18,817 research outputs found
Fast methods for training Gaussian processes
No full textThis submission includes a simplified version of some code we have been developing for fast training of Gaussian processes. We also include a sample data set, which is NOAA tidal data from Woods Hole in the US, downloaded from http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/ .
The code and data included here were used to produce the numerical results in the following paper:
[1] Fast methods for training Gaussian processes, C. J. Moore, A. J. K. Chua, C. P. L. Berry, and J. R. Gair (2016), submitted to RSOS
Vascular functioning and development of the kiwifruit berry (Actinidia deliciosa)
No full textThe aim of this study was to understand kiwifruit berry development and the role of cell turgor and the phloem unloading pathway in development. Important aspects of berry development include the size of the fruit and its composition. The fresh weight growth curve of the kiwifruit berry was shown to be double sigmoid in shape. Dry weight accumulated linearly for the initial 139 days after anthesis (DAA). At this time the soluble solids concentration began to increase. Berry firmness was measured using two methods, with the penetrometer and with a new non-destructive method, utilising skinfold callipers. Both methods exhibited similar results, indicating that the skin callipers may be useful in the future for non-destructive berry rheological measurements.
Cell turgor was measured indirectly from measurements of symplasmic and apoplasmic solute potentials, and the matric potential of the berry. Apoplasmic sap, required to measure the apoplasmic solute potential, was extracted using two different methods the pressure chamber and through centrifugation. Measurements of sap osmotic potential suggest that the sap extracted using the centrifuge was contaminated with symplasmic sap, resulting in a negative cell turgor estimate. However, the pressure chamber technique provided apoplasmic sap that produced a more accurate estimate of cell turgor. Direct estimates of cell turgor were only obtained from the midpoint of the growing season because of contamination with symplasmic sap, but the values obtained were comparable to literature values for developing grape and tomato berries.
The phloem unloading pathway in the fruit was investigated using a symplasmic tracer dye, carboxyfluorescein diacetate coupled with 14C labelling and autoradiography. The phloem unloading pathway was symplasmic until 91 DAA when the dye was restricted to the phloem cells only, indicating a change to an apoplasmic pathway. However, due to the lack of functional unloading seen in radiolabelled samples, a change in the phloem unloading pathway could not be confirmed
Ethylene signalling receptors and transcription factors over the grape berry development: gene expression profiling
No full textThe ethylene signalling pathway has never been fully described in grapes. Regarded as a non-climacteric fruit, grape berry seems to ripen independently to ethylene, however 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a specific inhibitor of ethylene receptors has been shown to alter berry ripening processes. Here, we report profiles of transcript abundance of various receptors and transcription factors, associated with ethylene signalling, throughout berry development. Transcript abundance of ortholog VvETR2 gene showed a transient peak at the inception of ripening in 'Cabernet Sauvignon' berries coinciding with an internal ethylene peak, prior to colour changes. The transcripts of other orthologs such as VvRTE1 and VvEIN4 steadily increased over the berry development, while VvERS1 ortholog transcripts exhibited a peak of accumulation only when the berries were fully coloured. Finally, mRNAs of two transcription factors, VvEIN3 and VvMADS4, showed strong accumulation during the late phase of berry ripening. We also observed inflections of mRNA accumulation after incubating berry clusters with ethylene and 1-MCP (inhibitor of ethylene action). The main effect was observed with VvEIN3 transcripts that showed a significant up-regulation after incubation with 1-MCP. Furthermore, other transcript levels (VvETR2 and VvCTR1) were also increased by exogenous ethylene, once the colour change was initiated (i.e. 10 to 11 weeks after bloom). Some studies have already indicated that non-climacteric fruits shared signalling pathways with climacteric fruits. However, most differences between these ripening classifications remain poorly described at the genetic/molecular level. This data set will contribute to a better understanding on potential involvements of ethylene signalling in a non-climacteric fruit such as grape berry
Polarization singularities in isotropic random vector waves
No full textFollowing Nye & Hajnal, we explore the geometry of complex vector waves by regarding them as a field of polarization ellipses. Singularities of this field are the C lines and L lines, where the polarization is purely circular and purely linear, respectively. The singularities can be reinterpreted as loci of photon spin 1 (C lines) and 0 (L lines). For Gaussian random superpositions of plane waves equidistributed in direction but with an arbitrary frequency spectrum, we calculate the density (length per unit volume) of C and L lines
Study on differential expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase genes in table grape cv. Thompson Seedless
