1,720,958 research outputs found
MAINTAINING VERNACULARS TO PROMOTE PEACE AND TOLERANCE IN MULTILINGUAL COMMUNITY IN INDONESIA
Full text linkIndonesia is a large nation in terms of ethnics, cultures, and vernaculars. Indonesian constitution guarantees that the cultures, vernaculars will be taken care of by the government. This is in line with the UNESCO recommendation, to preserve vernaculars as the world cultural heritage. The most important thing is that preserving vernaculars will promote peace and solidarity in multilingual community. In reality, speakers of many vernaculars in Indonesia are getting less and less. Sneddon states that this is caused by lingua franca and language shift (2003: 203). Areas of higher linguistic diversity like Indonesia always need means of interethnic communication, i.e. lingua franca. People shift to lingua franca may cause vernacular speakers decline rapidly, which may cause language decay. The teaching of vernaculars only at the passive level, not emphasizing writing and reading will fasten the language decay.Vernaculars will be preserved if they are respected, used, and inherited to the following generation. Friberg (2011) states that languages that can be maintained are the ones written and can be read. We should not only use our national language, but also our vernaculars in order to maintain our regional languages. And as people of multilingual community, it is better if we are multilingual. It should be borne in mind that vernaculars reflect local cultures, local values, local identity. The exposure to regional languages will make people familiar with the languages. And as a result, the people will be familiar with their own cultural values and other people’s cultural values. Komorowska (2010) claims that understanding others’ languages will promote understanding and communication between citizens. And this will lead to peace process, to deeper knowledge of other communities and their cultures, and in consequence to promote tolerance
The Structure and Adequate Development of English as a Foreign Language Learners' Paragraphs: A Case Study
Full text linkAbstract Developing complete paragraphs with appropriate structure is not easy for many EFL tertiary students. Thus, investigating the EFL students' paragraphs is needed in order to reveal the strengths and the weaknesses. This study explored how the students structured and completely developed the ideas of a paragraph. The data of the study were collected from the third semester students of Stikubank University (UNISBANK) Semarang, Indonesia. In analyzing the data, the sentences in the paragraphs were numbered for easy identification of the topic sentence, the supporting sentences, the concluding sentence. Background This study was motivated by my observation as an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teacher in Indonesia to find out the paragraph writing difficulties faced by my students at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Very often I found incomplete paragraphs or paragraph fragments in my students' essays. The incomplete paragraphs that I found are among others the presence of excessive indentation, undeveloped topic sentence. Indentation of course does not make a paragraph. When one complete paragraph is given several indentations, disjointedness occurs. Undeveloped topic sentence may distract the readers because this incomplete paragraph reduces the continuity of ideas. These incomplete paragraphs of course will reduce the coherence of the essay since as stated by Rustipa (2013) that one of the properties of a coherent text is fullness of paragraph development. Thus, the lack of paragraph writing skills is one root of the problem to create a coherent text. One of the goals of tertiary students to learn English is to write academic essays. Paragraphs are the building blocks of essays; thus, knowledge of paragraph structuring is badly needed in order to be able to produce coherent and readable essays. Fawcet
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Interpersonal Relationship to Tackle At-Risk Students: A Case Study in EFL Learning
Full text linkThis study investigated interpersonal relationship to tackle at-risk students’ low competence, inactive class participation, misbehave. This research especially aims at knowing how positive, supportive teacher-at risk student relationship can enhance the student’s learning outcome, how teacher-student relationship can enhance students’ motivation, can activate the at-risk students. This study is descriptive in nature held in a classroom context in sentence writing class in Stikubank University (UNISBANK) Semarang, Indonesia. The results of the study revealed how the at-risk student’s perception on teacher’s affective qualities can affect their learning outcome. It is concluded that the more positive the at-risk student’s perception on the teacher-student relationship, the higher the learning outcome she/ he achieves. The positive at-risk students’ perception on their teacher’s affective qualities makes them achieve the learning outcome successfully. This is because they feel that their teacher creates a safe and trustful environment that makes them feel free to share difficulties. Thus, supportive and caring teacher-at risk student relationship is essential in teaching-learning process
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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