550 research outputs found
Interview with Mostafa Moharram
No full textهذه المقابلة مع المؤلف والسيناريست المصري مصطفى محرم. يستعرض كتاباته وأفلامه ، ويؤكد على أهمية السيناريو والكتابات المتخصصة . يشرح دور كاتب السيناريو وهو المسؤول عن خلق عمل فعال وجيد ، وكذلك التعامل بطريقة جيدة مع فريق التمثيل . أجرت المقابلة درية شرف الدينIn this interview, Egyptian author and screenwriter Mostafa Moharram speaks about his movies and the importance of scenarios in creating good work. The interview was conducted by Dorreya Sharaf al-Din
Detection and Analysis of Epilepsy Biomarkers in Electrocorticography
No full textAuthor Mostafa MohammadpourDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Detection and Analysis of Epilepsy Biomarkers in Electrocorticography
No full textAuthor Mostafa MohammadpourDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Artificial Intelligence in Automation of Community Disaster Resilience Measurement
No full textOver time, numerous frameworks have emerged to gauge a community's resilience, which is the community’s ability to get back to function, in the face of disasters. These frameworks vary in complexity and scope, often encompassing both quantitative and qualitative metrics. The dichotomy between quantitative and qualitative measurements underscores a critical limitation in current resilience frameworks. While quantitative metrics excel in providing tangible data points and statistical analyses, they often overlook the intricate social dynamics and cultural factors that profoundly influence a community's resilience. In contrast, qualitative assessments offer a more holistic understanding by capturing the lived experiences, perceptions, and narratives of community members. This qualitative data, comprising approximately 80 percent of the information relevant to resilience, provides invaluable insights into the adaptive strategies, cultural norms, and social networks that shape a community's capacity to withstand and recover from disasters.
The pursuit of capturing richer data through qualitative methods, particularly open-ended interviews, stands as a cornerstone of this study. By delving into the nuanced perspectives and experiences of individuals, such methods offer a depth of understanding that quantitative approaches often struggle to achieve. However, despite their potential to yield valuable insights, qualitative methods are not without their limitations. One significant challenge inherent to open-ended interviews is the potential for inconsistency of capturing community’s resilience. Unlike structured surveys or questionnaires, which provide standardized prompts and response options, open-ended interviews allow participants to express themselves freely. While this flexibility can unearth unexpected insights and perspectives, it can also lead to variability in results, making it difficult to establish clear patterns or draw definitive conclusions. This inconsistency can stem from variations in interviewers' probing techniques causing the interview to follow a different direction. Another limitation of open-ended interviews is the risk of bias. Human subjectivity inevitably influences every stage of data collection in an interview. In the context of open-ended interviews, bias may manifest in various forms and types, which in this study, gender bias of interviewer is targeted. Interviewers' preconceived notions or personal beliefs can inadvertently shape the direction of the interview, influencing the topics explored and the interpretation of responses. Another significant aspect is the integration of automation and repeatability into the process of conducting disaster resilience interviews, particularly in mitigating the impact of variables such as inconsistency and gender bias. Automation streamlines data collection and analysis, reducing the potential for human error and enhancing the efficiency of the research endeavor. This standardization is crucial for mitigating inconsistencies in responses, as it promotes uniformity across interviews and facilitates the comparison of findings.
Additionally, automation brings validity by ensuring interviews can be streamlined in an accurate repeatable process. In tackling the challenges in obtaining holistic data from open-ended interviews, this research adopts a systematic approach comprising five distinct steps. The steps involved identifying a practical measurement approach to effectively quantify inconsistency and gender bias, and then addressing these issues. In the final step, an automation approach is developed to not only assist interviews in maintaining consistency and impartiality but also enable the process to be repeatable. Building upon these foundational insights, the research proceeds to devise innovative solutions aimed at mitigating the impact of these variables on data collection. Methods of measurement were developed through the utilization of simulated interviews to generate numerical representations. Besides, by leveraging the latest advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), novel solutions to address key variables are identified through a structured three-phase design encompassing content analysis, exploratory analysis, and comparative analysis.
