268 research outputs found
50 Years After Wittgenstein’s Vienna. On Wittgenstein, Toulmin and Philosophy. Tomasz Zarębski in Conversation With Allan Janik
No full textIn this interview, Tomasz Zarębski speaks with Allan Janik, co-author of Wittgenstein’s Vienna (1973, with Stephen Toulmin), on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the publication of this pathbreaking book. The conversation concerns the circumstances, motivations and reasons for his undertaking the work on the book, as well as its reception and place in Wittgenstein scholarship. A large part of the discussion refers to his perspective of Wittgenstein, Toulmin’s philosophical writings, and Janik’s own vision of philosophy. The interview took place in Innsbruck on 23rd and 25th August 2023
Facts physics on the Background of philosophy
No full textThis article is drafted on the basis of three complementary essays by Professor Jerzy Janik. The author takes a look at selected issues in the field of quantum mechanics – especially the problem of quantum superposition and supersymmetry – from perspective of great philosophical systems. The author draws attention to the fact that some of these issues reflect old philosophical problems (e.g., empiricism vs rationalism), and – in some cases – philosophical perspective may save interpretations of quantum mechanics from paradoxes
Fakty fizyki na tle przymiarek filozofii
No full textThis article is drafted on the basis of three complementary essays by Professor Jerzy Janik. The author takes a look at selected issues in the field of quantum mechanics – especially the problem of quantum superposition and supersymmetry – from perspective of great philosophical systems. The author draws attention to the fact that some of these issues reflect old philosophical problems (e.g., empiricism vs rationalism), and – in some cases – philosophical perspective may save interpretations of quantum mechanics from paradoxes
Chasing consistency: an update of the TCP gene family of Malus × domestica
No full textThe 52 members of the Teosinte-Branched 1/Cycloidea/Proliferating Cell Factors (TCP) Transcription Factor gene family in Malus × domestica (M. × domestica) were identified in 2014 on the first genome assembly, which was released in 2010. In 2017, a higher quality genome assembly for apple was released and is now considered to be the reference genome. Moreover, as in several other species, the identified TCP genes were named based on the relative position of the genes on the chromosomes. The present work consists of an update of the TCP gene family based on the latest genome assembly of M. × domestica. Compared to the previous classification, the number of TCP genes decreased from 52 to 40 as a result of the addition of three sequences and the deduction of 15. An analysis of the intragenic identity led to the identification of 15 pairs of orthologs, shedding light on the forces that shaped the evolution of this gene family. Furthermore, a revised nomenclature system is proposed that is based both on the intragenic identity and the homology with Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) TCPs in an effort to set a common standard for the TCP classification that will facilitate any future interspecific analysi
‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ SAP11-Like protein modulates expression of genes involved in energy production, photosynthesis, and defense in Nicotiana occidentalis leaves
No full textAbstract Background ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’, the causal agent of apple proliferation disease, exerts influence on its host plant through various effector proteins, including SAP11CaPm which interacts with different TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/ CYCLOIDEA/ PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR 1 and 2 (TCP) transcription factors. This study examines the transcriptional response of the plant upon early expression of SAP11 CaPm . For that purpose, leaves of Nicotiana occidentalis H.-M. Wheeler were Agrobacterium-infiltrated to induce transient expression of SAP11 CaPm and changes in the transcriptome were recorded until 5 days post infiltration. Results The RNA-seq analysis revealed that presence of SAP11CaPm in leaves leads to downregulation of genes involved in defense response and related to photosynthetic processes, while expression of genes involved in energy production was enhanced. Conclusions The results indicate that early SAP11 CaPm expression might be important for the colonization of the host plant since phytoplasmas lack many metabolic genes and are thus dependent on metabolites from their host plant
Foreign Policy of Russia during the Reign of Catherine II
