30 research outputs found
The IMPROVING CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY ON BREAST HISTOPATHOLOGY IMAGES DATASET USING TRANSFER LEARNING
No full textAt the present time, one of the main causes of mortality for women is Breast Cancer (BC). The pathologist still faces several difficulties in accurately diagnosing cancer. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC), the common kind of BC, has been categorized in this study. Numerous innovative strategies have been used in the realm of medical research for the categorization of IDC. However, there are a number of issues with the BC classification approach, including vanishing gradient, class imbalance, data overfitting, low accuracy rate, and latency to discover cancer cells in patients. Therefore, creating a precise and well-structured method for IDC categorization is essential. In order to address these issues, a productive technique has been put out, in which the classification model is specified as the TransResCNN model, or transfer learning applied to the CNN model of the pre-trained residual network (ResNet). The most widely used techniques for handling large datasets are transfer learning and data augmentation. In order to assess the model's performance, an image-based confusion matrix is used to classify IDC. A number of assessment criteria, including recall, F1-score, accuracy, and precision, have also been used. Upon comparing our suggested research with other current studies, it was found to have the greatest accuracy (91.66%) and F1-score (94.22%). The examined study demonstrates that, in comparison to earlier research investigations, our suggested technique produced better results
Relational Inquiry Approach: Nursing Practice in Pakistan – A Case Study
No full text The relational inquiry approach enables nurses to understand and examine different nursing situations within complex healthcare contexts using the ideologies of pragmatism, critical theory, and hermeneutic phenomenology. In this paper, the author presents the application of the relational inquiry approach using Newman’s theory to analyze a case of a man who refused coronary artery bypass surgery in Pakistan. This analysis demonstrates that relational inquiry is useful in examining patients’ experiences and related healthcare needs and helps the nurses to perform appropriate actions to produce desirable outcomes. </jats:p
Addressing community barriers to immunization in Rajanpur district, Pakistan: an implementation research
No full text# Background
The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) of Punjab province faced an implementation challenge of the lowest immunization coverage in one of the districts, Rajanpur. In the Rajanpur district, low acceptance of immunization for poor communities of tribals, Kacha, and rural areas is unknown. Implementation research was carried out to explore the reasons for low acceptability for routine immunization, appropriateness, and relevance of social mobilization activities.
# Methods
To understand the low acceptability of immunization we used ‘exploratory qualitative inquiry’ to explore community perception of immunization services, appropriateness, and relevance of EPI social mobilization activities. With purposive sampling technique, trained interviewers conducted 24 in-depth interviews and 7 focus group discussions with community members/ caregivers and health care providers in the communities of Kacha, Rural and Tribal areas of the Rajanpur district. The data was collected in Urdu and Siraiki languages, which were transcribed in Urdu and translated into English for content analysis purposes.
# Results
Level of acceptability for routine immunization varies among poor communities of rural, Kacha and tribal areas, from complete refusal to drop out. Factors related to health system for EPI that is influencing the demand at the community level are the insufficient deployment of female staff, the capacity gap of the current field staff, provision of need-based transportation and funding to field staff, and lack of community engagement in EPI planning for service delivery. These factors are resulting in low coverage of immunization in the Rajanpur district. The support of the tribal chief was identified as a factor that appeared to facilitate the EPI Rajanpur by mobilizing communities for immunization services. Lack of community engagement has implications for an integrated social mobilization strategy into EPI planning.
# Conclusions
Immunization communication in general and social mobilization, in particular, is unsatisfactorily given the least priority by policymakers in creating demand for immunization in the Rajanpur district. Health system barriers for EPI need to overcome to increase demand among poor communities of rural, Kacha, and tribal areas of the Rajanpur district
Foreign Direct Investment, Trade Openness, CO2Emission and Economic Growth in Pakistan: Bi-variate Co-integration
No full textThe current study is designed to investigate the relationship between CO2emission and various economic indicators such as economic growth, foreign direct investment, trade openness, domestic investment and labor force in Pakistan. The study covers the period for 1972-2017.To achieve the objective of consistency in the estimation results, the study applies different estimation techniques such as Augmented Dickey fuller Test (ADF) was used to test the unit root and Johansson co-integration test (JCT) used to test the long run relationship among the variables. The results of the study show that CO2emission has long run relation with FDI, DI and TO. CO2emission has causality with DI. Results of the study suggest that government would pay attention to increase the industrialization in the country that become the cause to increase domestic investment and also attract the foreign investment in the country which increase the productivity and produce the skilled labor
The true cost of cheap labour: An intersectional study to understand exploitation of immigrant students working in co-ethnic SMEs
No full textThe purpose of this report is to empirically examine intersectionality in order to analyse the exploitation of migrant student workers and the vulnerability of their identities. Furthermore, using race theory, the report aims to explore the concept of exploitation within Ethnic Minority-owned Small and Medium Enterprises (EMSMEs) in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire (UK).
The research is concluded based on semi-structured interviews and past literature. A representative sample of 21 employees (16 men/5 women) and five employers (four male/one female) provides empirical results from an exploratory study investigating aspects or assumptions of exploitative behaviour in SMEs with owners or managers of minority ethnicity. To analyse the data, an interview guide was provided. A qualitative content analysis examined the interviews. To gather more accurate results, the author used software NVIVO, which facilitated to compare the data with the given intersectional and exploitation concepts.
