1,831 research outputs found
Writers Talk Featuring Sonya Huber
No full textSonya Huber, 2004 graduate of OSU's MFA Creative Writing Program, currently an assistant professor at Georgia Southern University. Author of "The Backwards Research Guide for Writers," "Opa Nobody," and most recently "Cover Me: A Health Insurance Memoir."The media can be accessed here: http://streaming.osu.edu/knowledgebank/cstw12/WT_WCRS_11-08-10_SonyaHuber.mp3Ohio State University. Center for the Study and Teaching of Writin
Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data
No full textThat neutrinos carry a nonvanishing rest mass is evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. Their absolute mass holds relevance in fields from particle physics to cosmology. We report on the search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with the KATRIN experiment. KATRIN performs precision spectroscopy of the tritium β-decay close to the kinematic endpoint. On the basis of the first five measurement campaigns, we derived a best-fit value of mv2 = 0.14-0.15+0.13 eV2, resulting in an upper limit of mv < 0.45 eV at 90% confidence level. Stemming from 36 million electrons collected in 259 measurement days, a substantial reduction of the background level, and improved systematic uncertainties, this result tightens KATRIN’s previous bound by a factor of almost two
Search for keV-scale sterile Neutrinos with the first Light of KATRIN
No full textA sterile neutrino with a mass up to 18.6 keV would be visible in the beta-decay spectrum of tritium. The KATRIN experiment is designed to determine the absolute neutrinos mass by measuring the beta-decay spectrum of gaseous tritium close to its endpoint. Beyond that, it’s unprecedented tritium source luminosity and spectroscopic quality could be used to measure the entire beta-spectrum to search for a sterile neutrino. The idea presented on this poster is the so-called Phase-0 measurement, where the first light data of KATRIN would be used to scan the entire tritium beta-decay spectrum to search for sterile neutrinos. A measurement of only one week with KATRIN has the potential to improve the current laboratory limits for keV-scale sterile neutrinos. This work presents the expected sensitivity, important systematic effects and the experimental realization of this measurement. This work was supported by GRK1694, BMBF (05A17VK2), KSETA, the HGF and the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
Robust Linear and Support Vector Regression
No full textThe robust Huber M-estimator, a differentiable cost function that is quadratic for small errors and linear otherwise, is
modeled exactly, in the original primal space of the problem, by an easily solvable simple convex quadratic program for both linear and
nonlinear support vector estimators. Previous models were significantly more complex or formulated in the dual space and most
involved specialized numerical algorithms for solving the robust Huber linear estimator [3], [6], [12], [13], [14], [23], [28]. Numerical test
comparisons with these algorithms indicate the computational effectiveness of the new quadratic programming model for both linear
and nonlinear support vector problems. Results are shown on problems with as many as 20,000 data points, with considerably faster
running times on larger problems
Analysis of first KATRIN data and searches for keV-scale sterile neutrinos
No full textThe phenomenon of neutrino oscillation stands in contradiction with the Standard Model of Particle Physics (SM) where neutrinos are formulated as massless particles. One way to introduce a non-zero neutrino mass to the SM is the so-called see-saw-mechanism. It adds at least one sterile neutrino to the particle framework. A sterile neutrino would not participate in any SM interaction, only interact gravitationally and would be of arbitrary mass-scale. These unique properties make a sterile neutrino an interesting Dark Matter candidate.
The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims to determine the effective electron anti-neutrino mass with a sensitvity of (90 C.L.) by observing the tritium -decay close to its kinematic endpoint. Studies show that the experiment can be additionally extended to search for a sterile neutrino, for example on the keV mass-scale.
This thesis specifies how the KATRIN experiment can be operated to search for keV-scale sterile neutrinos without any significant hardware modifications. It presents a first comprehensive overview of all yet known systematic effects that occur in such a measurement. This information is used for a first keV-scale sterile neutrino measurement with KATRIN data.
