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(11(1):27-37)The Demonstration Of Astraglus Sinicus As A Winter Green Manure In Paddy Field
No full text1. 本示範試驗分在臺北、宜蘭、桃園、新竹、苗栗、臺中、彰化、花蓮、臺東等九縣，39個鄉鎮）共設71處舉辦。
2. 每處示範試驗面積5公畝（20×25= 500 m2）一半作為綠肥用，另一半作留種用，均在二期作水稻收穫前15~20天，將紫雲英種子與種過紫雲英之土壤混台，施行播種。每一示範區之種子是為750克，接種用之土壤15公斤，均將用條播法，每隔二行水稻種植一行紫雲英。
3. 紫雲英生長期間，有少數示範區，因雨水多或天氣乾旱時，未注意排水與灌溉，影響紫雲英之鮮莖葉收量甚大，有者甚至因而廢耕。在桃園之紅土或瘠薄之土地，每公頃需施用熔磷或過磷酸鈣200公斤，作為基肥，則可增加紫雲英之鮮莖葉收量。紫雲英均在翌年第一期水稻插秧前二週犁入田中當作綠肥，每公頃不超過10,000公斤。
4 ．紫雲英之鮮莖葉產量與土壤質地及 pH 值關係亦極為密切，根據分析結果， pH 值高，則紫雲英鮮莖葉產量也高，在壤土生長之紫雲英收量均較粘土為高。
5. 紫雲英一般生長情形均極良好，每公頃鮮莖葉收量，計宜蘭縣最高為 36,900 公斤（平均收量22,684公斤），臺北縣為32,250公斤（平均收量22,606公斤），桃園縣為29,250公斤（平均收量22,044公斤），新竹縣為38,750公斤（平均收重29,173公斤），苗栗縣為34,125公斤（平均收重26,425公斤），臺中縣為28,000 公斤（平均收重24,250公斤），彰化縣為24,000公斤（平均收重17,500公斤），花蓮縣為45,380公斤（平均收重35,939公斤），臺東區農業改良場為25,000公斤，均為當地農民所、歡迎。
6. 各地區之紫雲英採種情形：宜蘭地區，因雨水多，排水困難，紫雲英莖葉發生腐爛，故紫雲英種子收量少，每公頃之最高收量為190公斤，平均收量僅128公斤。臺中、彰化、花蓮、臺東地區，因在紫雲英開花時期，氣溫較高，發生白粉病為害甚烈，該等地區種子收量甚少，每公頃之最高收量為80~160公斤，平均收量僅50~80公斤。臺北區450公斤，平均收量350公斤。桃園區因紅土關係，其種子採收量亦較少，最高為360公斤，平均收量僅158公斤，新竹及苗栗區之收量為580公斤，平均牧量450~500公斤，為各區中之最高者。
1. For the purpose to demonstrate the A. sinicus as a winter green manure in paddy field, trials were conducted simultaneously at nine different prefectures, namely Taipei, E-lan, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Maoli, Taichung, Changhwa, Hwalien and Taitung. The number of demonstration-plot was seventy-one in total.
2. The area for each demonstration plot is five are (20×25= 500 m2), in which one-half is used to produce seeds. A total amount of 750 grams seeds mixed with 15 kilograms of soils which formerly A. sinicus was planted once, was drilled in rows at the interval of two rice plant rows before 15-20 days of the second rice crop harvesting.
3. During the growing time, the A. sinicus was seriously damaged owing to either too much or shortage of rainfall in several demonstration plots. As a result, the yield of green materials was significantly decreased or completely lost. 200 kilograms per hectare of fusea phosphate or calcium superphosphate used as basic dressing, can increase the yield of milk vetch at Tauyuan rigion where the soil is reddish and poor. Until two weeks before the first rice crop transplanting of the succeeding year, the A. sinicus was plough into soil at the rate of the-thousand kilograms per hectare for each demonstration-plot.
4. The yield of green materials was obviously related with the soil texture and pH value. Results obtained from the soil analysis indicated that the green materials increassed with the higher of pH value. Meanwhile, the weight of green materials was also higher in loam than in clay soils.
5. Excepting the above mentioned situation, the A. sinicus showed very good result in other demonstration plots. The highest amount of green materials as well as the average produced in each prefecture can be summarized as follows:
Prefecture The highest yields (kg.) T he average (kg.)
E-lan 36,900 22,684
Taipei 32,259 22,606
Taoyuan 29,250 22.044
Hsinchu 38,750 29,173
Maoli 34,125 26,425
Taichug 28,000 24,250
Changhwa 24,000 17,500
Hwalien 45,380 35,939
Taitung 25,000(only one demonstration plot)
* The experiment was aided by a grant from Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction.
** Technician, Taiwan Agricultual Research Institute.
6. Seeds produced in each demonstration-plot were varied from different per-fectures. In E-lan Hsien, because of too much rainfall and poor drainage, the A. sinicus fell into putrefaction and the yield of seeds was greatly decreased. The highest harvesting is 190 kilograms per hectare with an average of only 128 kilograms. For Taickung, Changhwa, Hwalien and Taltung prefectues, the production of seeds are also reduced into 80-160 kilograms with an average of only 50-80 kilograms owing to high temperature and the prevalence of white powder disease. In Hsinchu as well as in Maoli Hsien, the highest seed production is 580 kilograms with an average of 450-500 kilograms giving the highest grade among all prefectures. In Taipei Hsien, the highest amount of seed production is 450 kilograms and the average is 350 kilogr-ams. Seeds produced in red soil areas of Taoyuan Hsien are also reduced. The highest production is 360 kilograms per hectare with only 158 kilograms in average
(20(4):74-81)A STUDY ON THE RESPONSE OF LEGUME PLANT TO LIME, PHOSPHATE AND INOCULATION ON ACID RED SOILS 1. The Effect of Inoculation on the Growth of Clycine Koidzum.