The AI-driven methods also pave the way for the automation in conducting open-ended interviews. The variable of inconsistency was quantified using the Interview’s Inconsistency Mark (IIM), ranging from 0 to 13, where higher scores denoted increased inconsistency levels. To mitigate this issue, a solution was devised through natural language processing techniques, specifically sentence embedding. This method retrieved consistent information from a knowledge base housing peer-reviewed papers, resulting in significantly reduced inconsistency levels compared to the benchmark interviews, with observed values of 5.13 and 1.35. Gender bias was assessed using the Practical Measurement of Gender Bias (PMGB) index, represented as a percentage, where higher values indicated greater bias. An approach was developed employing natural language processing methodologies, particularly word embedding, to identify gender-sensitive language. Utilizing a deep learning model named Claude 3 Sonnet helped in replacing gender-sensitive terms with neutral gender equivalents. Consequently, the solution successfully eliminated gender-sensitive values, reflected by a PMGB of zero, in contrast to simulated interviews yielding higher values of 12% and 10%. Automation was achieved by developing a Decision Support System integrating both inconsistency and gender bias resolution components. Additionally, two complementary components were included: a speech recognition system modeled after SpeechStew for input reception and a follow-up question generator based on Claude 3 Sonnet. This integrated system enables the automation of open-ended interviews, promising high-quality outcomes based on predefined metrics.
Overall, this thesis contributes significantly to the advancement of knowledge in disaster resilience for both existing and future frameworks by offering novel insights and perspectives on data collection. While the study encountered several limitations such as the lack of transparency in existing frameworks utilizing open-ended interviews for data collection, particularly within New Zealand and the challenges in automating aspects of the data collection process, these constraints underscore the indispensable role of human engagement and qualitative insight in certain research contexts. Furthermore, financial barriers associated with testing and utilizing certain AI models were identified. However, with upcoming advancements in AI, this study provides a robust foundation for future enhancements. Integrating the data collection solution into existing and upcoming frameworks, along with longitudinal observations, will enable future studies to gain better insights. By rigorously applying the solution in additional real-world scenarios, its performance can be more comprehensively evaluated, allowing future researchers to fine-tune it to address specific needs and improve its efficacy
L’année de Bacchus d’El Mostafa Bouignane entre devoir de la mémoire et exaltation de la vie
No full textThis study will discuss the approach to the structure and narrative composition of the novel entitled L\u27année de Bacchus by Mostafa Bouignane, published by Virgule Editions in 2020. This text adds to a series of stories of which Bouignane constructs a narrative universe to reveal the nature of man who, even submissive and reduced, remains capable of regaining his freedom and leading a peaceful life. Thus, our study will propose an analysis of the ideological and historical dimension of this text representative of the literary experience of the author, then at the end the questioning of his human and moral values
Cataglyphis laylae Cedric A. Collingwood & Donat Agosti & Mostafa R. Sharaf & Antonius van Harten 2011, nov. spec.
No full textCataglyphis laylae Collingwood nov. spec. Plates 96–103 Cataglyphis desertorum Forel, 1894, teste Collingwood, 1985; unavailable name according to Agosti (1990). Specimens examined: Holotype: 1 ☿, United Arab Emirates, al-Ain [24°13'N 55°46'E], iii.1995, leg. C.A. Collingwood (MHNG). Paratypes: 3 ☿, al-Ain zoo, 13.iii.2005, CAC. 1 ☿, Remah, 9.iii.1995, CCA. 3 ☿, Remah, resthouse, 250 m, irrigated sand dune [24°10'37"N 55°18'6"E], 18.iii.1995, leg. D. Agosti. 6 ☿, Remah, resthouse, 250 m, irrigated sand dune, nest with one entrance, [24°10'37"N, 55°18'6"E], 18.iii.1995, leg. D. Agosti. 1 ☿, Sharjah Desert Park, 5–6.x.2004, AvH; 1 ☿, 3.iii.2005, CAC. 1 ☿, al- Za'aba, 100 m, sandy soil with Rhaisa stricta [23°43'20"N, 55°33'49"E], 22.iii.1995, leg. D. Agosti. Description: A large worker from al-Ain was selected as holotype. The measurements are as follows: total length 8.40; head width 3.60; head length 4.20; scape length 3.84; funicular segment I 0.40; funicular segment II 0.23; petiole length 1.10; petiole width 0.72. Colour dark reddish brown. There are no exterior hairs on the scapes or hind tibia. The gaster, petiole and propodeum have dorsal hairs. Remarks: This species thought to correspond with C. desertorum has to be described as a new species. In fact it is one of the commonest Cataglyphis in southern Arabia. The main distinguishing feature compared with other dark Cataglyphis is the slender petiole, which has the anterior face more sloped than in other similar species such as C. niger (André, 1882) and C. savignyi (Dufour, 1862). Biology: Cataglyphus laylae nov. spec. does not appear to occur in open sandy desert and is most abundant in disturbed habitats such as man-developed plantations and open cultivated fields. Distribution: This species was recorded by Collingwood (1985) as C. desertorum from Saudi Arabia and Oman and as Cataglyphis spec. by Collingwood & Agosti (1996). Etymology: The new species is named after a village settlement called “Layla”, just north of Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) in the area where the author (CAC) first encountered it in numbers in an Acacia plantation.Published as part of Cedric A. Collingwood, Donat Agosti, Mostafa R. Sharaf & Antonius van Harten, 2011, Order Hymenoptera, family Formicidae, pp. 1-70 in Arthropod fauna of the UAE 4 on page 54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.116858
Digital amplification for pathogen detection in bloodstream infections from whole blood
No full textSensitive and specific detection of bacteria is essential for control and treatment of bloodstream infections. Sepsis, a diagnostic challenge of blood stream infections, causes thousands of deaths each year. The gold standard for detection and identification of microorganisms is blood culture, which can take up to 5 days to yield a diagnosis or a negative result. Molecular diagnostic methods and nucleic acid assays developed to detect pathogens often require enrichment through blood culture prior to DNA extraction. Nonetheless, state of the art diagnostic tests that detect pathogens directly from blood are available with limitations. Increased amount of sample processing and purification is required before detection of pathogens and turnaround time to results can be up to 8 hours. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of such assays are broad in range. Thus, there is a need for a rapid detection method that can identify pathogens from whole blood within 1-2 hours, with minimal sample processing and high sensitivity and specificity.
