1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A comparison of K-12 snack food guidelines developed by government and non-government organizations in the United States
Full text linkA standard definition of what constitutes a ‘snack’ as well as a universally accepted guidance program for snacking in K-12 schools are lacking. This makes it difficult for nutrition professionals to evaluate food consumption patterns and develop guidance on what, when, and how many snacks are ideal for consumption by children in the United States.
The objectives of this study were to: 1) Analyze and compare snacking definitions and recommendations (frequency, foods suggested, nutrient composition) for children K – 12, developed by government and non-government organizations; 2) Evaluate the nutrient composition of snack items recommended and reimbursed by U.S. Federal government Child and Adult Food Care Program to children ages 6-12 in at-risk populations.
Methods: 1) Snack definitions and recommendations, and their concordance with 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans for children K – 12, developed by a government (Child and Adult Food Care Program-CACFP) and non-government (The Alliance for a Healthier Generation) organization, were compared. 2) Qualitative methods were used to evaluate differences in snack definitions and recommendations. 3) Quantitative methods were used to evaluate differences in nutrient composition between the six groups of snack items suggested by the Child and Adult Food Care Program based on nutrients provided per kilocalorie, and nutrients provided over the course of one week.
Results: Processed and pre-packaged foods were promoted by the non-government organization; whole food and combined food groups were emphasized by the government organization. Significant differences were found between the nutrient composition of the six snack groups for the following nutrients: carbohydrates, protein, total fat, saturated fat, potassium, calcium, and vitamin D. These results demonstrate a need for variability in snack foods provided to the populations utilizing the government-subsidized snack food regulations in order to meet total nutrient requirements in concordance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The results of this preliminary study will be used as a platform for further research in the area of K-12 snack food guidelines in the United States.The College of Public Health at The Ohio State UniversityThe Department of Human Nutrition at The Ohio State UniversityNo embarg
Geographic Location and Coping Strategies Among Primary Caregivers with Food Insecurity
Full text linkFirst place in "Foods for Health: From the Bench to the Table" category in Denman Undergraduate Research ForumThe objective of this study is to explore differences in coping strategies among urban and rural primary caregivers with food insecurity. According to the USDA, food insecurity is a household-level economic and social condition of limited or uncertain access to adequate food. In 2014, there were 17.4 million American households classified as food insecure with the highest prevalence found in rural and urban settings. To mitigate the effects of food insecurity, primary caregivers use an array of coping strategies to feed their children, including foregoing basic needs like medication, rent, and utilities to purchase food. However, little is known about the use of these coping strategies by caregivers from urban and rural environments. Understanding these coping strategies used by caregivers could be useful in creating geography-specific strategies to address this debilitating issue. Primary caregivers, over the age of 18 with dependents under the age of 18, were recruited at two family practice clinics in Columbus, Ohio. Questionnaires were administered to assess presence and severity of food insecurity and food coping strategies. Place of residence, neighborhood characteristics and demographic information were also obtained. Recruitment is ongoing and will be completed by March 20, 2017. Initial responses indicate that there appears to be differences in coping strategies used in urban and rural environments. Urban primary caregivers appear to have a greater prevalence of food insecurity and appear more likely to forego utilities and rent whereas rural primary caregivers appear to forego medicine to obtain food. By understanding the coping strategies used by food insecure caregivers from rural and urban locations, public health professionals will be able to better understand the complex nature of food insecurity to plan more strategic interventions which can protect against poor nutrition and health outcomes and better serve the populations affected.A three-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Public Healt
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Low-Calorie Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Impact on Weight: A Systematic Review
Full text linkThe overconsumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has frequently been targeted as a significant contributor to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States. Many American adults opt for low-calorie sweetened beverages (LCSB), such as Diet Coke, as a replacement. LCSB provide consumers with the sweetness of a traditional soda without the excessive caloric intake provided by added sugar. However, some researchers have called the use of LCSB into question, arguing that the consumption of LCSB may lead to weight gain rather than prevent it by disrupting metabolic responses, increasing one’s preference for sweet substances, and decreasing feelings of satiety. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate whether there is an association between the consumption of LCSB beverages and impact on weight among adults. The PubMed database was used to identify studies relevant to the research question and inclusion criteria. Seven studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The results of the studies were assessed and summarized narratively. The results were inconclusive; two randomized control trials indicated a negative association, four randomized control trials indicated no association, and one prospective cohort study reported a positive association between LCSB and body weight. Possible explanations for these findings and implications for future research are discussed.No embargoAcademic Major: Public Healt
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