By analyzing 82 KATRIN -spectrum scans wit a total measurement time of approximately 160 hours, the current laboratory limit on the active-to-sterile mixing angle could be improved by up to a factor of eight on a mass scale of with a resolution on the mixing amplitude of up to
KATRIN: Status and Prospects for the Neutrino Mass and Beyond
No full textThe Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to measure a
high-precision integral spectrum of the endpoint region of T2 beta decay, with
the primary goal of probing the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. After a
first tritium commissioning campaign in 2018, the experiment has been regularly
running since 2019, and in its first two measurement campaigns has already
achieved a sub-eV sensitivity. After 1000 days of data-taking, KATRIN's design
sensitivity is 0.2 eV at the 90% confidence level. In this white paper we
describe the current status of KATRIN; explore prospects for measuring the
neutrino mass and other physics observables, including sterile neutrinos and
other beyond-Standard-Model hypotheses; and discuss research-and-development
projects that may further improve the KATRIN sensitivity.Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. 70 pages excluding references; 35
figures. Author list updated June 202
Hunting keV sterile neutrinos with KATRIN: Building the first TRISTAN module
No full textThe KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino) experiment investigates the energetic endpoint of the tritium beta-decay spectrum to determine the effective mass of the electron anti-neutrino. The collaboration has reported a first mass measurement result at this TAUP-2019 conference. The TRISTAN project aims at detecting a keV-sterile neutrino signature by measuring the entire tritium beta-decay spectrum with an upgraded KATRIN system. One of the greatest challenges is to handle the high signal rates generated by the strong activity of the KATRIN tritium source while maintaining a good energy resolution. Therefore, a novel multi-pixel silicon drift detector and read-out system are being designed to handle rates of about 100 Mcps with an energy resolution better than 300 eV (FWHM). This report presents succinctly the KATRIN experiment, the TRISTAN project, then the results of the first 7-pixels prototype measurement campaign and finally describes the construction of the first TRISTAN module composed of 166 SDD-pixels as well as its implementation in KATRIN experiment
Mesabolivar amadoi Huber 2018, sp. n.
No full textMesabolivar amadoi sp. n. Figs 306–314 Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae (Figs 310–311; two pairs of frontal apophyses), tip of procursus (Figs 308–309; distinctive shape of prolateral process), and shape of epigynum (Figs 312–313; anterior plate with large central whitish depression and pair of apophyses); from most similar known species (M. bonita) by apophyses on epigynum (absent in M. bonita) and by positions and sizes of male cheliceral apophyses (proximal apophyses smaller; distal apophyses in more proximal position). Etymology. Named for Jorge Amado (1912–2001), Brazilian writer, author of Gabriela, Cravo e Canela. Type material. BRAZIL: Bahia: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, MNRJ (14319), 14♂ 10♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 19147–48), Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita (15°23.3’–23.4’S, 39°33.7’–34.0’W), ~ 750– 850 m a.s.l., 2–3.x.2011 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias). Other material examined. BRAZIL: Bahia: 1♂ 9♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br11-161), same data as types. Espírito Santo: 3♂ 16♀ 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 19149–50), Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, ‘site 1’ (19°03.3’S, 40°08.8’W), ~ 90 m a.s.l., 27.ix.2011 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González); 6♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 11-126), same data. Description. Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.3, carapace width 1.3. Distance PME-PME 130 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.55. Leg 1: 38.7 (11.0 + 0.5 + 10.8 + 14.6 + 1.8), tibia 2: 7.6, tibia 3: 4.9, tibia 4: 7.3; tibia 1 L/d: 94. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.14, 0.15, 0.22, 0.15. COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs light brown, carapace with large dark median mark, clypeus not darker; tips of femora and tibiae lighter yellowish, legs without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light brown area in front of gonopore. BODY. Habitus as in putative close relatives (M. bonita, M. pau; cf. Huber 2015: figs 12–13); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses (Figs 310–311), both pointed in lateral view, distal pair rounded in frontal view. PALPS. As in Figs 306–307; apparently indistinguishable from M. bonita (direct comparison with M. bonita paratype); even details of procursus tip (Figs 308–309) apparently identical. LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. Male (variation). Tibia 1 in 15 other males: 9.4–11.2 (mean 10.2). Female. In general similar to male. Tibia 1 in 25 females: 5.9–8.5 (mean 7.0). Epigynum as in Figs 312–313; anterior plate with large central whitish depression bordered by posterior ridge and pair of apophyses near posterior margin; simple posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in Fig. 314, with pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging anteriorly. Natural history. The spiders were found in domed webs built in sheltered spaces close to the ground. Distribution. Known from two localities in Bahia and Espírito Santo states (Brazil) (Fig. 734).Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4395 (1) on pages 76-79, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/120251
Comparing timing models of two Swiss German dialects
No full textResearch on dialectal varieties was for a long time concentrated on phonetic aspects of language. While there was a lot of work done on segmental aspects, suprasegmentals remained unexploited until the last few years, despite the fact that prosody was remarked as a salient aspect of dialectal variants by linguists and by naive speakers. Actual research on dialectal prosody in the German speaking area often deals with discourse analytic methods, correlating intonations curves with communicative functions (P. Auer et al. 2000, P. Gilles & R. Schrambke 2000, R. Kehrein & S. Rabanus 2001). The project I present here has another focus. It looks at general prosodic aspects, abstracted from actual situations. These global structures are modelled and integrated in a speech synthesis system. Today, mostly intonation is being investigated. However, rhythm, the temporal organisation of speech, is not a core of actual research on prosody. But there is evidence that temporal organisation is one of the main structuring elements of speech (B. Zellner 1998, B. Zellner Keller 2002). Following this approach developed for speech synthesis, I will present the modelling of the timing of two Swiss German dialects (Bernese and Zurich dialect) that are considered quite different on the prosodic level. These models are part of the project on the "development of basic knowledge for research on Swiss German prosody by means of speech synthesis modelling" founded by the Swiss National Science Foundation
Mesabolivar claricae Huber 2018, sp. n.
