2,903 research outputs found
Flight of the European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) as Followed by Light- and Pheromone Traps in Várda and Balatonmagyaród 2002. A kukoricamoly (Ostrinia Nubilalis Hbn.) rajzásának megfigyelése fény- és feromon csapdák segítségével 200-ben Várdán és Balatonmagyaródon.
No full textÖSSZEFOGLALÁS
Vizsgálatunkat 2002-ben a zala megyei Balatonmagyaród, és a somogy megyei Várda települések határában végeztük. Az ott található egybefüggő kukoricatáblákhoz Jermy-tipusú fény-, és Arco-Pheron MZ feromon csapdákat helyeztünk ki a rajzás nyomon követése érdekében. A hozzánk beérkezett anyagból a kukoricamolyokat elkülönítettük és nemek szerint szétválogattuk. Meghatároztuk a területeken megjelenő populációk nemzedékszámát és a rajzás jellegzetességeit. Keszthelyről és Kaposvárról lekértük a területek adott időtartamára vonatkozó meteorológiai adatokat, és ezeket egybevetettük a rajzásadatokkal. Így meg tudtuk állapítani, hogy az egyes meteorológiai elemek milyen hatással voltak a rajzásra és a nőstény arány alakulására.
Az eredmények mindkét helyen kétnemzedékes kukoricamoly jelenlétét igazolták. Balatonmagyaródi populációnál az első, míg Várdán a második nemzedék bizonyult népesebbnek. A vizsgált meteorológiai elemek szignifikánsan befolyásolták a csapdázhatóságot, amely mindkét nem tekintetében igazolódott. A nőstény ivararánynál szoros összefüggéseket tapasztaltunk a minimum- (P=100%; r=0,297), a maximum- (P=99,9%; r=0,267),az átlag hőmérséklet (P=100%; r=0,308) és a csapadék vizsgálatánál (P=98,2%; r=0,187). Jelentős aszinkronítást tapasztaltunk a két prognosztikai eszköz által szolgáltatott adatok között, amelyet a feromon csapda megbízhatatlanságának tulajdonítottunk.
ABSTRACT
The investigations were made in 2002 in the outskirts of two settlements: Balatonmagyaród (Zala county) and Várda (Somogy county). In the corn fields Jermy’s light- and Arco-Pheron MZ pheromone traps were placed in order to follow up the course of flight. From the material collected the corn borer specimens were isolated, then separated by sex. The generation number of the populations appearing on the respective areas, and the characteristics of the flight were determined. The meteorological data of the areas obtained from Keszthely and Kaposvár for the period concerned were compared woth the data of flight. In that way the effect of the different meteorological elements on the flight and on the trend of the female ratio could be established. The results showed the presence of two-generation corn borer populations in both places. In Balatonmagyaród the first- while in Várda the second generation proved larger. The meteorological elements significally influenced the possibility of trapping in the case of both sexes. As for the female sex ratio close correlations were found with the minimum (P=100%; r=0.297)-, maximum (P=99.9%; r=0.267)-, average (P=100%; r=0.308) temperature and precipitation (P=98.2%; r=0.187) data. Considerable asynchrony was observed between the data obtained with the two prognostic means that we ascribed to the unreliability of the pheromone trap
The Value of Bt Corn in Southwest Kansas: A Monte Carlo Simulation Approach
No full textWhile most Corn Belt farmers consider planting Bt corn to control European corn borer, southwestern Kansas farmers must also take into account an array of other insect pests, including corn rootworm, spider mites, and southwestern corn borer. This research uses a decision analysis framework to estimate the expected economic value of Bt corn in southwest Kansas. Mean per acre Bt values ranged from 34.60, well above the technology fee assumed to be 5.25 per acre at a seeding rate of 30,000 seeds per acre. The minimum value over all scenarios was $8.69 per acre. Using Monte Carlo simulation, it was shown that European and southwestern corn borer infestation probabilities, expected corn price, and expected pest-free yields are important determinants of the value of Bt corn.Bt corn, decision analysis, European corn borer, integrated pest management, Monte Carlo simulation, southwestern corn borer, Crop Production/Industries,
Changing of flight phenology and ecotype expansion of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) in Hungary Part
No full textThe studies aimed to acquire the widest possible information on the annual flight in Hungary of the European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The investigations used biomathematical (Part 1) and graphical (Part 2) evaluation to document changes in the individual population number.The study was conducted in Hungary using ECB moth capture records from the Plant Protection Information System black light trap system (1991–2004). We have drawn conclusions on the appearance of annual flights and the tendency of alterations in flight direction by means of light trap results in four different areas in Hungary. We calculated the flight peak quotients, the individual population numbers of the second flight peak, the distinctions of individual numbers of two flight peaks in this part.As previously published, alterations in flight direction of ECB