No full textAs a consequence of the non-climacteric status of grapes (Vitis vinifera), ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction have scarcely been studied in this fruit. In spite this drawback, the available information suggests a role for ethylene in ripening grape berries. In this work, we report the identification of three homologous genes that encode 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO), a key component of ethylene biosynthesis. A comparison of protein sequences revealed that all three VvACOs harbor a 2OG-Fe(II) oxygenase domain, which is typical of the ACO gene family; however, VvACO1 showed a higher amino acid sequence homology with VvACO2 than with VvACO3. The expression pattern of VvACOs and the effect of exogenous ethylene on their transcript accumulation were evaluated during table grape berry development in the “Thompson Seedless” cultivar. A peak in VvACO1 transcript accumulation levels was registered around veraison that was 4-fold higher than at harvest, and this peak was confirmed during a second season in grapes that were harvested from three different vineyards. An enhancement in ethylene production and VvACO genes transcript levels was observed in grapes sprayed with ethephon during berry development. However, VvACO1 transcripts reached the highest accumulation earlier than VvACO2 and VvACO3. Altogether, these data confirmed that ethylene may have a role in some aspects of the grape ripening process, and they also highlighted the potential use of some VvACO genes as molecular markers for identifying grape veraison stages in grapes
Observation of the Λ b 0 → J / ψ Ξ - K + decay
No full textAbstract Using proton–proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb - 1 collected by the CMS experiment at s = 13 Te V , the Λ b 0 → J / ψ Ξ - K + decay is observed for the first time, with a statistical significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The relative branching fraction, with respect to the Λ b 0 → ψ ( 2 S ) Λ decay, is measured to be B ( Λ b 0 → J / ψ Ξ - K + ) / B ( Λ b 0 → ψ ( 2 S ) Λ ) = [ 3.38 ± 1.02 ± 0.61 ± 0.03 ] % , where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is related to the uncertainties in B ( ψ ( 2 S ) → J / ψ π + π - ) and B ( Ξ - → Λ π - )
Observation of the Λb0→J/ψΞ-K+ decay
No full textUsing proton–proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140fb-1 collected by the CMS experiment at s=13TeV, the Λb0→J/ψΞ-K+ decay is observed for the first time, with a statistical significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The relative branching fraction, with respect to the Λb0→ψ(2S)Λ decay, is measured to be B(Λb0→J/ψΞ-K+)/B(Λb0→ψ(2S)Λ)=[3.38±1.02±0.61±0.03]%, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is related to the uncertainties in B(ψ(2S)→J/ψπ+π-) and B(Ξ-→Λπ-)
Regulation of berry quality parameters in 'Shiraz' grapevines through rootstocks (Vitis)
No full textThe concentration of potassium (K) and pH in juice of grapevines is influenced by rootstocks (Vitis). However, the performance of rootstocks with respect to berry quality parameters and inter-relationships among berry quality parameters are not well understood. The current study addresses these issues. Berry and leaf samples at harvest maturity were collected from mature field-grown 'Shiraz' grapevines grafted with each of the rootstocks Dogridge, Freedom, Ramsey, 1103 Paulsen and 140 Ruggeri. Concentrations of K in juice and petiole and pH in juice were each highest for Dogridge and Freedom, but lowest for 140 Ruggeri and 1103 Paulsen. High concentration of K in juice was related to high concentrations of malic acid and TSS but low tartaric acid/malic acid ratio. In this study, lower concentrations of K in juice and in turn pH in juice of 'Shiraz' grapevines were maintained through rootstocks such as 140 Ruggeri and 1103 Paulsen that also show lower concentrations of K in petiole and TSS in juice, and higher tartaric/malic acid concentration ratio in juice at maturity. Selective use of these rootstocks in turn helps to produce quality grape juice and wine
Observation of Bs0→J/ψK*(892)0 [B subscript s superscript 0 → J / psi K* (892) superscript 0] and Bs0→J/ψKS0 [B subscript s superscript 0 → J / psi K subscript s superscript 0 ] decays
No full textWe report the first observation of two Cabibbo-suppressed decay modes of the Bs0 [B subscript s superscript 0] meson. Using a sample of pp̅ collisions at √s=1.96 [square root of 1.96] TeV corresponding to 5.9 fb-1 [fb superscript -1] of integrated luminosity collected with the CDF II, the collider detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, we search for new Bs0 [B subscript s superscript 0] decay modes in a sample of events containing J/ψ→μ+μ- [J / psi→mu superscript + mu superscript -] decays. We reconstruct a Bs0→J/ψK*(892)0 [B subscript s superscript 0→J / psi K subscript s superscript 0] signal with K*(892)0→K+π- [K* (892) superscript 0 →K superscript + pi superscript -], observing a yield of 151±25 events with a statistical significance of 8.0σ [8.0 delta]. We also reconstruct a Bs0→J/ψKS0 [B subscript s superscript 0→J / psi K subscript s superscript 0] signal with KS0→π+π- [K subscript s superscript 0→ pi superscript + pi superscript -], observing a yield of 64±14 events with a statistical significance of 7.2σ [7.2 delta]. From these yields, we extract the branching ratios B(Bs0→J/ψK*(892)0)=(8.3±3.8)×10-5 [B (B subscript s superscript 0→J / psi K* (892) superscript 0) = (8.3±3.8) × 10 superscript -5] and B(Bs0→J/ψK0)=(3.5±0.8)×10-5 [B (B subscript s superscript 0→J / psi K superscript 0) = (3.5 ± 0.8) × 10 superscript -5], where statistical, systematic, and fragmentation-fraction uncertainties are included in the combined uncertainty.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio
Payment to Alex Hamilton for job, J. K. Berry, November 7, 1906
No full textAn item from the papers of Barrie Lucien Holt. These papers cover Holt's life as a capitalist, planter, financier and Quartermaster General of the Alabama National Guard. Holt was an organizer and majority shareholder in the Prattville Cotton Mills and Banking Company, as well as a partner in D.M. Snow and Company which owned a hardware store and engaged in money-lending
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