No full text本試驗分田間及盆栽兩部份，其目的在探求適於琉球大豆根瘤菌，以供接種而增加其產量，特再以自琉球大豆本身分離出之根瘤菌重作試驗，以觀察其增產效果。可得結論如下：
(1) 由本試驗結果，確定琉球大豆根瘤，非為一般大豆之根瘤菌，故必須自琉球大豆本身分離出之根瘤菌接種，方有顯著效果。
(2) 在施用石灰及磷肥之情形下，接種琉球大豆根瘤菌有顯著之效果。
(3) 田間試驗各處理間，接種琉球大豆根瘤菌與否，對根瘤數及乾物重所生之差異甚大，接種處理之根瘤數既多，根瘤乾物重亦大。
(4) 施用石灰與磷肥之殘效，以每公頃施用5,000公斤及磷肥施用160公斤（P2O5）為優。
Field experiments of double split Plot design with four replications were carried out at Ping-Cheng to investigate the effect of lime, phpsophate and inoculation on the growth of legume plant, Clycine Koidzum. A pot trial was carried out during the same time at Tari in Taipei for the same purpose but different treatments. In the field expriment, two levels of lime, three levels of phosphate, two kinds of inoculation were involved. While in the pot trail, there were four treatments (1) without lime, phosphate and inoculation (2) without lime and phosphate, with inoculation (3) with lime and phosphate, without inoculation (4) with lime, phosphate and inoculation.
The experimental results may be summarized as follows:
1. Results showed that Rhizobium bacteria isolated from the root nodules of G koidzum was different from the other strains of Rhizobium japonicum. Inoculation of the said Rhizobium bacteria had a significant effect on growth of G. koidzum.
2. Data indicated that liming and phosphate application had a better effect on the fresh weight of G. kidzum plants inoculated with the so-called Rhizobium bacteria.
3. The results of the yield experiments revealed marked difference in the number and dry weight of nodules between inoculation treatment. There were more number and higher dry weight of nodules in the plots with inoculation than that without inoculation.
4. Application of lime with 5 tons/ha. and phosphate 160 kg/ha had a better results on the residual effect in fertility
(17(3):7-16)EFFECT OF LIME AND PHOSPHATE ON THE YIELD OF MILK VETCH (ASTRAGALUS SINICUS) IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECT ON RICE
No full text石門水庫建設完成後，在該區域轄內約有6,000餘公頃的旱地，均可轉作為水田。由於初期農民於對轉作稻田施肥不適當，稻谷收量低落，農民得不償失，對於轉作稻田多裹足不前。最近經農試所肥力測定與精密田間試驗結果，發現該地區普遍缺乏磷肥，栽植水稻時，若能施用充足磷肥，同時兼施氮鉀肥，可確保稻谷收量，每公頃在3,500~4,500公斤間。
旱地開墾為稻田，費用甚高，為減輕農民負擔，提高稻作收量，擬在冬季試種紫雲英。由於該地區土壤酸度高，磷素含量低，因此本試驗目的在探討石灰與磷肥對於紫雲英之效應及其對於後作水稻之影響，藉以明嘹在冬季期間，是否可以裡作紫雲英，供作家畜飼料之用，以增加農民之收入，減輕新墾水田農民之負擔。
本研究曾接受國家長期發展科學委員會之補助，並承農復會補助試驗經費，謹申謝忱。
These field experiments were carried out at Pinchin and Chungli to study the effect of lime and phosphate on the yield of milk vetch and residual effect on the growth of rice. Split plot design with five replications was used. Two levels of lime, O and the amount to regulate the soil pH to 6.0 were set in the main plots while three levels of phosphate, 60,120, and 18o kg P2O5 were set in the plots. The milk vetch was cut off the land after 128 days growth. The rice was harvested after 125 days’ growth at both two locations.
The fresh weight of milk vetch and the grain weight of rice were used for the analysis of variance. The soils of all treatments were sampled for pH, organic matter, and available P, K test after the harvest of rice.
From the experimental data, the following facts can be seen:
(1) There were significant effect of lime and phosphate on the yield of milk vetch at both lecations. Lime and phosphate can inorcease the yield of milk vetch very markedly.
(2) At Pinchin, the yields of rice of the plots where the milk vetch was growed previ-ously were much less than those where no milk vetch was growed. However, there was no marked difference in rice yield due to the effect of milk vetch at Chungli.
(3) No effect lime on the growth of rice can be detected at both locations,
(4) The yield of rice varied significantly with the amount of phosphate applied.
(5) The soil available phosphate was depleted more much in the soil where lime had been applied and milk vetch had been planted previously than in the soil without lime and milk vetch at Pinchin. However, this was not true for the soil of Chungli where the soil has lower fertility than that of Pinchin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
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counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
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A Study on the Response of Legume Plants to Lime, Phosphate and Inoculation on Acid Red Soils
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