No full textTITLE: Foreign Policy of Russia during the Reign of Catherine II. AUTHOR: Jakub Janik DEPARTEMENT: Institute of World History SUPERVISOR: Prof. PhDr. Aleš Skřivan, CSc., FRSA ABSTRACT The goal of this work is to summarize the most important aspects of the foreign policy of Russia in 18th century, mainly the foreign polivcy of Catherine II. Each chapter is focused on one political partner of Russia - Poland, Sweden, Ottoman Empire and the superpowers of the time - United Kingdom, France, Prussia and Habsburg monarchy. This work describes how these relations changed and evolved throughout the years. The main source for this work is Czech and foreing professional literature. KEYWORDS Catherine II, Russian foreign policy, 18th centur
Krasiński: elements de culture, elements de nature. Études
No full textThis volume is a collection of papers presented at the academic conference titled ‘Zygmunt Krasiński in the literary and cultural contexts of the past and present.’ The conference was held at the baroque Rybna Palace in the Upper Silesian town of Tarnowskie Góry on April 22-23, 2016. It was organised by the Opole and Katowice Branch of the Adam Mickiewicz Literary Society, the ‘East-West’ Chair of Language and Literary Studies in the Faculty of Language and Literature at the University of Białystok, and the Rybna Palace. The sessions were initiated by Dr. Małgorzata Burzka-Janik and Prof. Jarosław Ławski, while the Research Committee was chaired by Prof. Alina Kowalczykowa (Institute of Literary Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences). The organisers were supported in their work by Prof. Marek Piechota from the University of Silesia. Participants were asked to cover the following research topics: • Zygmunt Krasiński’s bibliography and literary geography. • Aesthetic disputes and inspirations: Krasiński vis-à-vis Romantic authors (Mickiewicz, Słowacki, and others). • Krasiński and tradition: references to the literature, art, music, and culture of the past epochs. • Krasiński and the cultures of Western and Eastern Europe. • Reading Krasiński: critical and literary reception, onstage interpretation, studying at schools and universities. • The bard and contemporaneity: present or absent? The conference was attended by 32 researchers from Poland, Italy, and France. As part of the conference, Sylwia Olszyńska (soprano) and Katarzyna Drogosz (fortepiano) performed a gala concert of classical music, titled ‘A song like this is immortality itself! Romantic lyricism and virtuosity.’ The present volume contains 26 studies and essays, grouped into four chapters: Fundamentia; The story of a writing career; The imagination element; The writer about people, people about the writer. The papers reveal a new and unconventional image of Krasiński, who has usually been seen as the patron of the dark variety of Romanticism. In this book, he comes across as an author who, while being deeply immersed in history and cultural heritage, was also an insightful interpreter of the phenomena of nineteenth-century culture. Several of the papers are devoted to the influence that his oeuvre has had on other authors (Joseph Conrad, Czesław Miłosz) and to the sustained on-stage success of his most important drama, The Un-Divine Comedy. Almost two centuries after its first publication, the play has remained ever-popular in Central Europe, where it is regularly staged by theatre directors at the cutting edge of the avant-garde. More often than not, its performances are still likely to arouse controversy bordering on scandal. Another group of papers is devoted to the publication fate of Krasiński’s work, which was quite different from that of Mickiewicz or Słowacki. Other topics covered in this volume include the solar, lunar, and aquatic symbolism in Krasiński’s art, Neo-Gnostic references, metaphysics and philosophy of history, gender issues, and Slavic themes. The collection has been edited by Prof. Jarosław Ławski, Prof. Piotr Stasiewicz (University of Białystok) and Dr. Małgorzata Burzka-Janik (Opole University) and has been published with the assistance of the Faculty of Language and Literature at the University of Bialystok.Le volume présenté rassemble des documents de la Conférence scientifique nationale intitulée «Zygmunt Krasiński dans les contextes littéraires et culturels du passé et du présent», Palais de Rybna, 22-23 avril 2016. La conférence en Haute-Silésie dans le palais baroque a été organisée par : Towarzystwo Literackie im. Adam Mickiewicz (Société litairaire Adam Mickiewicz). Succursale d’Opole et de Katowice, Chaire d’études philologiques «Est-Ouest»
de la faculté de philologie de l’Université de Bialystok et le Palais de Rybna. Les initiateurs de la session étaient: Dr Małgorzata Burzka-Janik et le prof. Jarosław Ławski, tandis que le comité scientifique était présidé par le prof. Alina
