107 research outputs found
Semibiotic Persistence
No full textFrom observation, we find four different strategies to successfully enable structures to persist over extended periods of time. If functionally relevant features are very large compared to the changes that can be effectuated by entropy, the functional structure itself has a high enough probability to erode only slowly over time. If the functionally relevant features are protected from environmental influence by sacrificial layers that absorb the impinging of the environment,deterioration can be avoided or slowed. Loss of functionality can be delayed, even for complex systems, by keeping alternate options for all required components available. Biological systems also apply information processing to actively counter the impact of entropy. The latter strategy increases the overall persistence of living systems and enables them to maintain a highly complex functional organisation during their lifetime and over generations. In contrast to the other strategies, information processing has only low material overhead. While at present engineered technology is far from achieving the self-repair of evolved systems, the semibiotic combination of biological components with conventionally engineered systems may open a path to long-term persistence of functional devices in harsh environments. We review nature’s strategies for persistence, and consider early steps taken in the laboratory to import such capabilities into engineered architectures.<br/
Interviews | 'African Cities' - 3 chapters explained by their authors : George Owusu, Sebastian Prothmann and Florian Stoll
No full textWatch the videos https://youtu.be/B8suWj4cdtM George Owusu, professor at the Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER University of Ghana) and the Director of the Centre of Urban Management Studies (CUMS) at the University of Ghana, elaborates on the challenges of rapid population growth in many African Cities. Read his article here: https://journals.openedition.org/poldev/2719 https://youtu.be/8jpa__Gfq-k Sebastian Prothmann, independent researcher based in Nurem..
Measurement of branching ratios and CP asymmetries for the decays B0->pi+pi- B0->K+pi- B0->K+K-
No full textDiese Doktorarbeit stellt eine Messung der Verzweigungsverhältnisse und CP Parameter
der Zerfallskanäle B0->pi+pi-, B0->K+pi- und B0->K+K- vor. Der gesamte Belle
Datensatz mit 772 Millionen BB Paaren wird untersucht. Die BB Paare wurden am
KEKB e+e- Speicherring bei einer Schwerpunktsenergie, die der Masse der Y(4S) Resonanz
entspricht, erzeugt.
Die Analyse liefert folgende Ergebnisse für die Verzweigungsverhältnisse
B(B0->pi+pi-) = (5,63 +- 0,16(stat) +- 0,16(syst)) x 10^-6 ,
B(B0->K+pi-) = (18,71 +- 0,25(stat) +- 0,37(syst)) x 10^-6 ,
B(B0->K+K-) < 14 x 10^-8 at 90% CL.
Für die CP-Asymmetrien ergeben sich folgende Werte
ACP (B0->pi+pi-) = 0,33 +- 0,06 (stat) +- 0,03 (syst),
SCP (B0->K+pi-) = -0,64 +- 0,08 (stat) +- 0,03 (syst),
ACP (B0->K+K-) = -0,061 +- 0,014 (stat) +- 0,008 (syst),
wobei die Parameter ACP und SCP jeweils die direkte und die durch Mischung induzierte
CP Verletzung messen. Unsere Ergebnisse schließen eine Winkel phi_2 des Unitaritätsdreiecks
zwischen 23,8 und 66,8 Grad mit einer Signifikanz von 1 Sigma aus. Eine Modell unabhängige
Suche nach neuer Physik beim Zerfall von B0->K+pi- zeigt eine kleine Abweichung vom
Standardmodel von -0,289 +- 0,139(stat) +- 0,064(syst) mit einer Signifikanz von 1,9 Sigma.We present measurements of the branching fractions and CP violation parameters for the
decay channels B0->pi+pi-, B0->K+pi- and B0->K+K-. The final Belle dataset of 772 million BB pairs produced at the Y(4S) resonance at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider is used. For the branching fractions, we obtain
B(B0->pi+pi-) = (5.63 +- 0.16(stat) +- 0.16(syst)) x 10^-6,
B(B0->K+pi-) = (18.71 +- 0.25(stat) +- 0.37(syst)) x 10^-6,
B(B0->K+K-) < 14 x 10^-8 at 90% CL.
