1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Point sur les techniques de reproduction assistée au Cameroun
No full textBackground: Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) include artificial insemination (AI), embryo transfer (ET), multiple ovulation embryo transfer (MOET), estrus synchronization and superovulation, laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU), in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC) (collectively known as in vitro embryo production, or IVEP), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), cryopreservation of sperm, cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos, sperm and embryo sexing, embryo splitting, embryo cloning, nuclear transfer (NT), gene transfer, and marker-assisted selection (MAS). Emerging technologies include microfluidics, three-dimensional printing of cell culture materials, organoid culture, livecell imaging, new advances in cryopreservation, and artificial intelligence. Aim: This study aims to present an update and overview of ARTs in Cameroon with a focus on cattle. Results: In Cameroon, several methods have been used to synchronize the estrus in cattle using progestins (PRIDND Delta & CIDR-B), prostaglandins (PGF), and GnRH. Adding progesterone to the CoSynch protocol improves the fertility of local cows. Since the first artificial insemination was performed in 1942 with fresh semen, numerous genetic improvement projects using fixed-time AI with frozen semen have improved the genetics of local breeds, with an overall pregnancy rate of 49.5% (32.8–57). The main constraints facing AI in Cameroon are the availability and cost of liquid nitrogen for transporting semen, especially in rural zones. Several studies have been done on the ovarian potential of local cattle for in vitro embryo production. Much of the research was done using slaughterhouse ovaries with a potential ranging from 55 to 60% of selected oocytes for in vitro embryo production (grades I and II) using the slicing technique. Conclusions: The use of ovum pick-up procedures guided by ultrasound to collect oocytes from both fertile and infertile genetically valuable cows, IVM, IVF, IVC, and other ARTs (in vivo embryo production, embryo transfer, embryo splitting, cloning, production of transgenic animals, and emerging technologies) is not yet widespread in Cameroon. There is an urgent need for stakeholders in Cameroon to develop and update policies and guidelines to help address ethical concerns regarding ARTs.Contexto: Las técnicas de reproducción asistida comprenden: inseminación artificial; transferencia embrionaria de ovulación múltiple; sincronización de celos y superovulación; extracción de ovocitos por laparoscopia, maduración in vitro (MIV), fecundación in vitro (FIV) y cultivo in vitro (CIV), colectivamente llamados producción de embriones in vitro (PEIV); inyección intracitoplásmica de espermatozoides, crioconservación de espermatozoides, crioconservación de ovocitos y de embriones, sexado de espermatozoides y bisección de embriones; división embrionaria, clonación de embriones, transferencia nuclear, transferencia de genes y selección asistida por marcadores. Las tecnologías emergentes comprenden: microfluídica, impresión tridimensional de materiales de cultivo celular, cultivo de organoides, imaginería de células vivas, nuevos avances en materia de crioconservación e inteligencia artificial. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar información actualizada sobre las tecnologías de reproducción asistida centradas en los bovinos del Camerún. Resultados: En el Camerún se utilizaron varios métodos para sincronizar el estro en los bovinos: mediante progestágenos (PRIDND Delta y CIDR-B), prostaglandinas (PGF) y GnRH. Añadir progesterona al protocolo CoSynch mejora la fertilidad de las vacas locales. Desde la primera inseminación artificial realizada el 1942 con esperma fresco, numerosos proyectos de mejora genética mediante inseminación artificial en tiempo fijo con esperma congelado mejoraron la genética de las razas locales, con una tasa de gestación global del 49,5 % (32,8–57). Las principales limitaciones para la inseminación artificial en el Camerún son la disponibilidad y el coste del nitrógeno líquido para el transporte del esperma, especialmente en las zonas rurales. Se llevaron a cabo varios estudios sobre el potencial ovárico de los bovinos de razas locales para la producción de embriones in vitro, y una gran parte de estas investigaciones se realizó en ovarios de matadero que presentaban un potencial del 55 al 60 % de ovocitos seleccionables para la producción de embriones in vitro (grados I y II) con la técnica de corte en láminas. Conclusiones: El uso de procedimientos de extracción de ovocitos guiada por ultrasonidos a partir de vacas de elevado valor genético fértiles y estériles, MIV, FIV, CIV y otras técnicas de reproducción asistida (producción de embriones in vivo, transferencia de embriones, división de embriones, clonación, producción de animales transgénicos y tecnologías emergentes), todavía no se han popularizado en el Camerún. Es urgente que las partes interesadas en el Camerún elaboren y actualicen las políticas y líneas conductoras para ayudar a responder a las preocupaciones éticas que afectan a las técnicas de reproducción asistida.Contexte : Les techniques de reproduction assistée comprennent l’insémination artificielle ; le transfert d’embryons ; le transfert d’embryons à ovulation multiple ; la synchronisation des chaleurs et la superovulation ; le prélèvement d’ovocytes par laparoscopie, la maturation in vitro (MIV), la fécondation in vitro (FIV) et la culture in vitro (CIV) collectivement appelés production d’embryons in vitro (PEIV), injection intracytoplasmique de spermatozoïdes, cryoconservation de spermatozoïdes, cryoconservation d’ovocytes et d’embryons, sexage des spermatozoïdes et bissection d’embryons, division embryonnaire, clonage d’embryons, transfert nucléaire, transfert de gènes et sélection assistée par marqueurs. Les technologies émergentes comprennent la microfluidique, l’impression tridimensionnelle de matériaux de culture cellulaire, la culture d’organoïdes, l’imagerie de cellules vivantes, les nouvelles avancées en matière de cryoconservation et l’intelligence artificielle. Objectif : Cette étude vise à faire le point sur les technologies de reproduction assistée au Cameroun axées sur les bovins. Résultats : Au Cameroun, plusieurs méthodes ont été utilisées pour synchroniser l’oestrus chez les bovins, utilisant des progestagénes (PRIDND Delta et CIDR-B), des prostaglandines (PGF) et de la GnRH. L’ajout de progestérone au protocole CoSynch améliore la fertilité des vaches locales. Depuis la première insémination artificielle réalisée en 1942 avec de la semence fraîche, de nombreux projets d’amélioration génétique utilisant l’insémination artificielle à temps fixe avec de la semence congelée ont amélioré la génétique des races locales, avec un taux de gestation global de 49,5% (32,8-57). Les principales contraintes pour l’ insémination artificielle au Cameroun sont la disponibilité et le coût de l’azote liquide pour le transport de la semence, notamment en zones rurales. Plusieurs études ont été menées sur le potentiel ovarien des bovins de races locales pour la production d’embryons in vitro, et une grande partie de ces recherches a été réalisée sur des ovaires d’abattoir présentant un potentiel de 55 à 60 % d’ovocytes sélectionnables pour la production d’embryons in vitro (grades I et II) par la technique de découpage en tranches. Conclusions : L’utilisation des procédés de collecte d’ovocytes guidée par ultrasons à partir de vaches de haute valeur génétique fertiles et infertiles, la MIV, la FIV, la CIV et d’autres techniques de reproduction assistée (production d’embryons in vivo, transfert d’embryons, division d’embryons, clonage, production d’animaux transgéniques et technologies émergentes) ne sont pas encore popularisées au Cameroun. Il est urgent que les parties prenantes au Cameroun élaborent et mettent à jour des politiques et des lignes directrices pour aider à répondre aux préoccupations éthiques concernant les techniques de reproduction assistée
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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