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Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey
No full textThe "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publications: Kanol, Eylem (2021): Explaining Unfavorable Attitudes Toward Religious Out-Groups Among Three Major Religions. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Early view articles. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12725 Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2021): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilisation of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (7), pp. 1498-1516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Kanol, Eylem (2024): Who Supports Jihadi Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq? Assessing the Role of Religion- and Grievance-based Explanations. In: Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19434472.2024.2306872 Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available.The "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publications: Kanol, Eylem (2021): Explaining Unfavorable Attitudes Toward Religious Out-Groups Among Three Major Religions. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Early view articles. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12725 Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2021): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilisation of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (7), pp. 1498-1516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Kanol, Eylem (2024): Who Supports Jihadi Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq? Assessing the Role of Religion- and Grievance-based Explanations. In: Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19434472.2024.2306872 Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available
Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey
No full textThe "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publications: Kanol, Eylem (2021): Explaining Unfavorable Attitudes Toward Religious Out-Groups Among Three Major Religions. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Early view articles. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12725 Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2021): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilisation of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (7), pp. 1498-1516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available.The "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publications: Kanol, Eylem (2021): Explaining Unfavorable Attitudes Toward Religious Out-Groups Among Three Major Religions. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Early view articles. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12725 Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2021): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilisation of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (7), pp. 1498-1516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available
Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey
No full textThe "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publication: Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2020): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilization of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. Latest articles. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available.The "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publication: Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2020): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilization of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. Latest articles. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available
Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey
No full textThe "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publications: Kanol, Eylem (2021): Explaining Unfavorable Attitudes Toward Religious Out-Groups Among Three Major Religions. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Early view articles. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12725 Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2021): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilisation of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (7), pp. 1498-1516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Kanol, Eylem (2024): Who Supports Jihadi Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq? Assessing the Role of Religion- and Grievance-based Explanations. In: Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19434472.2024.2306872
Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available.The "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publications: Kanol, Eylem (2021): Explaining Unfavorable Attitudes Toward Religious Out-Groups Among Three Major Religions. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Early view articles. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12725 Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2021): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilisation of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (7), pp. 1498-1516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Kanol, Eylem (2024): Who Supports Jihadi Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq? Assessing the Role of Religion- and Grievance-based Explanations. In: Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19434472.2024.2306872
Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available
The Role of Socioeconomic Marginalization in the Radicalization of Jihadi Foreign Fighters from Europe
Full text linkIs socioeconomic marginalization associated with the radicalization of European foreign fighters? I analyze biographical data on 1019 foreign fighters from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom and compare their level of education and unemployment rate with those of the population most at risk of radicalization, namely the young male Muslim population within the respective country. Overall, the results indicate that compared to the population at the highest risk of radicalization, foreign fighters do not appear to be disproportionately socioeconomically deprived. An analysis of survey data on support for foreign fighters conducted among the Muslim minority in Germany further underlines these findings
The Role of Socioeconomic Marginalization in the Radicalization of Jihadi Foreign Fighters from Europe
No full textIs socioeconomic marginalization associated with the radicalization of European foreign fighters? I analyze biographical data on 1019 foreign fighters from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom and compare their level of education and unemployment rate with those of the population most at risk of radicalization, namely the young male Muslim population within the respective country. Overall, the results indicate that compared to the population at the highest risk of radicalization, foreign fighters do not appear to be disproportionately socioeconomically deprived. An analysis of survey data on support for foreign fighters conducted among the Muslim minority in Germany further underlines these findings
Von Herkunft zu Überzeugung: Deutschlands Muslime im Spannungsfeld von Nationalismus und Politischem Islam
No full textDiese Studie untersucht das Zusammenspiel zwischen Identifikation mit dem Herkunftsland, autoritären Tendenzen und der Unterstützung des Politischen Islams unter Muslimen in Deutschland. Basierend auf einer repräsentativen Umfrage aus dem Jahr 2021 unter 1300 Muslimen in Deutschland wird ein starker Zusammenhang zwischen ausgeprägter Identifikation mit dem Herkunftsland und der Neigung zum Politischen Islam festgestellt. Diese Verbindung bleibt auch nach Berücksichtigung von Religiosität, Diskriminierungserfahrungen, wahrgenommener Diskriminierung, religionsbezogener Marginalisierung und sozioökonomischen Indikatoren bestehen. Bemerkenswert ist, dass autoritäre Einstellungen diesen Zusammenhang moderieren. Das bedeutet, dass die Neigung zum Politischen Islam nicht allein durch die Stärke der ethnischen Identifikation beeinflusst wird, sondern auch durch autoritäre Tendenzen. Dies weist auf eine Konvergenz von autoritärem Nationalismus und Politischem Islam im deutschen Kontext hin.This study examines the interplay between identification with the country of origin, authoritarian tendencies, and support for Political Islam among Muslims in Germany. Based on a representative survey conducted in 2021 with 1,300 Muslims in Germany, a strong correlation is found between a pronounced identification with the country of origin and support for Political Islam. This connection remains significant even after accounting for religiosity, experiences of discrimination, perceived discrimination, religion-related marginalization, and socio-economic indicators. Notably, authoritarian attitudes moderate this relationship. This means that the support for Political Islam is influenced not only by the strength of ethnic identification but also by authoritarian tendencies. This suggests a convergence of authoritarian nationalism and Political Islam in the German context
Contexts of Radicalization of Jihadi Foreign Fighters from Europe
No full textThe research for this article is based on original biographical and relational data on 1,019 foreign fighters from France, Germany, and the UK who had traveled to a conflict country due to their Jihadi convictions between the years 2000 and 2016. It investigates where and how they had radicalized. The findings suggest that foreign fighters were primarily recruited through interpersonal or religious organizational networks. Salafist mosques, radical religious associations, and more informal groups dedicated to proselytizing were particularly crucial to the radicalization process. In contrast, contexts such as the Internet or prisons were comparably less relevant to the radicalization process of foreign fighters. The important role of interpersonal and organizational ties was further evidenced by social network analysis, which found that the majority of foreign fighters were linked within a single social network prior to their mobilization. Overall, the findings document the continued relevance of religious organizations in the recruitment and mobilization of jihadi foreign fighters
Who supports Jihadi foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq? Assessing the role of religion- and grievance-based explanations
No full textThis article explores public support for Jihadi foreign fighters, an area largely unexplored in existing literature, despite its relevance to counterterrorism. The study draws on two key theoretical perspectives: grievance-based explanations that propose support for militancy arises from perceived societal injustices, and religion-based explanations that look at the role of religious factors in fostering support for religious militancy. Using original survey data from 5145 Muslim respondents across seven countries (Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, Turkey), the study empirically tests these perspectives. The findings underscore religious fundamentalism as a potent influencer of support for foreign fighters. By providing large-scale survey data and a comprehensive comparative analysis of dominant theories, this research enhances our understanding of the dynamics that underpin public support for Jihadi foreign fighters
Wertewandel im Nahen Osten? Rezension zu "The Clash of Values: Islamic Fundamentalism Versus Liberal Nationalism" von Mansoor Moaddel
Full text linkMansoor Moaddel: The Clash of Values - Islamic Fundamentalism Versus Liberal Nationalism. New York City: Columbia University Press 2020. 978023119383
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