897 research outputs found
Equivalence Constraint Satisfaction Problems
No full textThe following result for finite structures Gamma has been conjectured to hold for all countably infinite omega-categorical structures Gamma: either the model-complete core Delta of Gamma has an expansion by finitely many constants such that the pseudovariety generated by its polymorphism algebra contains a two-element algebra all of whose operations are projections, or there is a homomorphism f from Delta^k to Delta, for some finite k, and an automorphism alpha of Delta satisfying f(x1,...,xk) = alpha(f(x2,...,xk,x1)). This conjecture has been confirmed for all infinite structures Gamma that have a first-order definition over (Q;<), and for all structures that are definable over the random graph. In this paper, we verify the conjecture for all structures that are definable over an equivalence relation with a countably infinite number of countably infinite classes.
Our result implies a complexity dichotomy (into NP-complete and P) for a family of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) which we call equivalence constraint satisfaction problems. The classification for equivalence CSPs can also be seen as a first step towards a classification of the CSPs for all relational structures that are first-order definable over Allen's interval algebra, a well-known constraint calculus in temporal reasoning
Zasoby podmiotowe i radzenie sobie ze stresem a zdrowie osób bliskich wspierających chorych na białaczkę
No full textThe aim of the conducted research was to learn the psychological mechanisms leading to health in relatives who support patients with leukaemia.
The Functional Health Model developed by Helena Wrona-Polańska (2003), which is based on a systems theory that takes into account the relationship between a person and his or her environment, is the theoretical basis of the work. According to Wrona-Polańska (2003, 2011), health is understood as a function of creative coping with stress, where the key role is played by resources or their deficits, which determine the effectiveness of coping. The fundamental importance in the adopted model is attributed to the pro-health personality, a complex variable that influences three pathways to health (the competence path, the emotional path and the tension path).
The research covered 100 people supporting patients with leukaemia. A standardized interview constructed on the basis of the Questionnaire of Stressful Life Events (KWS) by Helena Wrona-Polańska (2003), estimated scales and questionnaire tools were used in the research. Health was defined on the basis of the operational definition of health given by Wrona-Polańska (2003), it was measured with five indicators: a sense of health, a sense of calm, a sense of quality of life, a sense of lack of fatigue and participation in social life. The result obtained by the participants on the scale of anxiety as a state (Wrona-Polańska, 2011) was the indicator of stress level. Styles of coping with stress were measured by using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations Questionnaire (CISS). The questionnaire and standardized interviews were used to study the resources. Self-esteem was measured with The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES), sense of coherence was measured with Antonovsky's sense of coherence (SOC-29), dispositional anxiety was measure with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI X-2) developed by D. Spielberg, J. Strelau, M. Tysarczyk and K. Wrześniewski, sense of support and self-efficacy in struggling with the disease of a close relative was measured with a standardized interview.
The analysis of the results was qualitative and quantitative, and included the following groups of variables: health, stress and coping styles as well as resources. The statistical analyses, that were carried out, revealed that 2/3 of the participants assessed their health as average or high. Half of the people supporting leukaemia patients experience a high level of stress. 1/4 of respondents have a low level of sense of coherence and control, 1/3 of respondents have a low
sense of support and self-efficacy in coping with the disease of a close relative, half of the respondents have a high level of dispositional anxiety.
The statistical analyses, that were carried out, enabled to determine the predictors of health, stress and coping with stress. The regression analysis revealed that the positive predictors of health of people supporting leukaemia patients are: seeking social contacts and a sense of support from others, while negative ones are: a style focused on emotions and dispositional anxiety. Stress is explained by a style focused on emotions, a sense of coherence and dispositional anxiety. Subjective resources are the psychological mechanisms conditioning the health of people supporting leukaemia patients. The resources affect the health of close relatives who support patients with leukaemia, strengthen the sense of health, counteract high levels of stress and condition the coping with a difficult situation such as a close relative’s suffering from leukaemia. Health is conducive to the search for social contacts understood as seeking support, a strong sense of coherence, a sense of support from others and positive self- esteem, which helps to avoid concentration on negative emotions and motivates to engage in activities that release positive emotions. Concentration on negative emotions and high level of dispositional anxiety threaten the health of the participants.