flights began at different times in Hungary. In the current study, a gradual disappearance of the univoltine ecotype and gradual appearance of the bivoltine ecotype ECB in Hungary is confirmed by the data obtained between 1991–2004. Flight peak quotients and data concerning the second flight peak have confirmed change this process, too: the appearance of a second flight peak in Northwestern Hungary from 1995–1996 (FP = 1.27), the more significant appearance of flights in August in Western Hungary (FP = 1.05) and Northeastern Hungary (FP = 1.45), and a three and four times more individual number of the second flight peak in Southeastern Hungary (FP = 3.44). Flight peak quotients, individual population numbers of the second flight peak, the tendency towards a difference in population number of the two peaks, and size of increase of these values demonstrates the southeastern-northwestern presence of the bivoltine ecotype in Hungary
Dataset for "The Hazel Stem Borer, Agrilus pseudocoryli (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), as a Pest of Hybrid Hazelnuts"
No full textSurvey of damage from the hazel stem borer (Agrilus pseudocoryli) and presence of eastern filbert in a hybrid hazelnut orchard in Minnesota.
Little to no curation was performed on this dataset. DRUM can not verify the completeness or quality of the documentation, nor the FAIRness of the included files. Please contact the author with any questions.University of Minnesota - Louise T. Dosdall FellowshipUnited States Department of Agriculture - Specialty Crop Research Initiative 2019-51181-30025University of Minnesota - Bell Museum Award (James Wilkie Fund)Perish, Patrick K; Lindsey, Amelia R I; Koch, Alexa; Aukema, Brian H; Shanovich, Hailey N. (2023). Dataset for "The Hazel Stem Borer, Agrilus pseudocoryli (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), as a Pest of Hybrid Hazelnuts". Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota (DRUM), https://hdl.handle.net/11299/254160
Relations between two rice borers in Surinam, Rupela albinella (Cr.) and Diatraea saccharalis (F.), and their hymenopterous larval parasites
No full textIn many tropical countries, lepidopterous stem borers are major pests of the rice crop. Study of the rice borers in Surinam, Rupela albinella and Diatraea saccharalis, was made in the Paramaribo area, at the experimental station 'CELOS' during 1971, 1972 and 1973, since data on the ecology and economic importance of these borers were incomplete and almost lacking for the small holders rice areas. Special attention was paid to the role of the parasites of these borers.I. R. albinellaThis 'white rice borer' deposits its scale-covered egg masses on the leaves. Newly hatched larvae disperse in a very active way both on plants and on the water surface and they may also use the flow of water. They bore into the stem cavity within 24 hours after hatching. Development to maturity takes place inside one internode. There are five larval instars and only the last two can not be separated by head capsule width. The full-grown larva cuts an exit opening in the stem wall for escape of the adult. The duration of the different developmental stages was determined.Normally the percentage of larvae which entered diapause proved to be very low. It was not clear which factor was reponsible for diapause induction. A correlation with a slightly higher temperature (about 2°C) was detected but the data are still too limited to accept the temperature as a basic factor.Moths are active during darkness and are attracted by ordinary incandescent light, but are seldom captured during the period of full moon.Since Rupela requires an adequate stem cavity for its development, rice plants become vulnerable to attack only 60 days after sowing when a proper internodal space may be present. Rice varieties having a total growth period of only 105 days automatically possess an 'escape resistance', because the larval and pupal development takes about 50 days.Generally R. albinella is well adapted to the rice plant. Crop losses are very small since the stem tissue is only attacked superficially.Four parasites of R. albinella were found, viz.:1. Telenomus sp., an egg parasite with a short life cycle. This insect was not further studied.2. Venturia ovivenans, an egg-larval parasite with a high reproduction capacity, parasitizes the eggs. The growth of the parasite larva is moderate until the host is full-grown. Rapid growth follows and the larva leaves its host and pupates inside the stem.Development of host and parasite are well sychronized, both in nondiapause and diapause situations. The average time of emergence of the wasp is two days earlier than of the moth.The species is very common throughout Surinam.3. Strabotes rupelae, a larval and pupal parasite, deposits its eggs near the fullgrown host larva or pupa. The wasp even crawls into the water in search for hosts. The ectoparasitic larva grows very rapidly and sucks out its host. The duration of the life cycle is one third that of the host. The adult life span may be as long as two months.The parasite was quite common at the 'CELOS' research centre with