For the CP-asymmetries, we obtain following values:
ACP (B0->pi+pi-) = 0.33 +- 0.06 (stat) +- 0.03 (syst),
SCP (B0->pi+pi-) = -0.64 +- 0.08 (stat) +- 0.03 (syst),
ACP (B0->K+K-) = -0.061 +- 0.014 (stat) +- 0.008 (syst),
where ACP and SCP represent direct and mixing-induced CP violation, respectively. For
the CP-violating weak phase phi_2 we exclude the region 23.8 < phi_2 < 66.8 degree at the 1 sigma level.
A model independent test of new physics using a sum rule in the Kpi system yields a
mild deviation from the standard model of -0.289 +- 0.139(stat) +- 0.064(syst) with a 1.9 sigma significance
Konzepte, Methoden und Anwendungen der Sozialen Netzwerkanalyse in Forschung und Entwicklung
No full textTitle and Table of Contents
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Goal 1
1.2 Method 2
1.3 Overview 5
2 Perceptions of Knowledge, Knowledge Society and Knowledge Management 9
2.1 The Emerging Knowledge Society 9
2.2 Perspectives, Conceptions and Social Construction of Knowledge 15
2.3 Constitutional Conditions of Knowledge Management and its
Institutionalization 30
2.4 Today s Knowledge Management Practices and Future Perspectives Expert
Views 38
2.5 Communication and Management of Knowledge 50
3 Communities and Social Networks in Organizational Knowledge Communication 63
3.1 Organizational Knowledge Communication 63
3.2 The Role of Communities for Knowledge Communication Expert Views 71
3.3 Sociological Perspectives and Limits of the Community Concept
Classics revisited 75
3.4 Knowledge Communities, Communities of Practice, Knowledge Networks
Expert Views 85
3.5 Social Network Perspective and Knowledge 94
4 Social Networks and the Generation of Innovations 103
4.1 The Generation of Innovations in the Knowledge Society 103
4.2 Knowledge Management in R&D; Expert Views 109
4.3 Networks and Knowledge Communication in R&D; Environments 114
4.4 Institutionalization of Knowledge Transfer in R&D;: Networks as
Intermediaries 129
4.5 Entrepreneurial Social Networks 135
4.6 Limits of the Network Concept 139
5 Social Network Analysis as a Knowledge Management Tool 145
5.1 Introduction to Social Network Analysis 145
5.2 Social Network Analysis as a Knowledge Management Tool Method
Development 153
5.3 Application of Social Network Analysis as a Knowledge Management Tool
Basic Steps 158
5.4 Case Study 1 (Pre-test Study): Leveraging Organizational Expertise 173
5.5 Case Study 2 (Evaluation Study): Entrepreneurial Network Evolution 188
5.6 Case Study 3 (Application Study): Inter-organizational Knowledge
Community Building 210
5.7 Leveraging Knowledge Communication Networks Approaches to
Interpretations and Interventions 227
6 Conclusion and Outlook 241
6.1 Synopsis 241
6.2 Research Contribution 244
6.3 Further Research 246
Bibliography 249The paradigm of social network analysis (SNA) has become widely recognized as
a potential approach to analyze, evaluate, and influence communication
processes. The author argues that SNA proves useful both as a theoretical
concept and a practical tool for knowledge communication in research and
development (R&D;). The context of innovative knowledge generation in
organizational R&D; environments is introduced very broadly with an
extensive reference to the existing literature. The pragmatic approach of
networks is outlined as a powerful concept to grasp the social relationships
between individuals as well as between social aggregates for conceptual and
analytical purposes with striking simplicity. Based on three case studies,
methods of SNA are simplified and vividly illustrated according to their basic
steps to meet practical needs and show their usefulness for business practice.
Moreover, the book provides illustrative examples for interventions and
follow-up activities to improve processes of organizational knowledge
communication based on SNA. (Available also as: Müller-Prothmann, Tobias,
2006: Leveraging Knowledge Communication for Innovation. Framework, Methods
and Applications of Social Network Analysis in Research and Development.
