1,721,122 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pandémie H1N1 : comparaison Canada-France des enfants hospitalisés en Soins Intensifs Pédiatriques Étude épidémiologique descriptive à partir de 2 cohortes nationales
Full text linkRationnel : La pandémie de grippe A(H1N1)pdm09 a induit un grand nombre
d’hospitalisation d’enfants en soins intensifs pédiatriques (SIP). L’objectif de cette étude
a été de comparer l’incidence et la mortalité des enfants admis en SIP durant l’automne
2009 entre le Canada et la France, deux pays qui diffèrent essentiellement par
l’immunisation de la population contre ce virus (première vague en été et taux de
couverture vaccinale supérieur à 50% au Canada ; pas de vague estivale et couverture
vaccinale de 18% en France).
Méthodes : Nous avons comparé deux cohortes nationales qui ont inclue tous les
patients avec une infection A(H1N1)pdm09 documentée, admis en SIP au Canada et en
France entre le 1er Octobre 2009 et le 31 janvier 2010.
Résultats : Au Canada, 160 enfants (incidence=2,63/100000 enfants) en 6 semaines ont
été hospitalisés en SIP comparé aux 125 enfants (incidence=1,15/100000 enfants) en 11
semaines en France (p<0,001). Le taux de vaccination avant l’admission était inférieur à
25% parmi les enfants en situation critique dans les deux pays. La gravité à l’admission
en SIP et le taux de mortalité ont été similaires au Canada et en France (4,4% en France
vs 6,5% au Canada, p=0,45, respectivement). Au Canada, la vaccination contre le virus
H1N1pdm09 a été associée avec une diminution du recours à la ventilation invasive
(Odd Ratio 0.30, intervalle de confiance à 95% [0,11-0,83], p=0,02). Au Canada
comparé à la France, les durées médianes de séjour en SIP et de ventilation invasive ont
été plus courtes (2,9 vs 3 jours, p=0,03 et 4 vs 6 jours, p=0,02, respectivement).
Conclusion : Les enfants canadiens et français critiquement malades ont été beaucoup
moins nombreux à recevoir le vaccin contre le virus influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 en
comparaison avec l’ensemble des enfants dans ces deux populations. Au Canada, où la
couverture vaccinale a été élevée, le risque d’avoir une détresse respiratoire sévère était
moins important parmi les enfants en situation critique ayant été vaccinés avant
l’admission.Background: The pandemic influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 resulted in a large number of
admissions to pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). The objective of the study was to
compare the incidence and mortality rate of children admitted to PICU in autumn 2009
between France and Canada, two countries that essentially differed by their population
immunization to this virus (first pandemic wave in summer and vaccine coverage >50%
in Canada; no wave in summer and vaccine coverage of 18% in France).
Methods: We compared two national cohorts that included all patients with documented
H1N1pdm09 infection, admitted to a PICU in Canada and in France between October 1st
2009 and January 31st 2010.
Results: In Canada, 160 children (incidence=2.63/100,000 children) in 6 weeks were
hospitalized in PICU compared to 125 children (incidence=1.15/100,000) in 11 weeks in
France (p<0.001). Prior vaccination was under 25% among critically ill children in both
countries. Severity of illness at PICU admission and mortality rates were similar in
Canada and France (6.5%, vs 4.4 p=0.45, respectively). In Canada, H1N1pdm09
vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of requiring invasive ventilation (Odd
Ratio 0.30, 95%Confidence Interval 0.11-0.83, p=0.02). In Canada as compared to
France, median PICU length of stay and invasive ventilation durations were shorter (2.9
vs 3 days, p=0.03 and 4 vs 6 days, p=0.02, respectively).
Conclusion: Critically ill Canadian and French children were much less likely to have received prior vaccination against influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 in comparison to all
children in the populations. In Canada, where vaccination rate was higher, the risk of
severe respiratory failure was less among those critically ill children receiving prior
vaccination
Processus de validation d’une base de données haute résolution dans une unité de soins intensifs pédiatriques
Full text linkObjectif : Notre objectif était d’évaluer la qualité des données de la base de données haute résolution (BDHR) implantée dans l’unité de soins intensifs pédiatriques (USIP) de l’Hôpital Sainte-Justine (HSJ).
Type d’étude : Un rapport descriptif et une analyse d’une étude prospective de validation d’une BDHR.
Environnement : Une USIP de 32 lits, adaptée aux soins médicaux, chirurgicaux et cardiaques dans un centre tertiaire mère-enfant du Canada.
Population : Tous les patients admis à l’USIP et ayant un monitorage d’au moins 1 signe vital par un moniteur cardio-respiratoire.
