 2023, A taxonomic reassessment of Cirrodrilus japonicus (Pierantoni, 1912) (Annelida, Clitellata, Branchiobdellida), pp. 557-565 in Zootaxa 5263 (4)</i> on pages 559-560, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.4.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7835969">http://zenodo.org/record/7835969</a>
The Zinc Finger Transcription Factor RP58 Negatively Regulates Rnd2 for the Control of Neuronal Migration During Cerebral Cortical Development
No full text© 2013 The Author. The zinc finger transcription factor RP58 (also known as ZNF238) regulates neurogenesis of the mouse neocortex and cerebellum (Okado et al. 2009; Xiang et al. 2011; Baubet et al. 2012; Ohtaka-Maruyama et al. 2013), but its mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we report a cell-autonomous function for RP58 during the differentiation of embryonic cortical projection neurons via its activities as a transcriptional repressor. Disruption of RP58 expression alters the differentiation of immature neurons and impairs their migration and positioning within the mouse cerebral cortex. Loss of RP58 within the embryonic cortex also leads to elevated mRNA for Rnd2, a member of the Rnd family of atypical RhoA-like GTPase proteins important for cortical neuron migration (Heng et al. 2008). Mechanistically, RP58 represses transcription of Rnd2 via binding to a 3'-regulatory enhancer in a sequence-specific fashion. Using reporter assays, we found that RP58 repression of Rnd2 is competed by proneural basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional activators. Finally, our rescue experiments revealed that negative regulation of Rnd2 by RP58 was important for cortical cell migration in vivo. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that RP58 is a key player in the transcriptional control of cell migration in the developing cerebral cortex
Thrombosis in the Pulmonary Vein Stump After Left Upper Lobectomy as a Possible Cause of Cerebral Infarction
No full textBackground. Thrombus in the stump of the pulmonary vein (PV) is not a well-known complication after lung resection, and it has the potential to cause embolism to vital organs. To clarify the frequency, risk factors, and cause of this complication, a retrospective clinical study of patients who underwent lobectomy was performed. Methods. The study evaluated 193 patients with primary lung cancer who underwent lobectomy from 2005 to 2011 and contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) within 2 years after lobectomy. Contrast-enhanced CT was retrospectively interpreted to check for thrombus in the PV stump. Results. The operative procedures were 65 right upper lobectomies, 14 right middle lobectomies, 40 right lower lobectomies, 52 left upper lobectomies (LUL), and 22 left lower lobectomies. Thrombus developed in the PV stump in 7 of the 193 patients (3.6%) after lobectomy. All patients with thrombus had undergone LUL, and 13.5% of those who had undergone LUL developed thrombus. Univariate analyses revealed that LUL and operation time were significant risk factors and that adjuvant chemotherapy was marginally significant. It appears that thrombus may be attributable to the length of the PV stump. Measurement of the length of the PV stump using 3-dimensional CT images of the PV revealed that the stump of the left superior PV was longer than the others. Conclusions. Thrombus in the PV stump occurred in 13.5% of patients after LUL. These findings suggest that contrast-enhanced CT should be recommended for patients after LUL to help identify those with a high risk for thromboembolism. (C) 2013 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeon
Distributions of two ectosymbionts, branchiobdellidans (Annelida: Clitellata) and scutariellids (Platyhelminthes:
No full textDistribution of two ecologically similar but usually spatially separate ectosymbionts, branchiobdellidans (Annelida) and scutariellids (Platyhelminthes), on atyid shrimp (Neocaridina spp.) is reported from 18 localities in five Provinces of southeastern China. Prevalence was determined for the branchiobdellidan, Holtodrilus truncatus, found at seven locations, the scutariellid, Scutariella japonica, present at every site, and where cohabitation occurred. Both ectosymbionts showed a microhabitat predilection for the host's branchial chambers and instances of cohabitation occurred at all seven locations where H. truncatus were collected, although not on every shrimp. On-site observations of live hosts supporting both ectosymbionts showed that neither H. truncatus nor S. japonica reacted aggressively or defensively towards the other when in close proximity. Instances of imported Chinese Neocaridina spp. into central Honshu Island, Japan, almost certainly came from areas in southeast China identified in this study. These imported populations are predicted to spread northwards into the area where endemic Japanese branchiobdellidans occur
Impact of pulmonary vein-first ligation during lobectomy on the postoperative survival and recurrence rates in patients with non-small cell lung cancer : a multicenter propensity score-matched study