Series: European University Studies, Series V: Economics and Management, Vol.
3189. Frankfurt a. M., Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien. XIV,
278 pp., num. tables and graphs. DE-ISBN: 3-631-55165-7 / US-ISBN:
0-8204-9889-0.)Die Soziale Netzwerkanalyse (SNA) erfährt eine hohe Aufmerksamkeit als Methode
zur Analyse, Bewertung und Beeinflussung von Kommunikationsprozessen.
Insbesondere eignet sie sich als theoretisches Konzept und praktisches
Werkzeug zur Analyse und Unterstützung der Wissenskommunikation in Forschung
und Entwicklung. In dieser Arbeit wird der Kontext innovativer
Wissensgenerierung in Forschungs- und Entwicklungsumgebungen auf breiter
Literaturbasis eingeführt. Im Anschluss wird der pragmatische Netzwerkansatz
als mächtiges Konzept zur Erfassung von sozialen Beziehungen zwischen
Individuen und sozialen Aggregaten (Gruppen, Abteilungen, Organisationen etc.)
ausführlich dargestellt. Anhand von drei Fallstudien werden die Soziale
Netzwerkanalyse und ihre grundlegenden Methoden für die praktische Anwendung
dargestellt. Darüber hinaus bietet die Arbeit Beispiele für Interventionen und
Follow-up-Aktivitäten zur Verbesserung der organisationalen
Wissenskommunikation auf Basis der Sozialen Netzwerkanalyse. (Auch als
gedrucktes Buch erhältlich: Müller-Prothmann, Tobias, 2006: Leveraging
Knowledge Communication for Innovation. Framework, Methods and Applications of
Social Network Analysis in Research and Development. Series: European
University Studies, Series V: Economics and Management, Vol. 3189. Frankfurt
a. M., Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien. XIV, 278 pp., num.
tables and graphs. DE-ISBN: 3-631-55165-7 / US-ISBN: 0-8204-9889-0.
Stadt-Theater Düsseldorf / Im weissen Rössl : Nachmittags-Vorstellung Sonntag, den 10. September 1916, nachm. 2 1/2 Uhr ; zu ermässigten Preisen ; Lustspiel in 3 Aufzügen
No full textvon Oskar Blumenthal und Gustav Kadelburg. Spielleitung: Béla Duschak. Personen: Franziska Wendt, Ernst Herz, Emil Wirth, Marta Kren, Else Kittner, Hans Werder, Elisabeht Wundtke, Otto Busch, Kurt Goldberg, Robert Scholz, Marta Seitz, Arthur Schetter, Maria Heber-Rosen, Anna Walburg, Carla Höfig, Max Wogritsch, Ludwig Mayr, Paul Lenoar, Albertine Exner, P. Hermann, K. Schmelzle, E. Prothmann ..
Stadt-Theater Düsseldorf / Im weißen Röß'l : Dienstag, den 16. Mai 1916 ; Lustspiel in 3 Aufzügen
No full textvon Oskar Blumenthal und Gustav Kadelburg. Spielleitung: Béla Duschak. Personen: Franziska Wendt, Ernst Herz, Emil Wirth, Marta Kren, Else Kittner, Hans Werder, Nora Reinhard, Otto Busch, Kurt Goldberg, Robert Scholz, Marta Seitz, Arthur Schetter, Mizzi Heber-Rosen, Ida Ravenau, Erna Flock, Max Wogritsch, Ludwig Mayr, Paul Barleben, Albertine Exner, P. Hermann, K. Schmelzle, E. Prothmann ..
Maternal Wnt/β-catenin signaling coactivates transcription through NF-κB binding sites during Xenopus axis formation.