The results of the research can be applied in psychological practice - to construct preventive and health promoting programs among people supporting patients with leukaemia
Formal Modelling of Content-Based Protection and Release for Access Control in NATO Operations
No full textThe successful operation of NATO missions requires the effective and secure sharing of information among coalition partners and external organizations, while avoiding the disclosure of sensitive information to unauthorized users. To resolve the conflict between confidentiality and availability in a dynamic coalition and network environment while being able to dynamically respond to changes in protection requirements and release conditions, NATO is developing a new information sharing infrastructure. In this paper we present the Content-based Protection and Release (CPR) access control model for the NATO information sharing infrastructure. We define a declarative specification language for CPR based on the first-order logical framework underlying a class of efficient theorem-proving tools, called Satisfiability Modulo Theories solvers, and describe how they can support answering authorization queries. We illustrate the ideas in a use case scenario drawn from the NATO Passive Missile Defence system for simulating the consequences of intercepting missile attacks
Efficacy of gamified Applications of mental Health Promotion and Prevention: Results of a systematic Review
No full textAschentrup L, Dadaczynski K, McCall T, Steimer P, Fischer F, Wrona KJ. Wirksamkeit von gamifizierten Anwendungen der psychischen Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention: Ergebnisse eines systematischen Reviews. In: Soziale Gesundheit neu denken: Herausforderungen für Sozialmedizin und medizinische Soziologie in der digitalen Spätmoderne – Gemeinsame Jahrestagung der DGSMP und der DGMS 2022. Das Gesundheitswesen. Vol 84. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2022: 861
Enabling civil-military collaboration for disaster relief operations in smart city environments
No full textTo address the aftermath of ever more frequent natural disasters striking highly-populated urban areas, Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) operations increasingly involve the coordinated efforts of multiple agencies and in particular Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC). In such scenarios, rescuers operate in a disrupted environment, must maintain a high operational tempo, and need to quickly make high-impact decisions. Effectively supporting emergency responders through IT services that implement accurate situation awareness presents a formidable set of challenges, including the discovery and integration of surviving IT assets with purposely deployed ones; effective information prioritization; resilient communications; and secure information sharing. We believe that in the highly digital modern urban environment, often referred to as smart cities, these challenges can be effectively addressed only by integrating by design HADR support into the smart city middleware. This paper presents Aceso - a proof-of-concept smart city middleware that provides location-and context-sensitive services with full support for HADR operations. Aceso provides a set of functions, ranging from resource discovery to secure information sharing, that can be quickly activated in case of unpredictable and adverse events to facilitate HADR operations. Furthermore, Aceso leverages the Value-of-Information (VoI) methodology to handle the processing and dissemination of mission-critical information. To validate the capabilities of Aceso, we devised a fictional HADR scenario, set in the city of Helsinki, Finland, that involves the collaboration of multiple responder teams with different roles. The validation results confirm Aceso's usefulness in prioritizing the processing and dispatching of critical information and in realizing federation-wide sharing of this information among HADR teams.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Health of musically gifted young people in the context of coping with stage fright
No full textThe article discusses the health issues of musically gifted young people, who, due to the nature of music education, are exposed to experiencing stage fright, understood as a specific type of stress that does not necessarily has negative impact on health. The purpose of the research was to answer the questions concerning the level of health of secondary school music students and its determinants. The Functional Health Model developed by Helena Wrona-Polańska (2003) was adopted as a theoretical basis, according to which health is a function of creative coping with stress. Health and stage fright were defined operationally. In the research the standardized interview and questionnaire techniques developed by the author were used. The research group comprised 132 students of secondary music schools. The results have shown that a quarter of students rate their health as bad, whereas more than half experience high level of stage fright and its symptoms, and cope with stage fright by focusing on emotions. Stage fright and emotional style have turned out to be negative predictors of health. The results point to the need of implementing interventions aimed at promoting the health of young people engaged in music education
Interprofessionelle Kommunikation in der Primärversorgung - Fördernde und hemmende Aspekte. Ein narratives Review
No full textNeugebauer T, Brzoska P, Wrona KJ, Yilmaz-Aslan Y, Hämel K. Interprofessionelle Kommunikation in der Primärversorgung - Fördernde und hemmende Aspekte. Ein narratives Review. Pflegewissenschaft. 2022;24(4):241-249.Grundlage für eine interprofessionelle Primärversorgung, die neben Hausärzt_innen auch Pflege- und Therapieberufe und andere Gesundheitsberufe umfasst, ist eine gelingende Kommunikation zwischen den Beteiligten. Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, subjektive Sichtweisen und Erfahrungen von Angehörigen unterschiedlicher Professionen im Hinblick auf fördernde und hindernde Aspekte der interprofessionellen Kommunikation in der Primärversorgung zu identifizieren. Anhand eines narrativen Reviews wurden 20 qualitative Studien ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass zwischen einer spontan-anlassbezogenen und formell-strukturierten Kommunikation unterschieden werden kann. Während eine Verbindung beider Kommunikationsformen als förderlich für die interprofessionelle Kommunikation angesehen wurde, wirken sich Zeitdruck und unkoordinierte Abläufe negativ auf die Kommunikation aus. Für eine verbesserte interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit in der Primärversorgung sollte auf die Ausgestaltung spontan-anlassbezogener und formell-strukturierter Kommunikationsformen sowie ihre Verbindung Wert gelegt werden
The Role of Multimedia in the Presentation of Students\u27 Designs
No full textTraditional ways of an aesthetic expression like hand drawing and renderings, painting and artistic graphics, are now enriched by computer multimedia techniques. The multimedia techniques are used in the Department of Architecture of Warsaw University of Technology for presentation of studentis design. The connected media, like computer renderings, animations and sound are used to express sophisticated aesthetics intentions by students in their conceptual designs. In the past two years, three inexpensive multimedia editors were tested on PCis: Tempra Media Author, HSC Interactive and Multimedia Director 4.0. The most convenient, but not excellent, for our purposes was The Tempra Media Author. Several aspects of multimedia presentation were analyzed and some suggestions for the future were done
Prasa krakowska na warsztatach historyków : próba syntetycznego spojrzenia
No full textArticle includes a systematic review of the achievements of research on the history of the press in Krako
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