No full textPurpose Surgical manipulation of the lungs increases the number of circulating tumor cells and the subsequent risk of metastasis in patients with lung cancer. This study investigated whether or not ligating the tumor-draining pulmonary vein first during lobectomy could improve the prognosis of these patients. Methods We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent curative lobectomy for solitary nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma between January 2012 and December 2016. We divided the patients into the vein-first group, in which all associated pulmonary veins were dissected and severed before cutting the pulmonary artery, bronchus, or pulmonary fissure, and the other procedure group. Results Overall, we included 177 and 413 patients in the vein-first and other procedure groups, respectively. Propensity score matching yielded 67 pairs of patients. The 5-year overall survival (85.6% [95% confidence interval, 77.3–94.8%] vs. 69.4% [58.7–81.9%], P = 0.03%) and recurrence-free survival (73.4% [63.3–85.1%] vs. 53.5% [42.5–67.3%], P = 0.02) were significantly better in the vein-first group than in the other procedure group. The cumulative recurrence rate at 5 years post-surgery was significantly lower in the vein-first group than in the other procedure group (21.7% vs. 38.3%, P = 0.04). Conclusion Our study suggests that ligating the pulmonary vein first during lobectomy for lung cancer can improve the overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and cumulative recurrence rate
Political concept in the Manga “Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic” by Ohtaka Shinobu
No full textการศึกษาครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ (1) เพื่อศึกษาที่มา รูปแบบและเนื้อหาแนวคิดทางการเมืองของตัวละครที่ปรากฏในหนังสือการ์ตูน เมไจ อาลาดินผจญภัย และ (2) เพื่อศึกษาที่มา รูปแบบ และเนื้อหาแนวคิดรูปแบบทางการเมืองการปกครองที่ปรากฏในหนังสือการ์ตูน เมไจ อาลาดินผจญภัย โดยเป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ รูปแบบการวิจัยเชิงเอกสาร ที่ใช้แนวคิดทางการเมือง แนวคิดรูปแบบทางการเมืองการปกครอง และแนวคิดการวิจารณ์วรรณกรรมเชิงจิตวิเคราะห์เพื่อวิเคราะห์พฤติกรรมของตัวละครและบริบททางการเมืองในหนังสือการ์ตูน เมไจ อาลาดินผจญภัย ผลการศึกษาพบว่า (1) จากเรื่องปรากฎแนวคิดทางการเมืองผ่านตัวละครที่มีแนวคิดแตกต่างกันไป อันเกิดจากประสบการณ์และสภาพสังคมในช่วงชีวิตของแต่ละตัวละคร เกิดเป็นแนวคิดและพฤติกรรมทางการเมืองที่ต่างกัน โดยในเรื่องปรากฎแนวคิดทางการเมือง ได้แก่ แนวคิดเสรีนิยม สังคมนิยม เผด็จการ อนาธิปไตยและอนุรักษนิยม นำไปสู่การมีปฏิสัมพันธ์แบบขัดแย้งและสนับสนุนของตัวละครที่มีแนวคิดต่างกัน โดยผู้ประพันธ์มีนัยยะสนับสนุนแนวคิดเสรีนิยม และสังคมนิยมผ่านตัวละครเกี่ยวกับความเป็นปัจเจก ความเท่าเทียม การเชื่อในเหตุผลของมนุษย์ ภราดรภาพ การปฏิเสธชนชั้นและระบบทุนนิยม (2) จากเรื่องปรากฎรูปแบบทางการเมืองการปกครองผ่านประเทศต่าง ๆ ได้แก่รูปแบบราชาธิปไตย ทรราชธิปไตย อภิชนาธิปไตย และประชาธิปไตย โดยผู้ศึกษาได้วิเคราะห์รูปแบบทางการเมืองการปกครองผ่านแนวคิดทฤษฎีของอริสโตเติลที่พิจารณาจากจำนวนผู้ปกครองและเป้าหมายการปกครอง ซึ่งผู้ประพันธ์มีนัยยะไม่สนับสนุนการปกครองโดยคนคนเดียวที่นำไปสู่การเป็นราชาทรราช และมองรูปแบบทางการเมืองการปกครองเป็นพลวัตที่เปลี่ยนไปตามแนวคิดทางการเมืองของผู้ปกครอง และกระแสสังคมโลกThe objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the origin, pattern and content of political ideologies of the characters in the manga, Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic and (2) to study the origin, pattern and content of regime in the manga, Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic.This study was qualitative research using a documentary method that applies political concepts, regime, and psychoanalytic literary criticism to analyze the characters and political context in the manga Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic. A descriptive analysis and a content analysis were applied, particularly to the various political issues.This study found that (1) the political concepts of each character had different concepts and behaviors shaped by their experiences and social conditions. The story shows different political concepts, including liberalism, socialism, dictatorship, anarchism, and conservatism, leading to conflicting and supportive interactions between the characters. The author implied support for liberalism and socialism through the characters regarding individuality, equality, belief in reason, brotherhood, classless society, and the capitalism. (2) This story showed the regimes of various countries, including monarchy, tyranny, aristocracy, and democracy. The regimes were analyzed by the concepts of Aristotle's theory, which considers the number of governors and the goals of governance. The author implied an unsupported single governor leading to tyranny and viewed the regimes as a dynamic pattern that evolves according to the political concepts of the governors and global social trends
A CASE OF ADENOENDOCRINE CELL CARCINOMA OF THE GALLBLADDER WITH ANOMALOUS PANCREATICOBILIARY JUNCTION
No full textGeneration of Footprint-Free Canine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Sendai Virus Vector
No full textapplication/pdfMolecular Reproduction and Development. 2020, 87 (6), P.663-66
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery using mobile computed tomography: New method for locating of small lung nodules
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