1,720,961 research outputs found
Machine Learning techniques in bioinformatics: From data integration to the development of application-oriented tools
Get PDFEls darrers desenvolupaments en Machine Learning tenen com a objectiu automatitzar els mètodes disponibles, convertint-los en universals alhora que requerint el mínim coneixement expert possible. En aquesta tesi, farem un pas enrere. Ens centrarem en les dades, en les seves necessitats específiques i en com extreure’n informació significativa. Això es farà mitjançant la presentació de diferents treballs que destaquen diversos aspectes a tenir en compte a l’hora de desenvolupar tècniques d’aprenentatge automàtic en bioinformàtica. No hi pot haver cap model sense les consideracions adequades sobre les dades. Per tant, a la primera part, deixarem els models de banda i ens centrarem en la integració de dades. Específicament, presentarem un algorisme per a la normalització de dades de microarrays d’expressió gènica provinents de plataformes distintes. Les dades de microarrays estan àmpliament disponibles als repositoris públics i aquests mètodes permeten la seva posterior anàlisi. A la següent part, considerarem dades de seqüència de pèptids i presentarem una eina per a l'extracció de patrons existents en aquests conjunts. El model, basat en xarxes neuronals convolucionals, és de codi obert i es pot utilitzar per a la predicció d’unió de pèptids a MHC de classe II, entre altres aplicacions. La darrera part es dedicarà a l’anàlisi de dades clíniques. Presentarem un estudi de cohort retrospectiu sobre el càncer de pàncrees. Per a aquest estudi, s’ha desenvolupat una eina per a la predicció de resultats clínicament rellevants.
Des de la integració de dades fins al desenvolupament d’eines orientades a aplicacions, les tres parts que formen aquesta tesi seran autònomes i abordaran diferents reptes en l’àmbit de les aproximacions basades en dades en bioinformàtica.Los desarrollos recientes en Machine Learning tienen como objetivo automatizar los métodos disponibles, haciéndolos universales y requiriendo el menor conocimiento experto posible. En esta tesis, daremos un paso atrás. Nos centraremos en los datos, sus necesidades específicas y cómo extraer información significativa de ellos. Esto se hará a través de la presentación de diferentes trabajos destacando diversos aspectos a considerar a la hora de desarrollar técnicas de Machine Learning en bioinformática. No puede haber ningún modelo sin las consideraciones adecuadas sobre los datos. Por tanto, en la primera parte, dejaremos los modelos a un lado y nos centraremos en la integración de los datos. Específicamente, presentaremos un algoritmo para la normalización de datos de microarrays de expresión génica provenientes de distintas plataformas. Los datos de microarrays están ampliamente disponibles en repositorios públicos y tales métodos permiten su posterior análisis. En la siguiente parte, consideraremos datos de secuencia de péptidos y presentaremos una herramienta para la extracción de patrones existentes en dichos conjuntos. El modelo, basado en redes neuronales convolucionales, es de código abierto y puede ser usado para la predicción de la unión de péptidos a MHC de clase II, entre otras aplicaciones. La última parte estará dedicada al análisis de datos clínicos. Presentaremos un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo sobre cáncer de páncreas. Para este estudio, se ha desarrollado una herramienta para la predicción de resultados clínicamente relevantes.
Desde la integración de datos hasta el desarrollo de herramientas orientadas a aplicaciones, las tres partes que forman esta tesis serán autónomas y cada una abordará diferentes desafíos en el ámbito de las aproximaciones basadas en datos en bioinformática.Recent developments in Machine Learning aim at automatizing available methods, rendering them universal while requiring as little expert-knowledge as possible. In this thesis, we will take a step back. We will focus on the data, their specific needs and how to extract meaningful information out of them. This will be done through the presentation of different works highlighting various aspects to consider when developing Machine Learning techniques in bioinformatics. There cannot be any models without the appropriate considerations on the data. Therefore, in the first part, we will put the models aside and focus on data integration. In more detail, we will present an algorithm for the normalization of gene-expression microarray data across different platforms. Microarray data are widely available in public repositories and such methods enable their subsequent downstream analysis. In the next part, we will consider peptide sequence data and present a tool for the extraction of patterns in such sets. The model, based on convolutional neural networks, is open-source and can be used for peptide MHC-class II binding prediction among other applications. The last part will be dedicated to the analysis of clinical data. We will present a retrospective cohort study on pancreatic cancer. For this study, a tool for the prediction of clinically relevant outcomes has been developed.
From data integration to the development of application-oriented tools, the three parts forming this thesis will be self-contained and will each address different challenges in the realm of data-driven approaches in bioinformatics.Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Bioinformàtic
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