Considering the economic factors and mutual cultural perceptions in SMEs, this report concludes that co-ethnic exploitation is formulated and justified by both employers and employees in ethnic minority businesses. Employers perceive the student workers as hardworking, vulnerable, naive and apt for work. On the other hand, migrant student’s desperation for work, relatively higher currency value, barriers to culture and legal rights understanding, working hour restrictions, under‐employment and devaluation of their qualifications increase the possibility of migrant workers to work in the informal sector of non-white ethnic minority-owned businesses within their home networks. Hence, there is ambivalence about migrant employment opportunities and cash economy issues in return.
Although the qualitative design of the study allows for an in-depth exploration of the experiences of migrant student workers, the relatively less time span of one year and the small sample size poses some limitations. The study emphasises the need to consider intersectional lens when examining migration, highlighting how migrant studies are mostly limited to a single axis of anti-immigrant or gendered inequality and often ignores multiple axes of migrant’s identity
Evaluation of climate predictability for multiple climate models at various time scales.
No full textThe predictability of the Pacific North American (PNA) pattern is evaluated on time scales from days to months using state-of-the-art dynamical multiple model ensembles including the Canadian Historical Forecast Project (HFP2) ensemble, the Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual prediction (DEMETER) ensemble, and the Ensemble Based Predictions of Climate Changes and their Impacts (ENSEMBLES). Some interesting findings in this study include (i) Multiple-model ensemble (MME) skill was better than skill from most of the individual models (ii) both actual prediction skill and potential predictability increased as the averaging time scale increased from days to months (iii) There is no significant difference in actual skill between coupled and uncoupled models, in contrast with the potential predictability where coupled models performed better than uncoupled models (iv) relative entropy (RE[subscript]A) is an effective measure in characterizing the potential predictability of individual predictions, whereas the mutual information (MI) is a reliable indicator of overall prediction skill (v) Compared with conventional potential predictability measures of the signal-to-noise ratio, the MI-based measures characterized more potential predictability when the ensemble spread varied over initial conditions. It is also confirmed that from monthly to seasonal time scales, the potential predictability of PNA is teleconnected with ENSO. The predictive skill on intra-seasonal time scales in the tropics is linked to Madden-Julian Oscillations (MJO). Using recently developed framework of potential predictability, information-based and ensemble based predictability measures were explored on multiple time scales for MJO predictability. Results show that there is no significant difference in the simulation of MJO in coupled (CanCM3) and uncoupled (GCM3) models. Both models simulated the tropical low frequency variability reasonably well compared with observations with some positive bias iThe original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b197655
Occupational Profile of Poverty in Pakistan
No full textThe issue of poverty in Pakistan has its significance for sustainable development. Long run development is not possible without protecting the rights of the vulnerable groups and the participation of the entire population in the development process. A notable development in the last decade in Pakistan’s economic scene has been the sharp pick up in the incidence of poverty. It can be attributed to several factor. The real GDP growth fell from 6 percent in the 1980s to 5 percent in the first half of the 1990s and declined further to just over 4 percent in the second half of the decade. The rate of inflation remained in single digits throughout the 1980s but had a rapid increase of 12 percent during the first half of the 1990s. It is significant to note that food prices generally rose more sharply than overall consumer price index. The unemployment rate increased by 2 percent in the 1990s as compared to in the 1980s reflecting the deceleration of labour absorption in the economy in response to the significant decrease in the economic growth during the nineties.
Inclusive leadership and voice behavior: The role of psychological empowerment
No full textThe attached files contain the data set for the manuscript "Inclusive leadership and voice behavior: The role of psychological empowerment" along with the questionnaires which the Author(s) used to collect the data. Questionnaires contain demographic section and the scale/items measuring "inclusive leadership, psychological empowerment, and voice behavior".The attached data file was used to analyze the 4 hypotheses through SPSS and AMOS software.H1: Inclusive leadership is positively related to voice behavior.H2: Inclusive leadership is positively related to psychological empowerment.H3: Psychological empowerment is positively related to voice behavior.H4: psychological empowerment mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and voice behavior.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
TO IDENTIFY AND IMPROVE THE USE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS OF SOUTHERN BALOCHISTAN TURBAT (KECH)
No full textBalochistan is the native home of many medicianl plants. Local people use thses medicinal plants cure of different disesase. Current reserch work descibes the knowledge in traditional practices of plants identified among the peoples of district turbat, balochistan pakistan. Information was collected from 50 informants. 38 informants were female and 12 were male. The informant was grouped into four distinctive age groups. Number of male herbalist were 12 from age 45 between 65 and number of female herbalist were 38 from age 38 to 70. Medicinal plant were used for different diseases from which 14 were used for diseases of git, 11 plants were used for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, 5 plants are used due to anti microbial effects, 4 plants were used for different blood disease, 3 plants were used in fever, 3 plants for skin disease, 2 plants for CNS effects and 2 used in liver disease, only one is in cough