its continuous rice cultivation program.4. Heterospilus sp., a gregarious and ectoparasitic wasp, lays its eggs in the stem cavity near a full-grown host larva. Larval growth is very rapid and the total life cycle is one third of that of its host.The parasite was common at the 'CELOS' research centre.The interactions between R. albinella and its parasites are schematically given in Figure 15.The greatest mortality occurs in the L 1 during dispersal and penetration of the host plant. Later on, the effect of parasites as well as pupal mortality are important.The succession of the generations of the borer and its parasites under the 'CELOS' continuous rice cultivation system is given in Figure 18. Over a period of slightly more than two years, borer infestation slowly increased whereas parasitization of the borer slowly decreased. The percentage composition of the parasitic complex remained stable in these two years.II. D. saccharalisAn existing aseptical diet for the 'brown borer' was improved and made it possible to rear large numbers of borers. The following good rearing results were obtained: total developmental time (35-38 days), pupal weights (males 75 mg, females 125 mg) and egg production (400 eggs/female). A clear correlation was found between pupal weight and egg production.It was not possible to accurately separate the 6 larval instars by means of head capsule width. The behaviour of the larvae was followed. Moths emerged before midnight and sometimes copulated the same night. A male copulates once a night and at most, three successive nights. Copulation always occurs late in the night. The first eggs are laid the night after mating.Larval and pupal mortality was very high under field circumstances.Agathis stigmaterus was the only important parasite. It was reared in large quantities in host larvae feeding on the diet mentioned above. The wasp deposits its eggs in 6-14 day-old hosts. An average of 100 hosts were parasitized per wasp. The parasite first grows slowly; it then leaves the nearly full-grown host and sucks it out within a few hours. There is a good synchronization between the host and the parasite. Only 2 % of the wasps were males.Ant nests were present in about 15 % of the rice hills. These ants, Paratrechina sp., feed on the young borer larvae.Although D.saccharalis incidentally may cause some local losses, the overall damage is negligible
The Syntactic Domain of Content
No full textBorer, H. in press. 'The Syntactic Domain of Content.' In Becker, Misha, John Grinstead and Jason Rothman (eds.), Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in honor of Nina M. Hyams. 2013. vi, 355 pp. + index (pp. 205–248).
http://benjamins.com/#catalog/books/lald.54.09bor/details
***This chapter has been accepted for publication in a book that is under copyright and the publisher should be contacted for permission to re-use or reprint the material in any form.***Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Borer, H. in press. "The syntactic domain of Content." In M. Becker, J. Grinstead, J. Rothman & B.D. Schwartz (eds.) Generative Linguistics and Acquisition: Studies in Honor of Nina M. Hyams. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.A main motivation for relegating Word Formation to the lexicon is the fact that its output is often non-compositional. The present article, however, presents a serious challenge to the presumed contradiction between non-compositionality and syntactic combinatorial processes. The investigation of N–N Constructs in Hebrew shows that equally syntactically complex expressions nonetheless interact differently with non-compositionality. Crucially, it is the syntactic differences between these expressions that give rise to distinct Content properties, with non-compositionality correlating not with syntactic structure as such, but with the absence of functional structure. The emerging syntactic domain of ‘word’ Content in turn allows the language learner to make informed decisions on where to look for non-compositionality and to draw the appropriate structural conclusions from its presenc
MANAGING THE RISK OF EUROPEAN CORN BORER RESISTANCE TO TRANSGENIC CORN: AN ASSESSMENT OF CONTROVERSIAL REFUGE RECOMMENDATIONS
No full textA bioeconomic model is developed to evaluate the tradeoff between the risk of resistance and increased productivity when refuge is planted in conjunction with transgenic pesticidal corn. The model is used to evaluate controversial refuge recommendations when producers are allowed to treat refuge in years of high pest pressure.Productivity Analysis, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Risk and Uncertainty,
MANAGING EUROPEAN CORN BORER RESISTANCE TO BT CORN WITH DYNAMIC REFUGES
No full textWe develop a dynamic bioeconomic model of temporally optimal dynamic refuge recommendations for resistance management when a backstop technology arrives at a known date. The impact of the characteristics of the backstop on the use of the current technology, and the difference between static and dynamic refuges are examined.Crop Production/Industries,
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