1,720,982 research outputs found
(26(3):216-223)STUDIES ON FUSARIAL WILT AND ROOT DISEASE COMPLEXES OF ASPARAGUS IN TAIWAN
No full text調查本省苗栗、彰化、嘉義及屏東等四縣主要蘆筍栽培鄉鎮共11,201處（每處01公頃）蘆筍田，發現根部病害周年發生率達1.8～5.2％。全部罹病株中Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. asparagi引起之立枯病約佔46％，F. moniliforme引起之根腐病約17％，餘為其他病原菌如F. solani, Rhizoctonia solani及Pythium sp.等所引起。土壤種類對根部病害之發生有很大的影響，周年平均發病率壤土為.％，砂壤土為.％，壤砂土及砂土為5.2％。
以F. oxysporum f . sp. asparagi與F . moniliforme 兩種病原菌探討土壤溫度及濕度與發病之關係，發現兩者均以土壤溫度25℃發病最嚴重，但土壤濕度則前者以21% MHC ，後者以26% MHC 最易發病。F. oxysporum f. sp. asparagi在中性（PH7）土壤，F. moniliforme 以略偏酸性（PH6）土壤較適於發病。
A survey on fusarial wilt and other root diseases of asparagus was carried out from 11,201 fields located at 4 different asparagus growing prefectures in Taiwan in 1975. It was found that annual average of wilt and root diseases reached as high as 1.8-5.2%. Among diseased plants fourty six percent were proved to be incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. asparagi, 17% by F. moniliforme, and the rest of them by F. solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythiurn sp. The soil type of asparagus field was proved to be closely related to the severity of root diseases; those of loam soil showed 2.4% of disease, sandy loam 3.6%, but loamy sand and sand 5.2%.
Although the optimum soil temperatures for disease incidence of both F. oxysporum sp. asparagi and F. moniliforme were at 25°C, the former was more prevalent if soil water holding capacity was at 21% with soil pH at 7, and the latter was more favorable at 26 % of water holding capacity with a soil pH around 6
(25(1):13-22)CULTURE CHARACTERISTICS, CHEMICAL TOLERANCE AND SYMPTOM TYPES OF SINGLE-BASIDIOSPORE ISOLATES OF THANATEPHORUS CUCUMERIS
No full text本研究以自然環境下發生於黃麻田間成熟黃麻株接近地面莖部之Thanatephorus cucumeris子實層所分離之17個單擔胞子菌株和母菌株（分離自次子實層菌絲單綑胞）為材料。各單擔胞子菌株之培養性狀，包括菌絲生長速度、培養基酸鹼度之變化、菌落色澤和菌核產生情形等，不但和母菌株不盡相同，而且菌株間亦互不一致。少數菌株對五氯硝苯(PCNB)之抗性和母菌株相似，但大部份菌株之抗藥性均有增強之趨勢。
供試各菌株對黃麻幼苗均有病原性，罹病幼苗於近地面莖部初呈水浸狀斑點，繼之呈黑褐色不規則形斑塊，略凹陷，俟病斑擴大環繞全莖後表皮裂開，纖維裸露，並自病患處腰折枯死。各菌株對水稻亦有不同程度之病原性，但病徵型却可分成三種：7個菌株和母菌株之病徵型相同，產生典型紋枯病雲狀病斑；另4個菌株產生較小型類似紋枯病之斑駁，惟病斑中央為灰褐色；其餘6個菌株產生褐色條狀斑，並具淡黃色暈圈。
Seventeen single-basidiospore isolates were isolated from the hymenial layer of Thanatephorus cucumeris produced on the mature jute stem in the field. These isolates showed great variations on hyphal growth rate, PH value changes of culture medium, colony color, and sclerotial formation. The parent clone showed a moderate tolerance to penta-chloronitrobenzen (PCNB) with 42-66% of growth inhibition at the concentrations of 100-4,000 ppm. However, 2 single-basidiospore isolates showed the same degree of PCNB tolerance as the parent clone, 4 isolates lower, and the rest 11 isolates higher than the parent.
All single-basidiospore isolates as well as the parent clone were pathogenic to jute seedlings showing typical symptoms of seedling damping-off. These isolates were also pathogenic to rice plants but with variable symptoms. The symptoms on rice plants could be grouped into 3 types: seven isolates and the parent clone showed the typical sheath blight spot, 4 isolates produced sheah blight-like spot with grayish-brown color in the central part, and the rest 6 isolates produced rod-like brown spot with yellowish-brown margin. Since the variations are too great among single-basidiospore isolates, it is, therefore, concluded that neither culture characteristic nor symptom type can be served to distinguish strains of T. cucumeris
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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