No full textMaternal Wnt/β-Catenin signaling establishes a program of dorsal-specific gene expression required for axial patterning in Xenopus. We previously reported that a subset of dorsally expressed genes depends not only on Wnt/β-Catenin stimulation, but also on a MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor/IL1-receptor (TLR/IL1-R) signaling pathway. Here we show that these two signal transduction cascades converge in the nucleus to coactivate gene transcription in blastulae through a direct interaction between β-Catenin and NF-κB proteins. A transdominant inhibitor of NF-κB, ΔNIκBα, phenocopies loss of MyD88 protein function, implicating Rel/NF-κB proteins as selective activators of dorsal-specific gene expression. Sensitive axis formation assays in the embryo demonstrate that dorsalization by Wnt/β-Catenin requires NF-κB protein activity, and vice versa. Xenopus nodal-related 3 (Xnr3) is one of the genes with dual β-Catenin/NF-κB input, and a proximal NF-κB consensus site contributes to the regional activity of its promoter. We demonstrate in vitro binding of Xenopus β-Catenin to several XRel proteins. This interaction is observed in vivo upon Wnt-stimulation. Finally, we show that a synthetic luciferase reporter gene responds to both endogenous and exogenous β-Catenin levels in an NF-κB motif dependent manner. These results suggest that β-Catenin acts as a transcriptional co-activator of NF-κB-dependent transcription in frog primary embryonic cells
Evidence for the Suppressed Decay B- -�� DK-, D -�� K+pi-
No full textThe suppressed decay chain B- -�� DK-, D -�� K+pi(-), where D indicates a (D) over bar (0) or D-0 state, provides important information on the CP-violating angle phi(3). We measure the ratio R-DK of the decay rates to the favored mode B- -�� DK-, D -�� K+pi(-) to be R-DK = [1.63(-0.41)(+0.44)(stat)(-0.13)(+0.07)(syst)] x 10(-2), which indicates the first evidence of the signal with a significance of 4.1 sigma. We also measure the asymmetry A(DK) between the charge-conjugate decays to be A(DK) = -0.39(-0.28)(+0.26)(stat)(-0.03)(+0.04)(syst). The results are based on the full 772 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pair data sample collected at the Gamma(4S) resonance with the Belle detector.We thank the KEKB group for excellent operation of the accelerator, the KEK cryogenics group for efficient solenoid operations, and the KEK computer group and the NII for valuable computing and SINET3 network support. We acknowledge support from MEXT, JSPS and Nagoya’s TLPRC (Japan); ARC and DIISR (Australia); NSFC (China); MSMT (Czechia); DST (India); MEST, NRF, NSDC of KISTI, and WCU (Korea); MNiSW (Poland); MES and RFAAE (Russia); ARRS (Slovenia); SNSF (Switzerland); NSC and MOE (Taiwan); and DOE (USA)
ESTIMATION OF PARTIAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE FUNCTIONS OF A PARAMETRICALLY EXCITED FLEXIBLE MULTIBODY SYSTEM
No full textABSTRACT Flexible multibody system simulation allows for fast and adequate investigation of the dynamics of mechanical systems. But in case of a system response with large deformations the time response does not uncover the causes, i. e. the resonances of the system. The identification of the systems eigenfrequencies gives more insight in resonance phenomena, but in case of periodic time-variant systems the often used snap-shot-eigenfrequencies do not reveal the real system dynamics, which has to be described by more than only one frequency response function. Based on the formulation of a flexible multibody system and the theory of ordinary linear periodic differential equations, partial frequency response functions, describing the real characteristics of a periodic system, are calculated and compared to the snapshot-frequency response functions. NOMENCLATURE A orientation matrix (sec. 2), system matrix (sec. 3) E youngs modulus H Hooke matrix (sec. 2), frf matrix (sec. 3-5) J Jacobian matrix L differential operator M, D, K mass, damping, stiffness matri
Study of charmless decays () at Belle
No full textInternational audienceWe report a search for charmless hadronic decays of charged mesons to the final states and . The results are based on a data sample that contains pairs, and was collected at the resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy collider. For decays, the measured branching fraction and direct asymmetry are and [] %, respectively. In the absence of a statistically significant signal for , we set the 90 % confidence-level upper limit on its branching fraction at
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