1,721,023 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Hepatoprotective Effects of the Folk Medicines of “Yan-Kan-Tang No.1” and “Yan- Kan-Tang No.2” on Rats
No full text由行政院農業委員會農業試驗所生產九種臺灣民間常用的保肝草藥，分別以全株或根為材料組成養肝湯1號及2號複方，經水煎、濃縮及冷凍乾燥所得凍晶粉末產率22.06 %，以口服300及500 mg kg-1二種劑量，分別進行對位乙臨 氯基分acetaminophen (APAP) 500 mg kg -1 劑量誘發大鼠急性肝炎之保肝效果評估，結果顯示，經口服養肝湯1號 300 mg kg-1 bw 劑量後注射 APAP ，體內出現顯著保肝的效果，其SGOT及SGPT值(U L-1)，分別低於 APAP 組與 silymarin 保肝藥劑組，差異達5 % 顯著水準。此情形續經肝切片檢查發現，口服養肝湯1號300 mg kg-1 bw 劑量24 hr後，經注射 APAP 之大鼠肝臟中央區出血(centrizonal hemorrhagic)、壞死及淋巴球 (lymphocytes)與kupffer細胞的在集，引起發炎等現象出現明顯抑制。對大鼠肝急毒性(LD50)評估上，發現對大鼠之口服急毒性之LD50值大於10 g kg-1 bw，口服急毒性等級屬『正常使用時無毒性(unlikely to present hazard in normal use)。
The folk medicines of “Yan-Kan-Tang No.1 (YKT No.1) ” and “Yan-Kan-Tang No.2 (YKT No.2) ” were made of nine different crude drugs collected from Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute Medicinal Garden, Wufeng, Taiwan. The effective portions of these crude drugs were either roots or whole plants. The concentrated powder was made from aqueous extracts of the crude drugs, with the recovery rate of 22.06%, and was used to feed the rats for evaluating its hepatoprotective effect. Two different doses, 300 and 500 mg kg-1 bw, were given separately before the acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity occurred at dose of 500 mg kg-1 bw, and then the activities of transaminases of SGOT and SGPT (U L-1) in rats were significantly decreased after the treatment with YKT No.1 at the rat of 300 mg kg1 relative to those of the acetaminophen and silymarin-treat group. The morphological changes in the hepatic tissue were evident. Symptoms appeared from slight to moderate in focal vacuolization of centrilobular hepatocytes, in broad inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes, and in appearance of kupffer cells around the central vein in the liver of rats treated with acetaminophen. For an oral toxicity study of YKT No.1, it indicated that the acute oral LD50 was greater than 10 g kg-1 bw in rats, suggesting that the oral dose used for this study caused no hazardous effect to mammalians
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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