Kowalczykowa (PAN IBL). Les organisateurs ont été soutenus par le prof. Marek Piechota de l’Université de Silésie. Les questions de recherche de la conférence ont été formulées comme suit: • Bibliographie et géographie littéraire de Zygmunt Krasiński. • Conflits et inspirations esthétiques : Krasiński – les Romantiques (Mickiewicz, Słowacki et autres). • Krasiński envers la tradition : références à la littérature, à l’art, à la musique et à la culture des époques passées. • Krasiński et les cultures de l’Europe occidentale et orientale. • Krasiński en lecture : réception critique, littéraire, théâtrale et scolaire. • Le barde-prophète et la contemporanéité : présent / absent ? La conférence a été honorée par la présence de 32 chercheurs polonais, italiens et français. Sa partie était un concert festif de musique classique intitulé «Une telle chanson est l’immortalité!» Lyrique et virtuosité romantique interprétée par Sylwia Olszyńska (soprano) et Katarzyna Drogosz (piano historique). Le volume présenté comporte 26 mémoires et esquisses, répartis en quatre chapitres: Fundamentia, L’histoire du travail, Éléments de l’imagination, Ecrivain
sur les gens, les gens sur l’écrivain. Les œuvres rassemblées montrent une nouvelle image non stéréotypée de Krasiński. Perçu généralement comme le protecteur de la variété noire du romantisme, il se révèle dans les œuvres présentées comme un écrivain immergé dans l’héritage de l’histoire, mais aussi comme un interprète perspicace des phénomènes de la culture du XIXe siècle. Un groupe d’études distinct sont celles qui montrent sa réception (par Joseph Conrad, Czesław Miłosz) ou le succès continu de son plus important drame Nie-Boska komedia (La comédie non divine). Il est constamment mis en scène par les metteurs en scène les plus avantgardistes d’Europe centrale et les performances suscitent le plus souvent la controverse et provoquent des scandales. Une partie distincte du volume est constituée d’œuvres montrant le destin de l’édition de l’art de Krasiński, qui a été façonné de manière très différente de ceux de Mickiewicz et de Słowacki. Les sujets abordés par les chercheurs incluent également: le symbolisme des œuvres de l’écrivain (solaire, lunaire, aquatique), fils néognostiques, métaphysique et historiosophie, ainsi que les questions de genre culturel et des fils slaves. Le livre a été édité par: prof. Jarosław Ławski, prof. Piotr Stasiewicz (Université de Bialystok) et Dr Małgorzata Burzka-Janik (Université d’Opole), et son impression a été possible grâce au soutien de la Faculté de philologie de l’Université de Bialystok.Projekt finansowany w ramach programu Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego pod nazwą „Regionalna Inicjatywy Doskonałości” na lata 2019–2022 nr projektu 009/RID/2018/19 kwota finansowania 8 791 222,00 zł.MAŁGORZATA BURZKA-JANIK – adiunkt w Instytucie Polonistyki i Kulturoznawstwa Uniwersytetu Opolskiego (Katedra Historii Literatury, Komparatystyki i Antropologii Literackiej; Pracownia literatury XIX wieku). Zainteresowania naukowe: literatura XIX wieku, w tym głównie epoki romantyzmu (czarny romantyzm, powieść poetycka, epistolografia epoki, problem domu i bezdomności w twórczości A. Mickiewicza, J. Słowackiego, C. K. Norwida; twórczość poetycka i dramatyczna T. A. Olizarowskiego oraz S. Witwickiego), a także wybrane zagadnienia pozytywizmu (czasopiśmiennictwo epoki, w tym szczególnie młodzi pozytywiści warszawscy na łamach „Przeglądu Tygodniowego”) oraz literatury Młodej Polski (twórczość poetycka M. Pawlikowskiej-Jasnorzewskiej, zagadnienie ironii); wybrane aspekty literatury XX wieku (twórczość poetycka W. Szymborskiej, B. Maja), glottodydaktyka, konteksty kulturowe w edukacji, przestrzeń i miejsce w badaniach kulturowych, literatura światowa. Prace zwarte: Tomasz August Olizarowski, Poematy. Z autografów i pierwodruków opracowała, wstępem poprzedziła M. Burzka-Janik, redakcja tomu M. Burzka-Janik, J. Ławski, Białystok 2014, s. 932. M. Burzka-Janik, „Tyle naraz świata…” Szkice o poezji Wisławy Szymborskiej, Opole 2012, s. 120. M. Burzka-Janik, W poszukiwaniu centrum. Dom i bezdomność w życiu i twórczości Adama Mickiewicza, Opole 2009, s. 262. Książki redagowane: Józef Sękowski, Fantastyczne podróże barona Brambeusa. Wstęp: J. Ławski i J. Dziedzic. Red. tomu, opr. M. Burzka-Janik i J. Ławski, Białystok 2016, s. 300. Stefan Witwicki, Edmund, wstęp i opr. tekstu M. Sokołowski, opr. Aneksu i wprowadzenia M. Burzka-Janik, red. tomu i przypisu J. Ławski, H. Krukowska, Białystok 2015, s. 324. Mickiewicz w kontekstach kulturowych dawnych i współczesnych, pod red. I. Jokiel, M. Burzki-Janik, Opole 2012, s. 350. Mieszka w Tarnowskich Górach.JAROSŁAW ŁAWSKI – prof. zw. dr hab., kierownik Katedry Badań Filologicznych „Wschód – Zachód” na Wydziale Filologicznym Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku. Dziekan Wydziału Filologicznego UwB. Zainteresowania badawcze:
literatura XVIII – XX wieku, faustyzm i bizantynizm, polsko-wschodniosłowiańskie związki kulturowe, relacje geopolityki i kultury, Młoda Polska oraz Czesław Miłosz. Redaktor naczelny Naukowych Serii Wydawniczych „Czarny Romantyzm”, „Przełomy/Pogranicza” oraz „Colloquia Orientalia Bialostocensia”. Autor wielu książek, w tym: Wyobraźnia lucyferyczna. Szkice o poemacie Tadeusza Micińskiego „Niedokonany. Kuszenie Chrystusa Pana na pustyni” (Białystok 1995) oraz Mickiewicz – Mit – Historia. Studia (Białystok 2010). Edytor Horsztyńskiego Słowackiego w serii Biblioteki Narodowej oraz III-tomowych Pism rozproszonych Zygmunta Glogera. Ostatnio wydał monografię: Miłosz: „Kroniki” istnienia. Sylwy (Białystok 2014). Członek Komitetu Nauk o Literaturze PAN; członek korespondent Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności.4
Recenzja książki Justyny Janik Gra jako obiekt oporny. Performatywność w relacji gracza i gry cyfrowej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2022
No full textJustyna Janik’s book takes up the topic of the materiality of video games and proposes analyzing it using a posthumanist perspective. The Author introduces the concepts of intra-action (Karen Barad) and bio-object (Tadeusz Kantor), which she uses as tools to describe the specificity of the relationship between humans and video games, which is a form of constant communication and sharing of agency between the player and the simulation elements. Janik’s book is an interesting study of the autonomy of the game object and the resistance it manifests. This provides an inspiring basis for reflection on the materiality of software, the occurrence of glitches, the preservation of games, the technical background of the game, and the traces left by other players.Książka Justyny Janik podejmuje temat materialności gier wideo i proponuje jej analizę z posthumanistycznej perspektywy. Autorka prezentuje pojęcia intra-akcji (Karen Barad) i bio-obiektu (Tadeusz Kantor), które wykorzystuje jako narzędzia opisu specyfiki relacji człowiek – gra wideo, która jest formą ciągłej komunikacji i podziału sprawczości między graczem a elementami symulacji. Książka Janik jest interesującym studium autonomii obiektu gry i oporu, jaki on manifestuje. Publikacja stanowi też inspirującą podstawę dla refleksji nad materialnością oprogramowania, występowaniem błędów, archiwizacji gier, ich technicznym tłem i śladami pozostawionymi przez innych graczy
Lights Out. The Chloroplast Under Attack During Phytoplasma Infection?
No full textPhytoplasma infections lead to high economic losses in different crops worldwide. The array of symptoms induced by an infection depends on the causative phytoplasma species and the infected plant host. The symptom of yellowing or chlorosis is common and characteristic for all so far known phytoplasma diseases. Yellowing and chlorosis indicate that the chloroplast and its components are affected during phytoplasma infection and indeed, perturbations of the photosynthetic apparatus and carbohydrate metabolic pathways of the host plant are the most prominent alterations seen in diverse phytoplasma pathosystems. Even though the role of the chloroplast and its function as a target in effector‐mediated plant pathologies becomes more evident, its importance during phytoplasma infection remains elusive. In this article, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the chloroplast role in plant immunity, and why it is an interesting target for phytoplasma. A special focus will be on pathogen effectors that directly target the chloroplast. On this basis, we propose three hypotheses about the potential role of this organelle in phytoplasma infection. The aim of this article is to motivate research to experimentally test these hypotheses and provide important information that goes beyond the mere description of physiological changes seen during phytoplasmal infection
City beyond the city: the notion of contemporary flaneurism in video games
No full textThis article is a comparative analysis between the exploration video game genre and
the theories of contemporary city space. It focuses predominantly on confronting
spatial experience of the city space with video game space. This comparison uses the
concept of flâneur and slow space to show how these two phenomena are manifested
in virtual environments. In the exploration video games, such as "Dear Esther" and
"Proteus", the author sees an interesting alternative to overcomplicated gameplay and
games overloaded with unnecessary visual information
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