323,071 research outputs found
Prosjekt Kalaiselvi - Revitalisering av uteområdet til et barnehjem i India
No full textI initiated the Kalaiselvi Project in spring 2012, with a vision to plan and execute a project to revitalize the outdoor environment of a children ́s home in India. The outdoor area of Angel House Children’s Home in Chennai was previously in a very poor condition, and it was not safe for the children to play there. Through four years of work, with fundraising, visits to India with registrations and participation work, it has been an educational and exciting process, up until the outdoor environment was finished built in March 2016.
The thesis deals with the question of the challenges and opportunities that I, as a landscape architect, had when I was planning the outdoor area of the children ́s home. The thesis also examines the question of how the residents of the children ́s home could be included in the planning process.Participatory planning is a valuable tool that is becoming more and more used in landscape planning. Landscape democracy is promoted through participation, through giving the people you plan for a voice, and enabling them to affect their own surrounding landscape.
In the first part of the thesis, a literature study is presented, where I wanted to gain knowledge on how to use participation in the planning process. The literature part reflects on what participation is, and why we should use participation in landscape planning. The benefits and challenges of participation are presented, along with a selection of reference projects that have been an inspiration to the Kalaiselvi Project. Throughout the process, I tried to connect the literature study to the project. I realized that much of the literature might be better suited for planning in bigger communities, but I could still draw parallels to the Kalaiselvi project and make use of the knowledge.
In the second part of the thesis, a full report of the Kalaiselvi Project ́s process is presented, divided into five stages: 1. Listen, 2. Plan, 3. Design, 4. Build and 5. Maintain. In the first step, participation is taken from theory to practice, where the children and staff at the children ́s home contribute to the planning. In the planning and designing part of the process, the material from the participation part is considered for the plan proposals, to ensure a plan solution that satisfies the desires and needs of the children and staff at the children ́s home.
During the process I ran into a number of challenges and opportunities, and I could immerse in exciting materials and a wide range of plants. In the actual building process, there were challenges of cultural differences regarding perception of time, division of labor and gender roles, delay of materials and concerns regarding maintenance. Despite the challenges, the building process went relatively smoothly, and the project was realized within the time limit. The children and staff at the children ́s home participated actively throughout the whole project implementation, and has done an outstanding job with the maintenance of their new outdoor area after completion.Jeg startet opp Kalaiselvi prosjektet våren 2012, med en visjon om å planlegge og utføre et prosjekt om å revitalisere uteområdet til et barnehjem i India. Angel House Children ́s Home i Chennai hadde tidligere et uteområde som var lite givende og utrygt for barna å oppholde seg i, og dette ønsket jeg å gjøre noe med. Gjennom et flerårig arbeid med innsamlingsaksjon, befaringer til India med registreringer og medvirkningsarbeid, har det vært en lærerik og spennende prosess, frem til uteområdet stod ferdig bygget i mars 2016.
Oppgaven tar for seg spørsmålet om hvilke utfordringer og muligheter jeg som landskapsarkitekt hadde, når jeg skulle planlegge uteområdet til barnehjemmet. Oppgaven tar også for seg spørsmålet om hvordan beboerne på barnehjemmet kunne inkluderes i planleggingsprosessen, for å sikre at de følte eierskap til prosjektet og ønsket å vedlikeholde det nye uteområdet sitt. Medvirkning i planleggingsprosesser er et nyttig verktøy som blir mer og mer tatt i bruk i landskapsplanlegging. Ved medvirkning blir landskapsdemorkratiet fremmet, gjennom at de en planlegger for, får en stemme, og med dette en sterkere tilknytning til prosjektet.
I den første delen av oppgaven blir et litteraturstudie presentert, der jeg ønsket å tilegne meg kunnskap om hvordan en benytter medvirkning i planleggingsprosesser. Litteraturen svarer på hva medvirkning er, og hvorfor man burde bruke medvirkning i landskapsplanlegging. Både fordeler og utfordringer ved medvirkning blir presentert, sammen med et utvalg av referanseprosjekter som har vært til inspirasjon for Kalaiselvi prosjektet. Gjennom hele prosessen forsøkte jeg å koble litteraturstudiet opp mot prosjektet, og jeg innså at mye av litteraturen kanskje var bedre egnet for planlegging i større bosamfunn, men at jeg likevel kunne trekke paralleller til Kalaiselvi prosjektet.
I den andre delen av oppgaven blir en fullstendig rapport for selve prosjektet presentert, der prosessen er delt inn i fem steg: 1. Lytt, 2. Planlegg, 3. Utform, 4. Bygg og 5. Vedlikehold. I første steg blir medvirkning tatt fra teori til praksis, der barna og de ansatte blir engasjert til å bidra i planleggingsprosessen av det nye uteområdet sitt. I planleggingen og utformingen blir materialet fra medvirkningen vurdert og tatt i bruk i planforslagene, for å sikre et løsningsforslag som tilfredstilte ønskene og behovene til barna og de ansatte ved barnehjemmet.
Utfordringene og mulighetene var mange, og jeg kunne fordype meg i spennende materialer og et mangfoldig planteutvalg. Jeg støtte på utfordringer angående kulturforskjeller, oppfatning av tid, arbeidsfordeling og kjønnsroller, forsinkelse av materialer og bekymringer angående vedlikehold. Til tross for utfordringene gikk byggeprosessen relativt problemfritt, og prosjektet ble realisert innen tidsfristen med god margin. Barna og de ansatte ved barnehjemmet deltok aktivt gjennom hele prosjektrealiseringen, og har i ettertid av prosjektet gjort en fremragende jobb med vedlikeholdet av det nye uteområdet sitt.M-L
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Preparation and characterization of biodegradable chitosan based nanocomposite films for food packaging application.
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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