Mesures et résultats principaux : Entre juin 2017 et août 2018, les données de 295 jours de patients ont été enregistrées à partir des appareils médicaux et 4465 données ont été filmées et comparées aux données correspondantes dans la BDHR de l’USIP de l’HSJ. Les analyses statistiques ont démontré en général une bonne corrélation, une excellente fiabilité et un bon agrément. Les graphiques de Bland-Altman ont aussi démontré l’exactitude et la précision entre les données récoltées et les données filmées selon les limites d’agrément cliniquement significatives préalablement définies.
Conclusions : Cette étude de validation exécutée sur un échantillon représentatif a démontré que la qualité des données était globalement excellente.Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the data quality of our high-resolution electronic database (HRDB) implemented in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of HSJ.
Design: A descriptive report and analysis of a prospective validation of a HRDB.
Setting: A 32 beds pediatric medical, surgical and cardiac PICU in a tertiary care free-standing maternal-child health center in Canada.
Population: All patients admitted to the PICU with at least one vital sign recorded using a cardiorespiratory monitor connected to the central monitoring station.
Measurements and Main Results: Between June 2017 and August 2018, data from 295 patient days were recorded from medical devices and 4,645 data points were video recorded and compared to the corresponding data collected in the HSJ-PICU HRDB. Statistical analysis showed excellent overall correlation, agreement and reliability. Bland-Altman analysis showed excellent accuracy and precision between recorded and collected data within clinically significant pre-defined limits of agreement.
Conclusions: This prospective validation study performed on a representative sample showed excellent overall data quality
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Évaluation hémodynamique par thermographie infrarouge chez l’enfant après une chirurgie cardiaque
Full text linkIntroduction : L’évaluation hémodynamique des patients critiques est difficile et l'estimation
du débit cardiaque par le clinicien est peu fiable. La chaleur des extrémités est utilisée pour
évaluer la perfusion périphérique mais reste très subjective. Un gradient thermique élevé entre
la température centrale et la température périphérique a été corrélé à une augmentation des
résistances vasculaires systémiques et une diminution du débit cardiaque.
L'objectif de cette étude est d'évaluer la relation entre le gradient thermique, obtenu par
thermographie infra-rouge (TIR), et le ratio d'extraction d'oxygène (O2ER) chez les enfants de
0 à 18 ans ayant eu une chirurgie cardiaque avec circulation extracorporelle.
Méthode : Étude observationnelle prospective portant sur les enfants en post opératoire de
chirurgie cardiaque avec une circulation extracorporelle. Le gradient thermique entre la
température centrale (cantus interne de l’oeil) et périphérique (hallux) obtenue par TIR a été
comparé à l’O2ER concomitant dans les 24 premières heures post opératoires.
Résultats : 41 patients ont été inclus. Une corrélation faible a été retrouvée entre le gradient
thermique et l’O2ER (r = 0.25 p = 0.016). Cette corrélation augmentait pour des niveaux
d’O2ER plus élevés. La spectroscopie par proche infra-rouge (NIRS) cérébrale avait aussi une
corrélation significative avec le gradient thermique (r = -28 p=0.001). Seul l’âge influençait
significativement le gradient thermique. Les agents vasopresseurs et vasodilatateurs
n’exerçaient aucune influence.
Conclusion : Une corrélation significative mais faible a été retrouvée entre le gradient
thermique par thermographie infrarouge et l’O2ER après une chirurgie cardiaque pédiatrique.
Une caméra thermique plus sensible et l’acquisition de mesures plus précises du gradient
thermique à partir d’un plus grand effectif pourraient améliorer nos résultats.Introduction: Hemodynamic assessment of critical patients is challenging, and clinician
estimation of cardiac output is unreliable. Extremity heat is used to assess peripheral
perfusion but remains highly subjective. A high thermal gradient between core and the
peripheral temperature has been correlated with increased systemic vascular resistance and
decreased cardiac output.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the thermal gradient
obtained by infrared thermography (IRT) and the oxygen extraction ratio (O2ER) in children
aged 0 to 18 years, after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Method: Prospective observational study of children undergoing postoperative cardiac
surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass. The thermal gradient between the central (inner eye
cantus) and peripheral (hallux) temperatures obtained by IRT was compared with concomitant
O2ER in the first 24 hours postoperatively.
Results: 41 patients were included. A weak correlation was found between the thermal
gradient and O2ER (r = 0.25 p = 0.016). This correlation increased for higher O2ER levels.
Cerebral near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) also correlated significantly with thermal gradient
(r = -28 p=0.001). Only age significantly influenced the thermal gradient. Vasopressor and
vasodilator agents had no influence.
Conclusion: A significant but weak correlation was observed between thermal gradient by
IRT and O2ER after pediatric cardiac surgery. A more sensitive thermal camera and acquiring
of more accurate thermal gradient measurements from a larger population could improve our
results
- …