No full textMesabolivar claricae sp. n. Figs 233–240, 251–252 Diagnosis. Distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae (Figs 238–239; one pair of frontal apophyses near median line), shape of procursus (Figs 233–235; widely curved, distinctive distal structures, without prolateral apophysis), and shape of epigynum (Figs 236–237, 251; trapezoidal anterior plate with pair of apophyses and median pocket); from the very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus by shorter and wider procursus with different distal elements (compare Figs 227–229 and 233–235), and by smaller epigynum without anterior pair of low humps (compare Figs 230–232 and 236–237). Etymology. Named for Clarice Lispector (1920–1977), Brazilian writer, daughter of Russian-Jewish immigrants, author of Perto do coração selvagem. Type material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, MNRJ (14315), 6♂ 19♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 19082–83), Santa Maria Madalena, forest fragment (21°58.9’–59.1’S, 41°57.2’–57.6’W), 480–590 m a.s.l., 30.ix.–1.x.2010 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). Other material examined. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: 4♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 10-78), same data as types. 3♂ 4♀, ZFMK (Ar 19084), Cachoeiras de Macacu, Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú (22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W), 140–280 m a.s.l., 23.ix.2009 (B.A. Huber, A. Giupponi); 1♂ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 09- 101), same data but 23–24.ix.2009 (B.A. Huber); 2♂, ZFMK (Ar 19085), same data but 25.ix.2009 (B.A. Huber); 2♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 19086), same locality at 22°24.3’S, 42°44.1’W, ~ 300–400 m a.s.l., 24.ix.2009 (B.A. Huber, A. Giupponi). Description. Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.7, carapace width 1.35. Distance PME-PME 110 µm, diameter PME 150 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 45 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.65. Leg 1: 57.6 (13.7 + 0.5 + 13.5 + 26.8 + 3.1), tibia 2: 8.7, tibia 3: 5.5, tibia 4: 8.3; tibia 1 L/d: 104. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.23, 0.23, 0.17. COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-orange with large brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area, with pair of light marks laterally behind ocular area; sternum orange-brown; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter yellowish, without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with orange-brown area in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. BODY. Habitus very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus (cf. Figs 148–149); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. CHELICERAE. With one pair of frontal apophyses close to median line (Figs 238–239). PALPS. In general very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus (cf. Huber 2000: figs 813, 816), proximal segments apparently identical in shape but slightly smaller (see Variation below); procursus distal part (after bend) clearly shorter and wider, with different distal elements (Figs 233–235); bulbal process in general very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus but clearly shorter (length about 0.4 vs. 0.6). LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. Male (variation). Tibia 1 in nine other males: 12.4–14.1 (mean 13.2). Palpal femur length 0.60–0.62 (vs. 0.67– 0.73 in M. cyaneomaculatus). Female. In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia 1 in 14 females: 8.7– 10.3 (mean 9.5). Epigynum as in Figs 236–237, 251; anterior plate trapezoidal, with pair of short processes (slightly variable in size even within localities) and median pocket near posterior margin; simple posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in Figs 240, 252, with V-shaped (or U-shaped) sclerite and pair of large pore-plates in tentshaped lateral position, converging anteriorly. Distribution. Known from two localities in Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) (Fig. 728).Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4395 (1) on pages 62-63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/120251
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