In this work, we demonstrate detection of bacterial pathogens from whole blood through loop mediated isothermal amplification without the steps of DNA purification and extraction. Whole blood with pathogens is dried to tubes, creating separated phases of the cellular debris of blood from the amplification reaction and allowing for separation of background human DNA from target DNA as well as better detection of amplicons that are not masked by red blood cells. We show that this method is robust, having a detection limit of 1 cfu of pathogens in 4uL of whole blood. In preparation of processing higher blood volumes in a digital amplification method, we also show characterization experiments and preliminary results of amplification of pathogens from whole blood on chip.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Ariana Mostafa, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-04 at 05:15.The student, Ariana Mostafa, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-12-04 at 05:29.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-12-05 at 09:04.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14686 on 2020-02-28 at 17:23:14Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:15:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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The Egyptian Military in Popular Culture:Context and Critique
No full textThis book examines a key question through the lens of popular culture: Why did the Egyptian people opt to elect in June 2014 a new president (Abdel Fattah al-Sisi), who hails from the military establishment, after toppling a previous military dictator (Hosni Mubarak) with the breakout of the 25 January 2011 Revolution? In order to dissect this question, the author considers the complexity of the relationship between the Egyptian people and their national army, and how popular cultural products play a pivotal role in reinforcing or subverting this relationship. The author takes the reader on a ‘journey’ through crucial historical and political events in Egypt whilst focusing on multi-layered representations of the ‘military figure’ (the military leader, the heroic soldier, the freedom fighter, the conscript, the martyred soldier, and the Intelligence officer) in a wide range of popular works in literature, film, song, TV drama series, and graffiti art. Mostafa argues that the realm of popular culture in Egypt serves as the ‘blood veins’ which feed the nation’s perception of its Armed Forces
The Egyptian Military in Popular Culture:Context and Critique
No full textThis book examines a key question through the lens of popular culture: Why did the Egyptian people opt to elect in June 2014 a new president (Abdel Fattah al-Sisi), who hails from the military establishment, after toppling a previous military dictator (Hosni Mubarak) with the breakout of the 25 January 2011 Revolution? In order to dissect this question, the author considers the complexity of the relationship between the Egyptian people and their national army, and how popular cultural products play a pivotal role in reinforcing or subverting this relationship. The author takes the reader on a ‘journey’ through crucial historical and political events in Egypt whilst focusing on multi-layered representations of the ‘military figure’ (the military leader, the heroic soldier, the freedom fighter, the conscript, the martyred soldier, and the Intelligence officer) in a wide range of popular works in literature, film, song, TV drama series, and graffiti art. Mostafa argues that the realm of popular culture in Egypt serves as the ‘blood veins’ which feed the nation’s perception of its Armed Forces
PStorM: Profile Storage and Matching for Feedback-Based Tuning of MapReduce Jobs
No full textc ○ Mostafa Ead 2012I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. The MapReduce programming model has become widely adopted for large scale analytics on big data. MapReduce systems such as Hadoop have many tuning parameters, many of which have a significant impact on performance. The map and reduce functions that make up a MapReduce job are developed using arbitrary programming constructs, which makes them black-box in nature and prevents users from making good parameter tuning decisions for a submitted MapReduce job. Some research projects, such as the Starfish system, aim to provide automatic tuning decisions for input MapReduce jobs. Starfish and similar systems rely on an execution profile of a MapReduce job being tuned, and this profile is assumed to come from a previous execution of the same job. Managing these execution profiles has not been previously studied. This thesis presents PStorM, a profile store that organizes the collected profiling information in a scalable and extensible dat
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