1,720,981 research outputs found
Expert Opinion on Management of Intraocular Inflammation, Retinal Vasculitis, and Vascular Occlusion after Brolucizumab Treatment
No full textAssessment of genetic damage among chewers of mixture containing mainly areca nut and tobacco
No full textChewing mixture containing areca nut and tobacco is believed to be associated with oral cancer. Habit of chewing such mixture is prevalent among South Asian countries. This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effect of areca nut and tobacco on human lymphocytes. Peripheral blood from 107 subjects (nonchewers, 48chewers, 59, including 20 subjects with oral submucous fibrosis [OSMF]) analyzed by cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) and alkaline comet assay. Nuclear anomalies, namely, binucleated cells with micronuclei (BN MN), total MN, nucleoplasmic bridge, and nuclear buds were higher in chewers whereas elevation in BN MN and total MN were significant among subjects with OSMF than nonchewers. DNA damage assessed by comet assay showed increased percentage of Tail DNA, Tail moment, and Olive tail moment among chewers as well as OSMF subjects. Significant positive correlation was observed between induction of CBMN and consumption of quids per day (r = .280, P = .033). Results suggested cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of mixture containing areca nut and tobacco
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Artificial intelligence to support public sector decision-making: the emergence of entangled accountability
No full textPublic organizations adopt Artificial Intelligence (AI) to streamline decision-making processes to improve rationalization and efficiency of service provision. However, several cases of AI deployment have generated doubts and questions among public audience due to distortions emerged in the services delivery. Hence, increasing calls for holding AI accountable have been raised. Building on this stream of research, we posit that the deployment of AI changes the decision-making processes it informs. We show that public organizations adopt AI, it entangles with the legal and administrative rules that underpin organizations to structure the decision-making process. These techno-legal entanglements alter the decision-making process and hence the accountability of the public organizations. To shed light on these transformations, we rely on evidence from two selected cases of AI adoptions: UKVI in the UK and COMPAS in the US. We theorize the emergence of an entangled accountability in which responsibilities are shared between the machine and the human contribution in the decision-making process of public organizations
Addressing the knowledge gap between business managers and data scientists:The case of data analytics implementation in a sales organization
No full textWhile learning algorithms are assumed to support organizational decision making, their introduction requires the incorporation of new epistemic practices that are often orthogonal to the incumbent ways of knowing in the organization. In this study, we examine the organizational challenges that organizations face when they introduce learning algorithms to shift to data-driven decision making. We report on a qualitative study performed in the sales department of a telecommunications organization. The introduction of data analytics triggered a clash between account managers and data scientists. It brought to the surface deep-seated views about what kind of information mattered and how that informed judgements and actions. Those fundamentally different views impeded the collaboration between the two groups, who were unable to integrate their different epistemic practices. We analyze how the clash unfolded and discuss implications for theory and practice
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